Cold sores, which are small blisters that develop on the lips and in the mouth, are most often caused by herpes simplex virus type 1. Because they are caused by a virus, there is no cure for cold sores. The condition typically recurs throughout life, sometimes due to certain triggers (such as sun exposure), but it can also occur spontaneously after the initial infection.
While cold sores cannot be cured, doctors can recommend medication to treat them. Many people also experience relief when they combine medication with proven home remedies.
In most cases, cold sores will heal on their own over a period of two to four weeks. However, doctors can also prescribe antiviral drugs like famciclovir and acyclovir, which can facilitate a faster healing process.
These medications can be applied directly to the cold sore in the form of a cream, or they can be taken orally. There are also non-prescription ointments available, but these may not be as effective as prescription options.
People who experience frequent bouts of cold sores, meaning they occur nine or more times each year, may be prescribed an antiviral medication to be taken regularly. Otherwise, it is not possible to prevent cold sores, as the virus responsible for causing them remains in the body indefinitely.
Along with antiviral medications, certain home remedies can ease the recovery process when you have a cold sore:
Cold sores are highly contagious, so avoid any close, personal contact until the sore has completely healed.