Search by name
logo

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Multiple Sclerosis, also called MS, can disable the spinal cord and brain. Myelin, the protective sheath that protects nerve fibres, is attacked by the immune system which impairs brain-to-body communication in those with MS. The condition can eventually result in nerve fibre degeneration and irreversible injury.

Symptoms

Multiple Sclerosis symptoms can frequently be unpredictable. Depending on each patient’s condition, they could be minor or severe, transient or permanent. Depending on the part of the afflicted nervous system, they could appear in various combinations. The most typical signs and symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis are listed below:

  • Blurry vision
  • Colour shift from red to green
  • Discomfort in eyes and vision loss
  • Difficulty walking
  • Numbness or tickling sensation
  • Stiffness in the arm and leg muscles
  • Having coordination issues
  • Becoming partially or completely paralyzed
  • Spasticity that causes stiffness and spasms in muscles
  • Fatigue
  • Loss of feeling
  • Speech issues
  • Tremor
  • Dizziness
  • Loss of hearing
  • Bladder and bowel issues
  • Depression

Causes

Although several illnesses seem to increase the risk of developing Multiple Sclerosis, doctors remain unsure of the disease’s exact origin. Individuals who possess particular genes may be more likely to contract it. Smoking may also make you more at risk.

Some patients may develop Multiple Sclerosis following a viral infection that causes their immune system to cease functioning normally, such as the Epstein-Barr virus and human herpesvirus 6. The infection may start the illness or bring on relapses. Scientists are researching the relationship between viruses and Multiple Sclerosis. However, there is still some uncertainty. According to some studies, vitamin D, which you may acquire from sunlight, may improve your immune system and guard against Multiple Sclerosis.

Diagnosis & Complications

Multiple Sclerosis can be challenging to diagnose because many other neurological disorders have similar symptoms. If your doctor suspects MS, they will recommend that you visit a neurologist who specializes in treating disorders of the brain and nervous system. They will enquire about your medical history and examine your brain, spinal cord, and nervous system for important indications of nerve damage. To examine you, your doctor will employ a variety of techniques, which may consist of the following:

  • Blood testing to rule out illnesses like HIV and Lyme disease that have overlapping symptoms.
  • Test evoked potentials, which capture the electrical impulses your neurological system generates in reaction to stimuli.
  • Tests to determine how well your nerves are functioning, such as balance, coordination, sight, and other abilities.
  • Analyses of the cerebrospinal fluid, the substance that protects your brain and spinal cord (CSF).
  • An MRI is a procedure that creates precise images of your body’s structures, particularly your brain or spinal cord.
  • OCT, also known as optical coherence tomography, is a diagnostic tool for seeing abnormalities in the retina that may signal brain atrophy.

Multiple sclerosis patients may also experience complications such as:

  • Muscle spasms or stiffness
  • Severe lassitude or paralysis, usually affecting the legs
  • Issues with the bowels, bladder, or sexual function
  • Cognitive issues, such as forgetfulness or trouble finding words
  • Depression, anxiety, and mood swings are examples of mood disorders
  • Seizures

Treatment & Prevention

Multiple Sclerosis has no known cure.  Treatment can slow the illness’s progression, cure flare-ups, control symptoms, and enhance your function and movement. Treatments for the ailments linked to Multiple Sclerosis may consist of:

  • Medications
  • Tools like canes, braces, or walkers
  • Activities for rehabilitation

Treatment typically concentrates on speeding recovery from attacks, decreasing relapses, slowing the progression of the disease, and managing symptoms.

 
 
 

The content appearing on this site is not intended to treat, diagnose, or provide health care advice. The articles you read here are meant for informational purposes only. Please review additional information to learn more.