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Mental Illness

Mental illness is a term that encompasses a variety of disorders. They include, but are not limited to, anxiety disorders, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and eating disorders. To have a mental illness, one must exhibit significant changes to one’s thinking, emotional regulation, or behaviour. A mental illness affects one’s ability to function in day-to-day activities.

Symptoms

The symptoms for mental illness vary depending on the specific disorder. They can include the following:

  • Feeling sad or down
  • Constant fatigue
  • Suicidal thoughts
  • Excessive number of fear or worries
  • Extreme mood swings
  • Withdrawing from friends, family, and social activities
  • Excessive anger or violence
  • Problems with alcohol or drug use
  • Inability to cope with problems or stress

It is not unusual to experience the symptoms listed above from time to time. For example, one may feel sad when a loved one passes. It is when this sadness significantly disrupts one’s ability to function that it becomes a symptom of a mental illness.

Causes

Mental illnesses can be caused by genetics, brain chemistry, or environment.

  • Genetics – Mental illness is more common in those with a familial history of mental illness. Therefore, it is assumed that certain genes that cause mental illness may be inherited.
  • Brain chemistry – The brain contains a careful balance of chemicals called neurotransmitters. When the balance of neurotransmitters is interrupted, it can lead to depression or other mental illnesses.
  • Environment – Many environmental triggers, such as toxins, alcohol, and drugs, are linked to mental illness.

Risk Factors

Mental illnesses can affect anyone regardless of age, gender, ethnicity, background, or other differentiating aspects. Although everyone is at risk, there are several factors that may increase one’s odds for developing a mental illness. These include:

  • Having a history of mental illness in the family
  • Undergoing stressful situations (i.e., poverty, inequality, or work burdens)
  • Having traumatic life experiences (i.e., military combat, abuse, neglect, or assault)
  • Having a chronic medical condition
  • Having brain damage due to an injury
  • Using alcohol or recreational drugs

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of a mental illness can be difficult due to the social stigmas and discrimination often associated with having a mental illness. However, having a mental illness is nothing to be ashamed of. It is a common ailment that affects millions of people from around the world. A mental illness is a diagnosable medical condition that can be evaluated and treated.

Treatment

Most mental illnesses do not improve on their own and only worsen over time. Therefore, it is important to seek treatment as promptly as possible. Treatment is specific to the type and severity of mental illness. The treatment for a mental illness is best implemented with a support system of medical professionals, friends, and family. Treatment most often includes some form of medication and psychotherapy (talk therapy). Self-care is also an important part of treatment. Self-care includes adopting good nutrition and exercise routines while maintaining adequate sleep.

Prevention

There is no sure way to prevent mental illness. However, there are several methods that can mitigate the effects of mental illness. These include controlling stress levels, taking good care of one’s health, avoiding substance abuse, and having healthy relationships. It’s important to keep in mind that one’s mental well-being is paramount for one’s overall health.

 
 
 

The content appearing on this site is not intended to treat, diagnose, or provide health care advice. The articles you read here are meant for informational purposes only. Please review additional information to learn more.