Fungal acne causes clusters of small red bumps (known as papules) to form on the skin. This skin condition results from an infection caused by Malassezia yeast, whereas common acne occurs because of dirt and oil accumulation within pores. The papules associated with fungal acne are also very itchy, while itchiness is not a symptom of common acne.
Malassezia yeast can be found on most people’s skin and virtually anyone can experience this type of acne. However, certain factors increase one’s risk of developing the infection, including the following:
Experiencing another type of fungal infection can also increase your risk of fungal acne.
Damage to hair follicles can cause Malassezia yeast to become trapped inside and potentially lead to an infection. Friction, tight clothes, hot tubs, and shaving are all common causes of follicle damage.
Fungal acne is characterized by red bumps that develop in clusters on the skin. These bumps can also develop a white or yellow centre due to the accumulation of pus. Fungal acne is most common in the following body parts:
Oral antifungal medications like itraconazole and fluconazole are often effective at eliminating fungal acne. Patients may also receive medicated topical ointments, such as econazole and ketoconazole. Antifungal shampoos are also available.
In the event oral and topical treatments do not work, early research shows that photodynamic therapy may be promising. This treatment involves exposing affected skin to a special light while taking a photosensitizer medication to reduce fungal cells.