Periodontal disease (also known as gum disease) causes inflammation of the gums due to the presence of oral bacteria. The effects of gum disease are mild at first, but will cause more serious problems, including tooth loss, without treatment.
Periodontal disease can affect anyone, and in most cases, poor oral hygiene is the root cause. However, risk factors like a family history of gum disease and smoking can accelerate damage to the gums and other tissues, which is known as aggressive periodontal disease.
As bacteria continue to infiltrate oral tissues, the chances of infection become significantly higher. Accordingly, your dentist may prescribe antibiotics to control infection. Infections in the head can be quite serious and may even be life-threatening without prompt treatment.
The effects of mild forms of gum disease can typically be reversed with dental cleanings and at-home oral care. With aggressive periodontal disease, surgery is often the best option:
Along with these procedures, patients must commit to a consistent oral hygiene routine to prevent gum disease from causing more issues in the future.