Acne papules are small red bumps that develop on the skin, often the face. Papules are a type of inflammatory acne, along with pustules, nodules, and cysts. Many people can manage acne with home care and over-the-counter medications, but prescription drugs might be needed for more serious forms.
Acne begins with clogged pores or hair follicles, which can accumulate dead skin cells and oil. When bacteria feed on this oil, it causes redness and irritation. Along with bacteria and excess oil, acne papules can also result from:
Papules often develop into pustules, which feature an accumulation of white or yellow pus in the centre of the red spot. It is not recommended that you release this pus on your own, as it can cause bacteria to spread and may also lead to scarring.
Mild to moderate acne can often be treated with over-the-counter products, such as benzoyl peroxide. A good skin care regimen involving regular face washing and moisturizing can also help. In this case, choose products that complement your skin type (i.e., sensitive, oily, dry, normal, and combination).
When home remedies are ineffective, your doctor can prescribe a stronger treatment. Papules and other types of inflammatory acne usually respond to a topical medication called dapsone. There are also retinoid and retinoid-like medications that help manage acne, as well as topical antibiotics to eliminate excess skin bacteria.
Doctors can also prescribe oral medications to manage acne. Both men and women can benefit from a regimen of antibiotics, while women may be prescribed birth control medication and anti-androgen agents, which prevent androgen hormones from causing excess oil production.