Asthma is an allergic condition that causes airway irritation and swelling in the lungs, while chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by lung damage that usually results from smoking (though the condition can also be caused by extended exposure to toxic fumes). When a person has asthma and COPD at the same time, the condition is called asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS).
In order to provide relief and improve lung function in people diagnosed with ACOS, doctors must treat each component of the condition. That entails developing a treatment plan that addresses the effect of both asthma and COPD:
Most people with asthma can effectively control the condition using medication. These drugs can provide quick relief during asthma attacks or reduce the frequency and severity of attacks when taken over the long-term. Common asthma medications include anti-inflammatory drugs, bronchodilators, and biologics, though biologics are typically reserved for severe symptoms that do not respond to other treatments.
Like asthma, people with COPD often receive short and/or long-acting inhaled medications to relieve symptoms. Oral corticosteroids may also be prescribed to control worsening symptoms (though these medications are usually taken temporarily). COPD is a progressive disorder, which means symptoms worsen over time. Accordingly, oxygen therapy and pulmonary rehab may be needed in addition to medication.
ACOS is a complex condition, and leading a healthy lifestyle can help you manage it more effectively. This entails:
Exercise can be challenging for people with lung conditions, but your doctor can help you develop a suitable regimen.