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Nicotine Use Disorder

Nicotine use disorder, commonly referred to as nicotine dependence or addiction, is when someone becomes heavily reliant on nicotine to function. However, not everyone who uses nicotine products develops nicotine use disorder. Instead, it’s only when you continue to use nicotine products, even though it’s harming your body, that you’re classified as having nicotine dependence.

People develop nicotine use disorder because of how nicotine affects their brain. Nicotine, which is found in tobacco and tobacco products, activates the pleasure sensors in your brain and makes you feel good. Therefore, because you want to continue to feel good, you continue using nicotine products. Eventually, you become so reliant on nicotine to feel good that you become addicted to it and cannot stop using tobacco products.

Signs & Symptoms

The main sign that someone has nicotine use disorder is that they frequently use tobacco products and can’t stop using them even though the nicotine is hurting their bodies. People who develop nicotine dependence will find it extremely difficult to stop using tobacco products and will have to consume nicotine in increasingly great amounts. This happens because, with repeated use, people build up a tolerance to nicotine.

Here are some of the other signs and symptoms of nicotine use disorder.

  • Experiencing withdrawal symptoms if you do not use tobacco products for several hours or days, depending on your level of addiction.
  • Using nicotine gets in the way of your relationships and responsibilities.
  • Feelings of sadness, depression, anxiety, or irritability if you don’t have enough nicotine in your system.
  • You constantly find yourself thinking about smoking and using tobacco products.

Essentially, you know that you have nicotine use disorder when several things happen. First, smoking and using tobacco products will become the most important thing in your life. Second, you’ll find yourself craving tobacco. Finally, you’ll continue using tobacco products even once you realize that it’s hurting your mental and physical well-being.

Causes & Risk Factors

Unlike cocaine, heroin, opioids, and other illegal drugs, tobacco products are readily available to the general public. Cigarettes, chewing tobacco, and many other products contain nicotine and can lead to nicotine use disorder. Here’s how it works.

  1. When you smoke or use a nicotine product, it causes your brain to release dopamine.
  2. Dopamine, in turn, makes you feel happy, stress-free, and relaxed.
  3. Because you come to crave this feeling, you continue to use tobacco products.
  4. Unfortunately, heavy smoking and tobacco use can lead to serious health problems, including death.

Because of how readily available tobacco products are, anyone can develop nicotine use disorder. However, there’s a greater chance of you developing the disorder if you have one of these risk factors.

  • You were addicted to nicotine when you were born because your mother used tobacco products during pregnancy.
  • You’re in an environment where lots of people smoke.
  • You cope with stress, anxiety, or depression by using nicotine.
  • People are more likely to smoke if they struggle with other forms of substance abuse.

Diagnosis

As with most substance abuse addictions, there’s no definitive test to diagnose nicotine use disorder. Instead, a doctor will diagnose you based on whether or not you have the aforementioned symptoms. They may also perform tests to see if you have a medical condition that results from excessive smoking or tobacco use.

Treatment & Management

Luckily, even though nicotine is highly addictive, it’s tough to overcome nicotine use disorder, recovery is possible. Through a combination of willpower, determination, and treatment, anyone can stop using nicotine. Popular treatment options include behavioural and cognitive therapy to help you identify triggers that make you want to use nicotine, as well as to help you realize that you don’t need nicotine to survive.

Medications are also popular treatment options to help ease the symptoms of withdrawal and wean you off of nicotine. In the end, however, recovery is a lifelong process that will require a conscious effort to steer clear of tobacco products.

 
 
 

The content appearing on this site is not intended to treat, diagnose, or provide health care advice. The articles you read here are meant for informational purposes only. Please review additional information to learn more.