As the most common form of HIV, the Group M (Major) version of the virus affects the majority of cases. HIV groups vary according to where the virus was first discovered. With Group M, the virus first originated in what is now known as the Democratic Republic of Congo.
HIV does not always cause symptoms, especially in the earliest stages of the infection. This highlights the need for testing, which can provide a definitive diagnosis. When symptoms do occur, they typically present two to four weeks after the initial infection. Symptoms of acute infections include:
Symptoms are often similar to the flu and can last for a few weeks after exposure. Eventually, the disease will progress to a latency stage, which usually entails no symptoms.
Untreated HIV Group M will eventually develop into AIDS. At this point, the immune system will be unable to fight off infections. Complications of AIDs includes:
The right medication regimen can prevent the development of AIDS to help patients lead long, fulfilling lives while managing the virus.
HIV Group M is spread via infected bodily fluids, such as blood, semen, and vaginal fluids. As a result, it’s often passed along via sexual contact. It can also be transmitted via intravenous drug use when needles are shared. While it occurs less frequently, the virus can be transmitted by accidental needle pokes in healthcare environments or passed from mother to child during birth.
Certain medications can prevent HIV Group M from developing into AIDS. Many people take a combination of prescription medications to manage the condition and prevent more serious complications. Additionally, HIV infections can be avoided by using condoms during every sexual encounter and avoiding intravenous drug use. Pregnant women who believe they’ve been exposed should also be tested prior to giving birth.