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Foot Pain & Problems

Foot pain and foot problems are a broad spectrum of disorders affecting one or both feet. Possible causes include injury, infection, and inflammatory conditions.

Symptoms

Symptoms of foot problems can include:

  • Pain in one or more toes
  • Pain in the ball of the foot
  • Pain in the arch of the foot
  • Ankle pain
  • Heel pain
  • Difficulty walking or limping
  • Swelling of any part of the foot
  • Changes to the skin in the foot
  • Itching feet
  • Problems with the toenails

Causes

There are many different things which can cause problems with the feet. Some examples include:

  • Sprained ankle – also known as a rolled ankle, this can occur if the foot is twisted or turned further than its limits
  • Broken toe – this can occur with accidents, stubbing a toe, kicking something, or dropping a heavy object on the toe
  • Other broken bones in the foot- often a result of accidents
  • A fungal infection of the skin or toenails – often causes itching of the skin of the foot
  • Ingrown toenail – a condition where the toenail starts growing into the sides of the toe
  • Inflammation of the ligaments and tendons which support the foot
  • Nerve pain of the foot and lower extremity
  • Gout – a build-up of an acid in the joints of the body, commonly affecting the big toe
  • Decreased blood circulation to the foot – this can cause change to the skin of the foot or very cold feet

Risk Factors

Some risk factors for foot problems or foot pain include:

  • Shoes that are the wrong size
  • Not warming up and cooling down when playing sport or exercising
  • Not stretching after exercise
  • Overdoing physical activity
  • Uncontrolled diabetes
  • Malnutrition
  • Poor blood circulation
  • Not following proper foot hygiene

Diagnosis

Since there are many reasons why foot pain may occur, it is best to seek care from a doctor to determine the cause. The doctor will examine the foot, move it, and look for signs of systemic disease. If there is a wound, the doctor may take a swab. If there is a known injury, the doctor may request x-rays to look for broken bones. The doctor may also request a blood draw to look for underlying problems.

Sometimes a person requires a specialist in foot care. Depending on the person’s symptoms, they may see a podiatrist or an orthopaedic surgeon. If there’s concern about circulation problems, they may see a cardiovascular surgeon.

Treatment

Many causes of foot pain will heal without long-term problems. Treatment for the pain depends on the cause. Some treatment options include:

  • Getting a person’s feet measured and shoes fitted by a trained assistant at a shop
  • Wearing clean socks every day
  • Not picking at or biting toenails
  • Not cutting toenails too short
  • Not allowing toenails to grow too long
  • Icing an area where injury has occurred
  • Rest
  • Using of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications in the case of injury. This should be done according to the doctor’s or pharmacist’s instruction
  • Buddy taping – taping toes together to help support an injured toe
  • Using a splint to support injured ligaments or tendons
  • Placing arch inserts in shoes
  • Avoiding certain foods
  • Taking medications to help circulation
  • Taking medications to control blood sugar in diabetes
  • Physical therapy after injuries to regain full use of the foot
  • Antibiotic ointment or tablets for wounds

Complications

Usually, there are no complications after foot pain is treated. In case of injuries, surgery may be required. In case of poor circulation or uncontrolled diabetes, amputation of one or more toes, the foot, or part of the leg may be required.

 
 
 

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