Doctors are not sure why alopecia totalis, which causes complete hair loss on the scalp, occurs. However, researchers believe the disorder results from an immune reaction that mistakenly targets hair follicles.
It is not always possible to regrow hair with this condition, but medications and other treatments have proven effective for many people. You are also encouraged to consult with a dermatologist to gain a better understanding of this skin condition and how to combat it.
Corticosteroids are medications that dampen the effects of one’s immune system. Because alopecia totalis is linked to immune dysfunction, corticosteroids can sometimes prevent hair loss in people with this condition or even cause hair to begin growing again.
There’s also minoxidil, a hair loss drug that is better known by the brand name of Rogaine. Minoxidil alters the hair growth cycle to provide more time for the anagen phase, which is when hair grows. The drug is also said to boost blood flow to the hair follicles in the scalp.
Diphencyprone is a topical immunotherapy drug that elicits a small allergic reaction when applied to the scalp. It is theorized that this reaction can increase white blood cells, which in turn can stimulate the growth of hair.
Tofacitinib is an oral medication that inhibits the actions of enzymes involved in triggering an immune response. This drug was originally intended to treat rheumatoid arthritis but has also shown promise in people with alopecia totalis.
Along with medications, exposing the scalp to beams of ultraviolet light has been known to facilitate hair growth by boosting blood flow and stimulating the follicles. You can also undergo repeated treatments with ultraviolet light should you experience hair loss after the initial therapy.