For many people with atopic dermatitis, medicated topical ointments can help manage skin itchiness, rashes, and other health effects. However, newer systemic treatments are another option for people experiencing moderate to severe atopic dermatitis that does not respond to traditional treatments.
Atopic dermatitis results from an overreaction of the immune system, which can sometimes mistakenly attack bodily tissues alongside foreign invaders like bacteria and viruses. Immunomodulatory treatments suppress the immune system and prevent skin issues associated with atopic dermatitis.
Immunosuppressants are an essential component of immunomodulatory treatments. Immunosuppressant medications include corticosteroids, biologics, and Janus kinase inhibitors. These medications can be taken in pill form or administered intravenously.
While they all play a role in suppressing immune function, they work in different ways. For instance, Janus kinase inhibitors target a specific enzyme which then reduces inflammation in the body.
While effective, immunosuppressant medications also leave people with a greater risk of infection. As a result, it is important to avoid illness whenever possible by practicing good hygiene, avoiding people who are sick, and leading a healthy lifestyle when it comes to diet and exercise.
Additionally, immunosuppressants are associated with certain side effects, including:
Your doctor will go over these and other side effects when prescribing medication. It is important to inform your doctor if new or worsening side effects occur. Also, you will need to be monitored regularly to ensure the drug is working as intended.