Hepatitis A is a viral liver infection that can have a range of effects. For some people, hepatitis A only causes a mild illness that typically resolves in a few weeks. For others, the symptoms can be far more severe and can last for many months.
This virus is commonly transmitted via food or drink contaminated with faecal matter, but it can also be passed via close personal contact with an infected person. In most cases, the virus is not dangerous and those who experience it make a full recovery. In some rare instances, hepatitis A can cause liver failure in certain individuals, such as the elderly or people who suffer from chronic liver diseases.
Not all people infected with hepatitis A develop symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they usually present within a few weeks of being infected. Common symptoms include:
These symptoms are often mild and usually resolve in a matter of weeks. However, symptoms can also be more severe and take several months to resolve.
Most people get hepatitis A by consuming contaminated food and drink. The virus can also be found in drinking water when areas are contaminated by faecal matter due to environmental factors. This can occur in areas where drinking water is not properly sanitized. Other possible causes include contact with an infected person, including sexual contact.
Some people have a higher risk of contracting hepatitis A than others. Accordingly, common risk factors include:
Men who engage in sexual contact with other men also have a greater risk of contracting the virus. This highlights the importance of using condoms during every sexual encounter, which can reduce one’s chance of experiencing hepatitis A.
While there is no specific treatment for hepatitis A, most infections clear on their own in about six months. Additionally, the chance of long-term liver damage is low. Fortunately, there are some steps you can take to soothe symptoms, including:
You may be able to prevent a hepatitis A infection by practicing good hygiene. Wash food carefully before eating and make sure that anyone who’s preparing food for you washes their hands first. If possible, only drink filtered water and avoid food and drink from unknown sources. Always practice safe sex and avoid drug use, especially intravenous drugs.