Aneurysm describes a weakened section of an artery that is bulging and at risk of rupture. Aneurysms can develop in arteries all over the body, including the in the thoracic aorta, which brings oxygen-rich blood from the heart to all other areas of the body.
Thoracic aortic aneurysms greatly increase the risk of a serious medical event, including strokes, blood clots, and life-threatening haemorrhages should the aneurysm rupture.
The size of the aneurysm and the severity of symptoms can dictate how this condition is treated. When thoracic aortic aneurysms are small and are not causing any symptoms, doctors will typically recommend monitoring. In this case, patients must undergo diagnostic imaging every six months to one year to determine whether treatment is necessary.
Along with monitoring, doctors can also prescribe medication to help control the effects of thoracic aortic aneurysm. Blood pressure drugs reduce the force of the blood flowing through the arteries, which can prevent the weakened blood vessel from becoming even more damaged.
In the event that an aneurysm is particularly large or causing symptoms like shortness of breath and chest pain, your doctor will likely recommend a surgical procedure. This can involve placing a graft inside the damage section, which can be achieved via open surgery or less invasive procedures. It may also be necessary to replace damaged sections of the aorta, such as the root or valve.