Most healthy people can fight off infections in different parts of the body. However, when a person’s heart tissue is damaged, bacteria and other germs within the blood can cling to these areas. The resulting inflammation is called endocarditis, which affects the interior lining of the heart valves and chambers.
Most people with endocarditis have the infective form, which typically results from bacteria, although other types of germs in the bloodstream can cause problems as well. After a diagnosis has been confirmed, people with infective endocarditis will receive a course of antibiotics for two to eight weeks.
Intravenous administration of medication is often necessary for at least part of the time, so hospitalization is likely when treating endocarditis. With serious infections, doctors usually prescribe a broad-spectrum drug at the outset before switching to a specific antibiotic once the exact type of bacteria is determined.
If a person experiences repeated bouts of endocarditis or has significant damage to the heart, surgery may be necessary. In this case, a surgeon can repair the existing valve or replace it. Replacement heart valves can be made from biologic tissue, or they can be made from synthetic materials.
Do Most People Recover From Endocarditis?
Endocarditis is a serious medical condition, and without prompt attention, the illness can quickly become life-threatening. However, the majority of people who seek early treatment enjoy a successful recovery.