Cerebrospinal fluid is essential for proper function of the brain. Along with protecting the brain and spinal cord, this fluid also provides nutrients and helps eliminate any toxins that could cause health issues.
In some people, cerebrospinal fluid can accumulate within the ventricles of the brain and cause serious complications. This condition is known as hydrocephalus, and it most often affects infants and older adults, (although it can impact people of all ages).
The abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid usually results from:
The chance of experiencing hydrocephalus increases based on a few risk factors, such as congenital defects, birthing complications, infections, brain tumors, and head trauma.
Hydrocephalus is often treated by placing a shunt in the brain, which prevents the accumulation of fluid by diverting it. In the event the shunt becomes infected, it may be necessary to administer antibiotics to the patient. Keep in mind that these drugs would only be provided if the infection was caused by bacteria.
Research has been conducted on the diuretic drug acetazolamide and its ability to treat the effects of hydrocephalus. However, studies involving the drug have failed to return satisfying results and further testing is needed to determine whether this medication can have a positive impact on the condition. In most cases, medication is not recommended for individuals who experience success with shunts.