HIV Group O infections are unique to West Central Africa. The O refers to Outliers. This subtype is linked to HIV Group N but matches the number of variations of the Group M (Major) infections. However, the virus remains rare, which means medical professionals have not identified separate strains. Like Group N, Group O is relegated to the West Central Africa region, primarily Cameroon.
Testing is the best way to determine an HIV Group O infection. This is because some people do not experience symptoms until the later stages of the virus. If symptoms do occur during the acute phase, they typically show up from two to four weeks after infection. Acute symptoms include diarrhoea, coughing, pain in the muscles and joints, and sore throat. These symptoms are often similar to those that accompany the flu.
HIV Group O will eventually develop into AIDS without proper treatment. In this case, the following complications may occur:
Because the immune system will be severely compromised by AIDS, people at this stage often experience frequent infections. They may also be more likely to develop certain forms of cancer.
Blood, semen, and other bodily fluids contain the virus that causes HIV and AIDS. As a result, coming into contact with infected fluids can transmit the virus. The virus can also be transmitted via intravenous drug use and accidental needle sticks, as well as from pregnant women to their unborn children.
Getting tested is the first step to treating HIV Group O. From there, your doctor will recommend a drug regimen to prevent the virus from progressing. Infections can also be prevented by having safe sex, avoiding intravenous drug use, and using safe practices in healthcare settings where needles are used.