Search by name
logo

Disorders of the Pancreas

The pancreas is a gland that makes various substances, including hormones and enzymes, that help you digest sugar and use it as fuel. This organ is located in your abdomen, behind your stomach. There are a few types of conditions that can affect your pancreas, such as:

  • Acute pancreatitis — Sudden swelling (inflammation) of the pancreas that lasts several days
  • Chronic pancreatitis — Ongoing inflammation for months or years in which your pancreas tissue becomes increasingly damaged
  • Hereditary pancreatitis — Pancreas problems that result from gene changes passed down within families
  • Pancreatic cancer — A rare but very serious form of cancer that is one of the leading causes of cancer death

Symptoms & Complications

Pancreas problems may lead to:

  • Fever
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Abdominal pain, tenderness, or bloating
  • Diarrhoea
  • A fast heart rate
  • Stools that look oily and smell unusually bad
  • Unexpected weight loss
  • A yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes (jaundice)

The pancreas is important for producing insulin, a hormone that helps your cells absorb sugar from the blood. Your cells use this sugar as energy. If your pancreas doesn’t work properly and stops making insulin, you may develop diabetes.

Ongoing pancreas disorders can also make you more prone to infection, prevent you from absorbing necessary nutrients from your food, and damage your lungs and kidneys.

Causes

Acute pancreatitis develops when the enzymes it produces are stuck inside the organ. This can irritate your pancreas cells.

Gallstones are a common cause of acute pancreatitis. Your gallbladder, located next to the pancreas, makes a fluid that helps digest fat (bile). When bile hardens into tiny, painful gallstones, it can block the tube that leads out of the pancreas, trapping digestive enzymes inside.

The body can often heal itself after a bout of acute pancreatitis, but if this condition happens multiple times, it can lead to lasting damage and scarring, which may eventually cause chronic pancreatitis. Likewise, untreated chronic pancreatitis can lead to pancreatic cancer.

Reference Articles

Risk Factors

Your chances of experiencing disorders of the pancreas increase if you:

  • Drink a lot of alcohol
  • Smoke cigarettes
  • Have imbalances in hormone or electrolyte levels
  • Have high levels of fats (triglycerides) or calcium in the blood
  • Develop an infection
  • Have had an abdominal injury or surgery
  • Take certain medications

Because hereditary pancreatitis is passed down from parent to child, your chances of having one of these conditions are higher if your parent also had a disorder that led to pancreas problems. Cystic fibrosis is the most common inherited condition that can lead to pancreas problems.

 
 
 

The content appearing on this site is not intended to treat, diagnose, or provide health care advice. The articles you read here are meant for informational purposes only. Please review additional information to learn more.