Haemorrhoids are a common medical condition that affect millions of people worldwide. They are characterized by swollen, inflamed veins in the rectal and anal area. While haemorrhoids are not typically a serious medical condition, they can cause a great deal of discomfort and pain for those who develop them. Whether you have had haemorrhoids before and wish to avoid the pain and discomfort again, simply want to take proactive measures, or want to help a friend or loved one with his or her condition, it is important to familiarize yourself with the causes, symptoms and prevention tips for haemorrhoids.
Haemorrhoids are typically classified in one of three ways: internal, external and thrombosed. Each type of haemorrhoid can cause different symptoms and require different treatment approaches. Below is an overview of each type of haemorrhoid and typical treatment options.
Internal haemorrhoids are located inside the rectum and are not visible from the outside. They are typically painless and can go unnoticed unless they become enlarged or inflamed. Some common symptoms of internal haemorrhoids include bleeding during bowel movements, discomfort or itching in the anal area and mucus discharge from the anus.
Treating internal haemorrhoids requires little more than simple lifestyle changes such as the following:
In more serious cases, your doctor may recommend minimally invasive procedures, such as rubber band ligation or sclerotherapy, both of which are designed to shrink haemorrhoids.
External haemorrhoids are located under the skin around the anus and are visible from the outside. They can be quite painful and can cause discomfort when sitting or walking. Some common symptoms of external haemorrhoids include swelling or inflammation around the anus, bleeding during bowel movements, and itching or irritation in the anal area.
Treatment for external haemorrhoids usually involves lifestyle changes such as increasing fibre intake, drinking plenty of water and getting regular exercise to prevent constipation. Over-the-counter medications such as creams or ointments can be applied topically to relieve symptoms. In some cases, minimally invasive procedures such as haemorrhoidectomy or haemorrhoidopexy may be recommended to remove the haemorrhoids.
Thrombosed haemorrhoids occur when a blood clot forms in an external haemorrhoid, causing severe pain and discomfort. Symptoms of thrombosed haemorrhoids include a lump or swelling around the anus, intense pain or discomfort, and bleeding during bowel movements.
Treatment for thrombosed haemorrhoids typically involves draining the blood clot through a small incision under local anaesthesia. Over-the-counter medications such as pain relievers and topical creams may also be used to relieve symptoms.
Haemorrhoids are typically caused by increased pressure on the veins in the rectal and anal area. This pressure can be caused by a variety of factors, such as the following:
Haemorrhoids can become extremely painful and uncomfortable, leading to progressively worrisome symptoms Some of the most common symptoms of haemorrhoids include:
It is important to note that many of these symptoms may mimic those of other medical conditions, so it is important to consult a healthcare professional if you experience any of these symptoms.
While haemorrhoids can be painful and uncomfortable, they are generally not a serious health concern. By making some simple lifestyle changes and practicing good hygiene, you can reduce your risk of developing haemorrhoids and relieve symptoms if they do occur. If you experience persistent symptoms or have concerns about your health, be sure to consult a healthcare professional for advice and guidance.
Haemorrhoids can be an uncomfortable and often painful condition. By understanding what causes them, however, you can take steps to reduce your risk of developing them and, in the process, boost your anus and rectal health.