Also known as erythema infectiosum, fifth disease is a rash that impacts children. This rash results from a viral infection, which is spread through contact with infected individuals.
Fifth disease does not typically cause serious effects and most children overcome the virus on their own. When it comes to medication, doctors usually recommend over-the-counter drugs to manage symptoms.
The defining symptom of fifth disease is a facial rash that looks similar to the redness that results from slapped cheeks. Facial rash is preceded by symptoms that mimic those that accompany the flu:
Along with a facial rash, fifth disease can cause rashes on other areas of the body. This includes the midsection, back, legs, arms, and buttocks.
The effects of fifth disease typically resolve on their own after a period of time. In cases where a child’s immune system is compromised, doctors may administer an immunoglobulin injection to boost immune function. In children with healthy immune systems, certain non-prescription medications may be recommended to control symptoms until the virus subsides:
Most children fully recover from fifth disease, but parents must remain alert to any possible complications. Rashes that are particularly severe or that last five weeks or more require a doctor’s assessment. Similarly, children with certain medical conditions (such as sickle cell anaemia) should visit a doctor should symptoms of fifth disease occur.