There are several types of sickle cell disease, which is a hereditary blood disorder that affects the shape and function of red blood cells. Haemoglobin (HbS) beta thalassemia can cause mild to severe effects, and children with this condition will require lifelong treatment to reduce the chance of more severe complications.
Children born with intermediate to major beta thalassemia do not usually show symptoms until about age two, at which point the effects of anaemia may appear. These effects include:
Beta thalassemia also causes iron to accumulate in the body, which can lead to organ damage over time. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of this condition can prevent children from experiencing more serious effects.
Both intermediate and major forms of beta thalassemia are treated with blood transfusions and chelation therapy, which entails taking medication that binds to iron and helps eliminate it from the body. With intermediate beta thalassemia, these treatments will be required less frequently, whereas people with beta thalassemia major may need treatment every two to four weeks.
Along with treatment, you can help your child manage their medical condition by taking the following steps:
Beta thalassemia is a challenging condition, but with the right medical support and lifestyle, children and adults can enjoy a happy life.