Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a type of fungus found in soil. Inhalation of these fungal spores can result in paracoccidioidomycosis, which is an infection that affects the lungs, as well as the heart, mucous membranes, and lymphatic system, among other areas of the body.
Paracoccidioidomycosis does not always cause symptoms, but when they do occur, they can become serious and even life-threatening. When treating paracoccidioidomycosis, doctors rely on certain types of medication to eliminate the fungus, or slow its growth, and prevent symptoms.
When treating paracoccidioidomycosis, doctors typically prescribe some form of antifungal medication. This can include fluconazole, itraconazole, and ketoconazole. When the health effects are severe, doctors may prescribe a medication called amphotericin B (this drug is also used when a person is unable to tolerate other types of antifungals).
Although antibiotics are typically used for treating bacterial infections, certain types also benefit people with paracoccidioidomycosis. For instance, sulfonamides reduce the progression of the infection and help alleviate symptoms. However, these medications do not have an impact on the Paracoccidioides brasiliensis fungus causing symptoms.
All medications come with certain side effects, which are usually mild for most people who receive them. With antifungals, the following side effects may occur:
These medications can also cause more serious complications, such as liver issues and anaphylaxis, but these effects are rare. You can avoid major issues by talking to your doctor about possible risks, as well as disclosing any drugs you are currently taking to avoid harmful interactions.
In many instances, people with this fungal infection must take medication for one year to ensure the treatment is effective. It is important to take medications according to your doctor’s instructions and to report any new symptoms or health effects immediately. You should also follow up with your doctor regularly when taking medication for paracoccidioidomycosis.