Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection that can have a major impact on lung function. Not everyone who’s infected with TB will develop symptoms, but for those who do, proper care is key to avoiding serious, sometimes life-threatening complications.
Some people are infected with TB but never experience symptoms, which is known as a latent TB infection. While not associated with health effects, people with latent TB should receive treatment after a positive skin or blood test. Short-course drug regimens are often sufficient in treating latent TB and preventing the disease from causing symptoms later.
As for people with active TB infections, the following symptoms typically occur:
Active TB infections usually occur in people with weakened immune systems. These infections can become quite severe, which is why people with active TB must take the proper precautions.
While most people can overcome TB infections, others face a higher risk of complications, including:
People with suppressed immune systems, those who work in environments with many airborne toxins, and people subject to poverty and lack of nutrition have a higher risk of developing the above complications related to TB.
Proper treatment is key to avoiding TB complications and recovering from the disease. Treatment entails taking medications as instructed by your physician. You may be required to take a combination of medications for a period of four, six, or nine months.
You must also avoid spreading TB to others during this period. If possible, remain at home. If you live with others, try to avoid contact with loved ones as much as possible. Ensuring proper ventilation in the home is also beneficial, as is wearing a face mask when in the presence of other people.