Search by name
logo

Muscular System Diseases

The muscular system consists of more than 700 muscles, each of which performs a vital function within the body. Muscular diseases affect different components of these muscles and contribute to discomfort and dysfunction. Many muscular system diseases cause progressive effects that can reduce mobility and lead to loss of strength. However, it may be possible to slow or manage these effects to improve a person’s quality of life.

Types

There are numerous muscular system diseases, including the following conditions:

  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)A neurodegenerative disease that affects cells in the brain and spinal cord, ALS causes a progressive reduction of function within the muscles.
  • PolymyositisA rare disease, polymyositis involves chronic muscle inflammation that causes weakness throughout the body. The condition can also contribute to intense fatigue and muscle aches.
  • Muscular DystrophyMuscular dystrophy is actually a group of disorders that cause chronic weakening of the muscles. Different diseases will impact different muscle groups, which can then lead to a range of symptoms.
  • CardiomyopathyA disease that affects the heart muscle, cardiomyopathy can reduce how much blood is pumped to the rest of the body. Without proper treatment, it can eventually lead to heart failure.
  • SarcopeniaSarcopenia causes loss of muscle mass, which in turn reduces strength and decreases mobility. This condition usually becomes evident later in life, often presenting in the 40s.

Symptoms

Symptoms of muscular system diseases vary according to the specific medical condition. With ALS, people often experience stiff muscles, slurred speech, cramping, and weakness that can impact the extremities. As for cardiomyopathy, loss of breath, rapid heartbeat, and fatigue can all occur. Any new symptoms should be assessed by a medical professional immediately, especially when they affect breathing or mobility.

Causes

In many instances, muscular diseases have a genetic component, meaning they’re passed down or they result from a mutation in a person’s genes. In other cases, they’re caused by diseases that affect the nerves, infections, or even cancer.

Diagnosis

A doctor can perform a physical examination to determine the scope and extent of muscle dysfunction. If a genetic mutation is involved, doctors may be able to identify it using a blood test. Muscular abnormalities can also be detected using a special test known as electromyography, which measures electrical impulses in the muscles.

Treatment & Management

Many muscular diseases can’t be cured, but symptoms can be effectively treated and managed with a range of therapeutic approaches. Medication can ease pain and other symptoms, while physical therapy can improve mobility and function. Doctors must also rigorously monitor patients to track changes to the muscles and determine how these changes will affect function.

 
 
 

The content appearing on this site is not intended to treat, diagnose, or provide health care advice. The articles you read here are meant for informational purposes only. Please review additional information to learn more.