A type of viral infection, chickenpox is best known for the itchy red rash it causes. While most people experience a mild form of the illness, complications like pneumonia, skin infections, and dehydration can also occur. In some people, chickenpox can lead to encephalitis, which is when the brain becomes inflamed.
Fortunately, there are ways to avoid chickenpox. Immunization can prevent the illness and spare you from any possible complications.
Chickenpox results from the varicella-zoster virus, which can be easily passed from person to person. People who have not been vaccinated against the virus and those who have never had chickenpox before can become infected. In general, rash and other symptoms typically appear 8 to 21 days post exposure. Symptoms of chickenpox include:
As for the rash, it most often lasts for a period of five to ten days. While not usually harmful, the itchiness caused by the rash can become quite uncomfortable and lead to scratching.
The chickenpox vaccine is usually administered in two doses and can be given to children as young as one year of age. However, the varicella vaccine can be provided to all people, regardless of age. Thanks to the 90% effectiveness rate, people who receive two doses of the vaccine are unlikely to develop chickenpox.
Some people are unable to receive the vaccine, including pregnant women. People with compromised immune systems, those with certain types of allergies, and people with cancer or those undergoing cancer treatment should speak with their doctor prior to getting the chickenpox vaccine.
Since its invention in the 1970s, the chickenpox vaccine has proven extremely effective at helping people avoid illness. Additionally, the vaccine is associated with just a few minor side effects, such as pain and swelling at the injection site. More serious side effects, such as fever, are rare, but a physician can help you understand your risks and whether they outweigh the reward of the vaccine based on your current health status.
In the event you’re unable to get vaccinated prior to being exposed to the virus that causes chickenpox, there are a few steps that can provide relief:
Consult with your doctor if you or a child has a high fever that persists for more than four days. If you’re at risk of more serious complications due to immune dysfunction or another medical issue, talk with a physician about possible preventative measures.