Blood clots are semi-solid masses of blood that break loose (embolism) or block blood flow and can be stationary (thrombosis). They can travel to various parts of the body and can be life-threatening depending on their severity and location.
However, blood clots can be beneficial also when they form in response to a cut or injury, which helps to seal the injured blood vessel, stopping bleeding. Some blood clots are made in veins and don’t dissolve without treatment. These clots require immediate treatment, especially if they develop in your legs, brain, lungs, and other critical body parts.
Many children don’t experience any symptoms when a blood clot forms. Therefore, these symptoms differ based on where the clot may have developed.
Blood clots occur when the flowing blood comes in contact with specific elements in your blood vessel walls or skin. When they contract, it means the blood vessel wall or skin wall is broken. Additionally, waxy cholesterol plaques that develop in arteries contain these substances. Clotting starts if the plaque breaks open. Mostly strokes and heart attacks happen when a plaque in the brain or heart suddenly bursts.
Children can get blood clots if they:
For diagnosis, a doctor will evaluate your child during a physical exam to determine the affected area and request tests for an official diagnosis. The tests for a blood clot include:
Complications can occur if the blood clots develop in sensitive areas including heart attack, stroke, and severe breathing issues. If this happens, it is a medical emergency.
Treatment is based on the location of the blood clot and the risk involved for your child. Health experts will recommend medications like anticoagulants (blood thinners). The doctors might also suggest your child wear a compression stocking to prevent blood clots or reduce swelling. In worst cases, a doctor might suggest placing a stunt to keep the blood vessel open.
Encourage your child to exercise regularly to reduce the risk of blood clots. Keep them hydrated by giving them lots of non-caffeinated fluids. Avoid smoking near your child as it can worsen the situation for them. Discuss with your doctor ways to prevent blood clots in children. Avoid using blood thinners without a doctor’s prescription and guidance.