Generated by All in One SEO v4.9.8, this is an llms.txt file, used by LLMs to index the site. # Health Center ## Sitemaps - [XML Sitemap](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website. ## Posts - [How to Use Telemedicine for Mental Health Services](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/telemedicine-for-mental-health/) - When it comes to wellness, your mental health is just as crucial as your physical health. Here’s how telemedicine can help people in need of mental health services. - [How Can Telemedicine Help You Manage Chronic Conditions?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/can-telemedicine-help-manage-chronic-conditions/) - Chronic health conditions require ongoing care, including regular doctor’s visits. Here’s how telemedicine can help people experiencing chronic health issues. - [What Medical Conditions Can Be Treated With Telehealth?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/treated-with-telehealth/) - [Privacy Concerns Related to Telemedicine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/privacy-telemedicine/) - [What to Do If You’re Having Trouble Connecting](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/having-trouble-connecting/) - While convenient, connectivity problems can arise when you’re undergoing a telehealth exam. Here are a few good steps to troubleshooting these issues. - [Who Should Try Telemedicine?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/who-should-try-telemedicine/) - Many people can benefit from telemedicine, especially when it comes to certain healthcare situations. Here are a few reasons to try this convenient service. - [Why Telemedicine Is So Useful in the Age of COVID-19](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/why-telemedicine-is-useful-in-the-age-covid-19/) - COVID-19 still poses a threat to people throughout South Africa. Here’s how telemedicine services can keep you and your loved ones safe during the pandemic. - [How to Reduce Your Risk of Heart Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/reduce-risk-heart-disease/) - [A Guide to Diagnosing and Treating Skin Problems with Telemedicine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/a-guide-diagnosing-treating-skin-problems/) - Telemedicine visits are a great way to get more information on skin conditions. Here’s what to expect from the telehealth process when you have a skin disorder. - [How Do I Set Up a Telemedicine Visit?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/telemedicine-visit/) - [How To Prepare for a Telemedicine Visit](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/prep-telemedicine-visit/) - [What Is Telehealth?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/article-title-5/) - [How Do I Set Up a Telemedicine Visit?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/title-here/) - [How To Prepare for a Telemedicine Visit](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/title-here-5/) - [What Medical Conditions Can Be Treated With Telehealth?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/title-here-6/) - [How Do I Get Medications After a Telemedicine Visit?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications-after-telemedicine-visit/) - [10 Benefits of Telemedicine Visits](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/benefits-of-telemedicine/) - [Including Loved Ones in Your Telemedicine Visits](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/loved-ones-telemedicine-visits/) - [What Is the POPI Act and How Does It Affect Telemedicine?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-is-the-popi-act/) - The POPI Act protects the personal data of people in South Africa. It also applies to the telehealth field, as it ensures that patient information is kept secure. - [Phone Calls vs. Video Visits: Which Is Best?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/phone-calls-vs-video-visits/) - When it comes to telehealth exams, patients can schedule phone calls or video visits. Here’s how to determine which option is best for your health and wellness. - [Does Telemedicine Offer the Same Quality of Care?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/telemedicine-quality-of-care/) - Telemedicine is made possible by mobile device technology, but does it compare to in-person healthcare? Here are a few reasons why telehealth is beneficial. - [How Telemedicine Visits Will Keep Your Child Healthy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/telemedicine-visits-keep-your-child-healthy/) - Telemedicine visits are a great way to ensure your child remains healthy and happy. Here are a few of the benefits remote medical care can offer kids. - [Tips for Having a Productive Telehealth Visit](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/tips-for-productive-visit/) - Telemedicine visits are a convenient way to stay on top of your health and wellness. These tips ensure that your next visit is as productive as possible. - [A Guide to Neonatal Care Using Telehealth Services](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/telehealth-and-neonatal-care/) - New parents need all the support they can get when their newborns require essential healthcare. Here’s how telemedicine services can enhance neonatal care. - [How Can Telemedicine Improve TB Treatment?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/telemedicine-improves-tb-treatment/) - Telehealth services can be very helpful when it comes to TB treatment. Here are a few benefits you can look forward to from this modern medical solution. - [What Is Telehealth?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-is-telehealth/) - [Nutritional Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/nutritional-disorders-article/) - [Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/arthritis-article/) - [Obesity](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/obesity-article/) - [Complications of Pregnancy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/pregnancy-article/) ## Pages - [demo](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/) - Everything you need to know about a new diagnosis, symptom search, medications and treatment, medical references and much more. Make your health a priority. - [What Causes Diarrhoea?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-diarrhoea/) - [Hygiene, Wound Care, and
Reducing Risk in Hospitals](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hygiene-wound-care-and-reducing-risk-in-hospitals/) - Improper wound care can prolong hospitalizations and cause major, potentially life-threatening complications. That is why hospitals must be proactive about wound care and establish a reliable treatment protocol. - [Why Antibiotic Resistance
Matters](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/why-antibiotic-resistance-matters/) - Antibiotics are vital for treating all types of bacterial infections. When these bacteria become resistant to common medications, it is more difficult to find effective treatments for patients. - [Disorders of Protein Digestion](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/disorders-of-protein-digestion/) - Protein is a vital nutrient that plays a crucial role in multiple bodily functions. Protein digestion disorders affect how this nutrient is processed, which can lead to major health issues and severe complications without treatment. - [Disorders of Metal Absorption](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/disorders-of-metal-absorption/) - Certain metals play crucial roles in bodily function, so having too much or too little of a given nutrient can lead to serious health problems, including loss of life. - [Shingles](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/shingles/) - People who have had chickenpox are at risk of shingles, a viral infection linked to skin rashes and nerve pain. Along with getting the shingle vaccine, symptoms can be managed with antivirals, corticosteroids, and pain relievers. - [Chicken Pox](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/chicken-pox/) - A once common viral infection, children and adults can avoid chickenpox by getting vaccinated. For those who acquire the virus and are unvaccinated, rest, home remedies, and antiviral drugs can help. - [Gout: Coping Strategies for
Long-Term Joint Health](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/strategies-long-term-joint-health/) - Gout is a type of arthritis that causes the formation of painful acid crystals in the joints. Along with treatment, people with gout can experience improved joint health by making certain lifestyle changes - [Psoriatic Arthritis: Finding the
Right Balance Between Movement
and Rest](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/psoriatic-arthritis-movement-rest-balance/) - The right balance of activity and rest is best for people with psoriatic arthritis. Here are some tips on how you can strike the proper balance for your health - [How Psoriatic Arthritis Affects
More Than Your Joints](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-psoriatic-arthritis-affects-more-than-your-joints/) - Psoriatic arthritis causes joint pain, skin issues, and a whole host of additional health problems. With the right treatment, these effects can be limited for greater comfort and health - [Gout and Diet: Surprising Foods That May Trigger a Flare](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/gout-foods-trigger-flares/) - With gout, a healthy, nutritious diet can decrease flares and improve overall health. However, certain foods can actually trigger attacks and should be avoided as such - [Allergic Conjunctivitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/allergic-conjunctivitis/) - Allergic conjunctivitis results from a problematic immune system reaction. Doctors can prescribe antihistamines to provide relief, but patients should also avoid allergens to minimize symptoms - [Bacterial Conjunctivitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/bacterial-conjunctivitis/) - Bacterial infections sometimes cause pink eye, otherwise known as conjunctivitis. Doctors can control redness and irritation with antibiotic medications - [Prehepatic Jaundice in Newborns:
What Parents Should Know](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/prehepatic-jaundice-newborns/) - Neonatal jaundice is not usually a major cause for concern. However, parents must remain vigilant about the condition to prevent severe complications. - [How the Breakdown of Red
Blood Cells Causes Jaundice](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-breakdown-red-blood-cells-cause-jaundice/) - Haemolytic anaemia is a condition that can cause jaundice due to the rapid breakdown of red blood cells. Infections, medications, and genetic conditions can contribute to homolytic anaemia. - [Hypothermia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/newborn-hypothermia/) - While newborns can produce heat, they lack the ability to retain warmth and keep their bodies warm. This can lead to problems with hypothermia, which doctors can correct with warming methods. - [Hydrocele/Hernia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/newborn-hydrocele-hernia/) - Hydroceles and hernias are swellings and protrusions that often impact male babies (though female infants can experience them too). While not usually serious, these conditions may require medical intervention. - [Heart Valve Abnormalities](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/neonatal-heart-valve-abnormalities/) - Heart valves ensure the proper flow of blood through the heart. When a baby is born with a valve abnormality, it can negatively affect blood flow and lead to other serious health issues. - [Tracking Respiratory Health in
Kids with a History of
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/tracking-respiratory-health-in-kids-with-bpd/) - BPD is a chronic lung disorder that results from breathing treatments administered to preterm infants. Children with this lung condition must be monitored regularly throughout their lives to support proper breathing function. - [Steroids, Surfactants, and Stem Cells:
Emerging Therapies for
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/emerging-therapies-for-bronchopulmonary-dysplasia/) - BPD is a chronic lung condition that impacts premature infants. When it comes to treatment, steroids, surfactants, and stem cell therapy can improve the function of the lungs and prevent new damage from occurring. - [Exploring the Genetics of Venous
Angiomas: Are They Inherited?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/venous-angiomas-genetics/) - Also known as developmental venous anomalies, venous angiomas are a congenital condition, meaning the disorder is present from birth. However, there is not always a genetic link between family members. - [A Guide to Diagnosing Venous
Angiomas: From MRI
to Angiography](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/diagnosing-venous-angiomas/) - To diagnose developmental venous anomalies (also known as venous angiomas), doctors can use diagnostic imaging procedures like MRIs, CT scans, and angiograms. - [Alcohol Marketing and Youth
Exposure: A Closer Look](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/alcohol-marketing-youth-exposure/) - Children these days are inundated with alcohol advertisements, so parents must instil healthy habits and mindsets within their kids. Here are a few strategies to consider. - [Safety & Injury Prevention](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/safety-injury-prevention/) - Injury prevention is top priority for parents. Here are some safety tips you can use to help your child avoid injuries and accidents at home and at play. - [Active Living](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/active-living/) - Physical fitness is important for people of all ages. In children, establishing a fitness plan early on will set up a healthy foundation for adulthood - [Heart Murmur](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/neonatal-murmur/) - Heart murmurs in babies and children are often harmless, but further exam may be necessary if they’re accompanied by symptoms like breathlessness and poor growth. - [Heart Failure](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/heart-failure-2/) - Certain congenital cardiac defects can lead to heart failure in infants. However, prompt diagnosis and treatment of heart problems in newborns may prevent more serious complications. - [Prehepatic Jaundice in
Newborns: What Parents
Should Know](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/prehepatic-jaundice-in-newborns-what-parents-should-know/) - Neonatal jaundice is not usually a major cause for concern. However, parents must remain vigilant about the condition to prevent severe complications. - [How the Breakdown of Red
Blood Cells Causes
Jaundice](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/breakdown-of-red-blood-cells/) - Hemolytic anaemia is a condition that can cause jaundice due to the rapid breakdown of red blood cells. Infections, medications, and genetic conditions can contribute to hemolytic anaemia. - [Hypothermia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/neonatal-hypothermia/) - While newborns can produce heat, they lack the ability to retain warmth and keep their bodies warm. This can lead to problems with hypothermia, which doctors can correct with warming methods - [Hydrocele/Hernia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hydrocele-hernia/) - Hydroceles and hernias are swellings and protrusions that often impact male babies (though female infants can experience them too). While not usually serious, these conditions may require medical intervention - [Heart Valve Abnormalities](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/heart-valve-abnormalities/) - Heart valves ensure the proper flow of blood through the heart. When a baby is born with a valve abnormality, it can negatively affect blood flow and lead to other serious health issues. - [Heart Murmur](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/heart-murmur/) - Heart murmurs in babies and children are often harmless, but further exam may be necessary if they are accompanied by symptoms like breathlessness and poor growth - [The Link Between Stress,
Anxiety, and Alcohol Dependence](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/stress-anxiety-alcohol-dependence/) - Many people who are dependent on alcohol also struggle with stress and anxiety. Here is what happens when you self-medicate and how finding a healthier alternative can improve your life. - [Gastrostomy Button/Tube (G-Button/Tube)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/g-button-tube/) - G-buttons/tubes provide nutrients, medicine, or hydration directly to a child’s stomach. These devices can help babies born prematurely, as well as kids born with certain medical conditions. - [Blood Pressure](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/blood-pressure/) - Untreated high blood pressure can lead to serious health issues, including strokes and heart attacks. That is why doctors routinely check blood pressure during exams. - [Respiration Rate (Rate of Breathing)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/respiration-rate-rate-of-breathing/) - Also known as breathing rate, your respiratory rate indicates how many breaths you take each minute. When respiration rates fall outside of the normal range, it may signal an underlying health problem - [Pulse Rate](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/pulse-rate/) - By measuring your pulse, you can determine how many times your heart beats per minute. A faster or slower pulse can sometimes indicate a health issue, but some causes are harmless. - [Oral Health](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/oral-health/) - Oral health is vital for everyone, but it is especially important for kids. Here’s how parents can help their kids achieve and maintain optimal dental health in childhood and beyond. - [Social, Emotional, & Mental Health](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/social-emotional-mental-health/) - Parents should be vigilant about their child’s mental and emotional health. This entails recognizing the common signs of mental struggles, which is the first step to getting your child help. - [Oxygen Desaturation](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/infant-oxygen-desaturation/) - Oxygen desaturation often affects premature infants with underdeveloped lungs and other body parts involved in breathing. When not tied to another medical condition, most babies fully recover from oxygen desaturation after treatment - [Can Lifestyle Changes Help
Chronic Pancreatitis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/chronic-pacreatitis-lifestyle-change-benefits/) - Lifestyle changes play a substantial role in the management of chronic pancreatitis. Eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding alcohol can lower the risk of future episodes. - [How Chronic Pancreatitis Is
Detected and Confirmed](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/detection-chronic-pacreatitis/) - To accurately diagnose chronic pancreatitis, doctors often use a combination of physical exams, symptom assessment, lab testing, and diagnostic imaging. - [Skull Fracture](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/skull-fracture/) - Rest and medication monitoring are usually sufficient for treating a skull fracture, but doctors can also use medication to manage symptoms during the recovery process. - [Alopecia Totalis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/alopecia-totalis/) - Alopecia totalis causes complete hair loss on the scalp. While this autoimmune condition cannot be cured, doctors can use medication and other treatments to encourage regrowth of hair - [Concussion](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/concussion/) - Most people fully recover from concussions, but proper rest and care is key to ensure sufficient healing. Here is what you need to know about concussion recovery and treatment. - [Persistent Patchy Alopecia Areata](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/persistent-patchy-alopecia-areata/) - Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder that causes persistent bald, patchy spots on the scalp. This condition cannot be cured, but medications and other treatments can help with hair loss. - [Eating After Acute Pancreatitis:
What to Avoid and What
to Embrace](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/acute-pancreatitis-what-to-eat/) - [The Importance of Routine:
Why Structure Helps
Children with Autism Thrive](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/structure-helps-children-thrive/) - Creating a daily routine for a child with autism is a great way to minimize stress while also developing essential skills for the future. This guide explains the importance of routine and how you can develop your own - [Beyond the Diagnosis:
Understanding the Diversity
Within the Autism Spectrum](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/diversity-within-autism-spectrum/) - People with autism exhibit a range of abilities, challenges, and characteristics. This diversity illustrates the wide spectrum of autism disorders and highlights the need for a personalized therapeutic approach - [Geographic Tongue](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/geographic-tongue/) - While not serious from a medical perspective, geographic tongue alters the appearance of the tongue. This oral condition is characterized by the development of smooth, red patches on the tongue, which are noncancerous - [Dry Mouth](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/dry-mouth/) - Dry mouth is bothersome, but it can also harm oral health by accelerating enamel erosion and decay. Fortunately, dry mouth can be treated with over-the-counter medicated mouth rinses, as well as prescription medications - [Invasive Candidiasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/invasive-candidiasis/) - Doctors use antifungal medications to treat invasive candidiasis. Prompt treatment is crucial to prevent severe health effects, as well as loss of life - [What Is Central Sleep Apnoea and
How Is It Different from Obstructive
Sleep Apnoea?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/types-of-sleep-apnoea/) - Central sleep apnoea involves problems with brain signalling, while obstructive forms of the disorder are caused by blockages within the throat. Treatment is available for both types of sleep apnoea. - [What Is Adaptive Servo-Ventilation
(ASV) and How Does It Work?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/about-asv-devices/) - ASV devices offer advanced treatment of sleep apnoea. Unlike other positive airway pressure devices, ASV monitors breathing and adjusts the pressure and flow of air accordingly - [Can Losing Weight Improve
Sleep Apnoea Symptoms?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/weight-loss-and-sleep-apnoea/) - Carrying excess weight is a leading factor in obstructive sleep apnoea. While losing weight does not always cure the condition, it can have a vastly positive impact on its symptoms. - [What Happens If Sleep Apnoea
Is Left Untreated?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/sleep-apnoea-untreated/) - Untreated sleep apnoea can lead to serious complications, including heart attacks. Fortunately, poor outcomes can be avoided with sleep apnoea treatment. - [Hepatic Viral Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hepatic-viral-diseases/) - Hepatic viral diseases impact the function of the liver. Some health effects resolve quickly, while others can become chronic and require extended treatment - [Neurocutaneous Syndromes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/neurocutaneous-syndromes/) - A type of congenital disorder, neurocutaneous syndromes can affect the skin, nervous system, and other areas of the body. While there is no cure, treatments help manage health effects - [Muscular Dystrophy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/muscular-dystrophy/) - Muscular dystrophy treatment varies according to the type of the disorder and the severity of symptoms, but many people with the condition benefit from medications - [Exanthematous Viral Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/exanthematous-viral-disease/) - Exanthematous viral diseases refer to infections that cause skin rashes, among other symptoms. Most people can manage rashes with at-home care and rest - [Gastrointestinal Viral Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/gastrointestinal-viral-diseases/) - Viral gastroenteritis can be unpleasant, but most people recover from the illness quickly. However, it is best to avoid viral diseases whenever you can - [Respiratory Viral Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/respiratory-viral-diseases/) - When it comes to respiratory viral diseases like COVID-19, high risk patients may receive antiviral medications. These drugs mitigate symptoms and lower the chances of serious complications - [Understanding ADHD in Kids: Signs
Every Parent Should Know](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/signs-adhd-parents-should-know/) - Identifying the signs of symptoms of ADHD in kids ensures that prompt treatment is sought. With treatment, your child can overcome challenges and lead a happy life. - [The Power of Routine: Managing
Daily Life with ADHD](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/managing-daily-life-adhd/) - Developing a routine for children with ADHD benefits daily functioning, but it can also greatly improve the quality of life in your household - [Dental Erosion Aetiology (Cause)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/dental-erosion-etiology/) - Dental erosion can result from numerous factors, from eating too many sugary treats to brushing your teeth incorrectly. Understanding common causes is key to preventing oral issues - [Reticular Oral Lichen Planus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/reticular-oral-lichen-planus/) - Reticular forms of oral lichen planus are associated with mild health effects, but medication and lifestyle changes can relieve discomfort and prevent flare-ups - [Aggressive Periodontal Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/aggressive-periodontal-disease/) - Aggressive forms of gum disease cause a rapid progression of symptoms and can eventually lead to tooth loss. Medication and surgery are often necessary to manage ill-effects. - [Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) Type 1](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/burning-mouth-syndrome-type1/) - Also known as glossodynia, burning mouth syndrome type 1 is associated with mouth pain, altered taste, and other oral symptoms that often worsen throughout the day - [Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/acos/) - In some people, asthma and COPD occur at the same time. This is known as asthma-COPD overlap syndrome, and treatment often involves medication and other therapies - [Cheyne-Stokes Respirations](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/cheyne-stokes-respirations/) - Cheyne-Stokes respirations are patterns of abnormal breathing often linked to serious health conditions like strokes and heart failure. Treatment usually requires addressing the underlying issue. - [Haemoglobin SC (HbSC) Sickle Cell Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hbsc-sickle-cell-disease/) - A less severe form of sickle cell disease, HbSC disease can often be controlled with medications and blood transfusions - [Why Is the Group M Strain of
HIV Found More Often?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hiv-group-m-strain/) - As the most prevalent strain of HIV, the group M strain of the virus is responsible for causing the global AIDS pandemic and accounts for approximately 90% of cases. - [Where Did the Group N Strain
of HIV Come From?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/group-n-hiv-strain/) - The group N strain of HIV is exceedingly rare and largely confined to Cameroon in the western part of Central Africa. Here are some key facts about this rare strain and how you can reduce your chances of transmission. - [Do HIV Tests Detect Group O
Strains of the Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hiv-testing-group-o-strain/) - Advancements in HIV testing means that most strains of the virus can be detected. Detection is key to getting the proper treatment and stopping the spread of the virus. - [Where Did the Group P Strain
of HIV Come From?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hiv-group-p-strain/) - While researchers have been studying HIV for decades, some strains of the virus are still misunderstood. With continued research, medical professionals will hopefully gain a better understanding to help people living with the virus. - [Living with Frontal Lobe
Epilepsy: Life Challenges](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/frontal-lobe-epilepsy-challenges/) - The brain’s frontal lobes control essential functions, including thinking, personality, speech, and movement. Frontal lobe epilepsy disrupts electrical patterns in the brain, which impacts these important functions - [Why Frontal Lobe Seizures Are
Sometimes Misdiagnosed](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/frontal-lobe-seizures-and-misdiagnosis/) - Frontal lobe seizures can be mistaken for other disorders, including mental health conditions. This highlights the importance of an accurate diagnosis, which ensures prompt, effective treatment. - [Rheumatoid Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/treating-rheumatoid-arthritis/) - Rheumatoid arthritis occurs when the immune system attacks a person’s joints, which leads to pain, stiffness, and fatigue. Early treatment is crucial to prevent this chronic condition from causing serious damage - [The Role of Hygiene in Preventing
Viral Gut Infections Like Norovirus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/role-of-hygiene-preventing-norovirus/) - A highly contagious stomach virus that causes nasty symptoms, proper hygiene and sanitation can potentially help you avoid norovirus - [How Viral Gastroenteritis
Differs From Food
Poisoning](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/viral-gastroenteritis-vs-food-poisoning/) - Viral gastroenteritis (aka stomach flu) and food poisoning share lots of uncomfortable symptoms. However, knowing the difference between the two conditions is important so that you can pursue the correct treatment. - [Chickenpox in the Modern Age:
What Has Changed?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/chickenpox-what-has-changed/) - While chickenpox is not considered a serious health issue today, the illness was quite different in the years before the vaccine was developed - [Why Do Some Viruses Cause
Rashes and Other Skin
Problems?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/skin-problems-from-viral-infection/) - A variety of viral infections, including herpes and measles, cause skin problems. Understanding how rashes and other skin problems occur can help you manage your health - [Foot Pain & Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/foot-problems/) - When it comes to foot pain, identifying the underlying cause of discomfort is key in finding the best treatment solution. Treatment ranges from home remedies to more advanced procedures - [Elbow Pain & Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/elbow-problems/) - Most bouts of elbow pain are minor and can be treated with home remedies and non-prescription medications. In rare cases, surgery may be necessary - [Osteoarthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/osteoarthritis/) - Osteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage that cushions the joints wears down. This common condition can usually be controlled by home remedies and medications, but advanced treatments are also available - [Osteomyelitis (Bone Infection)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/staph-bone-infection/) - Osteomyelitis occurs when germs invade bone tissues and cause infections. Treatment includes medications to address the underlying infection - [Endocarditis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/staph-endocarditis/) - Characterized by inflammation of the lining inside valves and chambers of the heart, endocarditis is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention to prevent severe complications. - [Pneumonia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/staph-pneumonia/) - Pneumonia treatment varies according to the cause of the condition. Along with managing symptoms, doctors may use certain medications to treat underlying infections - [Sepsis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/staph-sepsis/) - Sepsis is a harmful immune system response caused by serious infections. This condition can be managed with medication and other treatments, but swift diagnosis is necessary to prevent dangerous effects - [Adenomyomatosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/adenomyomatosis/) - Adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder is often benign and requires monitoring instead of treatment. In cases where symptoms occur or cancer is suspected, your doctor will recommend gallbladder surgery - [Inflammatory Polyps](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/inflammatory-polyps/) - Inflammatory gallbladder polyps do not always require treatment, but when they do, complete removal of the gallbladder is the only treatment option. - [Haemoglobin SS (HbSS) Sickle Cell Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hbss-sickle-cell-disease/) - HbSS sickle cell disease is associated with severe health effects. The condition can be managed with medication, but blood transfusions and other therapies may also be required. - [Transient Insomnia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/transient-insomnia/) - A short-term form of the common sleep disorder, transient insomnia can often be remedied with mental health treatment and healthy lifestyle choices - [Drug-Induced Sleep Apnoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/drug-induced-apnoea/) - Drug-induced sleep apnoea can be caused by antidepressants, opiates, and muscle relaxers. Here is how you can mitigate your chance of sleep issues when taking certain drugs. - [Cystic Bronchiectasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/cystic-bronchiectasis/) - As the most severe form of the respiratory condition, cystic bronchiectasis requires a comprehensive treatment strategy to improve lung function and prevent worsening symptoms - [Occupational Asthma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/occupational-asthma/) - Occupational asthma can be treated with medications like corticosteroids and beta agonists, but you must also avoid hazardous substances to avoid permanent breathing problems - [Beta Thalassemia in Children:
Managing Early Symptoms
and Ensuring Quality of Life](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/children-and-beta-thalassemia/) - A type of sickle cell disease, beta thalassemia is an inherited disorder that causes anaemia and other symptoms. Children with this disorder will require lifelong treatment - [The Genetics Behind HbS
Beta Thalassemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/genetics-hbs-beta-thalassemia/) - Abnormal genes cause sickle cell disease, but the type of genes a person inherits can have a big impact on the scope and severity of the disorder - [HbSC and Eye Health:
Understanding Sickle Cell
Retinopathy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/sickle-cell-retinopathy/) - Along with other health effects, sickle cell disease can also harm your vision. Here’s how people can preserve their health when dealing with this chronic condition - [Understanding This Complex Form
of Sickle Cell Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/understanding-complex-sickle-cell-disease/) - HbSC disease is a form of sickle cell disease associated with milder symptoms. However, HbSC disease can have a higher chance of affecting a person’s eye health. - [Navigating Life Stages With
Sickle Cell Disease HbSS](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/sickle-cell-disease-life-stages/) - Navigating life with sickle cell anaemia is often difficult but knowing what to expect can help you prepare for all the stages of your life - [The Future of HbSS Treatment:
From Hydroxyurea to Gene
Therapy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hbss-treatment-hydroxyurea-gene-therapy/) - The most serious form of sickle cell disease, HbSS causes chronic anaemia. People with this condition require regular treatment to manage symptoms and prevent complications - [Neonatal Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/neonatal-csf-problems/) - Congenital hydrocephalus results from problems with an infant’s cerebrospinal fluid. Prompt medical intervention can prevent more serious effects and relieve symptoms - [Coarctation of the Aorta (COA)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/coarctation-of-the-aorta/) - A type of congenital heart defect, coarctation of the aorta can reduce how much oxygenated blood is distributed to the body due to a narrowing of this vital artery. - [Chest Physiotherapy (CPT)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/chest-physiotherapy/) - Chest physiotherapy is a procedure that can help remove excess mucus from your child’s lungs. Babies can accumulate too much mucus in the lungs due to infections or because of conditions like cystic fibrosis. - [Neonatal Breathing Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/neonatal-breathing-problems/) - While treatment varies according to the type of neonatal breathing problem that occurs, medications often play a role in improving lung function in newborns - [Born Into Silence: Understanding
Inner Ear Hearing Loss Caused
at Birth](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/understanding-inner-ear-hearing-loss-caused-at-birth/) - Living with congenital inner ear hearing loss can mean lots of challenges, but support and treatment can help you lead a happy and fulfilling life - [How Inner Ear Hearing Loss
Affects Your Equilibrium](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/understanding-inner-ear-hearing-loss/) - A type of hearing loss that affects the inner ear can also cause balance issues. Here is what you should know about sensorineural hearing loss. - [Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/thoracic-aortic-aneurysm/) - While surgery is often used to treat thoracic aortic aneurysm, blood pressure medications are helpful for controlling the condition when monitoring is recommended - [Aneurysms](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/aneurysms/) - Aneurysms are associated with an increased risk of dangerous blood clots and life-threatening haemorrhages. Here’s how doctors can use certain medications to address aneurysms. - [Vascular Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/vascular-diseases/) - Vascular diseases range from varicose veins to carotid artery disease. Treatments vary according to the specific medical condition and severity of health effects - [Prostate Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/prostate-diseases/) - Medication is often the first line treatment for common prostate diseases, but surgery may also be necessary when more severe health effects occur. - [Haematuria (Bloody Urine)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/bloody-urine/) - Blood in the urine does not always indicate a serious health condition, but it should be assessed as soon as possible to determine the underlying medical cause. - [Bladder Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/bladder-cancer-treatment/) - Along with surgery, medications can also be used to treat bladder cancer. In many cases, patients receive two or more cancer treatments to improve the outcome. - [Why Bile Duct Injuries Are
Often Missed](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/why-bile-duct-injuries-are-missed/) - Bile duct diseases and conditions can be challenging to diagnose, but being proactive about your symptoms ensures you receive timely, appropriate treatment - [How Medicine and Technology
Are Changing Bile Duct Repair](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medicine-technology-change-bile-duct-repair/) - Impressive advancements in medication and healthcare technology are changing the way that bile duct diseases are treated - [How to Catch Cholangitis
Before It Becomes
Critical](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/cholangitis-signs-symptoms/) - The outlook for chronic cholangitis is much better when the condition is diagnosed early, but not all people experience symptoms at the outset. Here is how you can reduce your risk of serious cholangitis complications - [Understanding Cholangitis
(From the Inside Out)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/understanding-cholangitis/) - Cholangitis causes inflammation of the bile ducts, which can lead to serious issues in the liver and other parts of the body. Here is what you should know about this health condition - [Haemorrhagic Moyamoya Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/haemorrhagic-moyamoya-disease/) - Moyamoya disease causes the major blood vessels in the brain to narrow, but deadly haemorrhages may also result if smaller weakened blood vessels rupture - [Ischemic Moyamoya Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/ischemic-moyamoya-disease/) - Different types of medication can be used to manage moyamoya disease, which blocks blood flow to the brain due to increasingly narrowed blood vessels. - [Bradycardias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/bradycardias/) - Bradycardia, a condition that causes a person’s heart rate to decrease, does not always cause symptoms. When symptoms occur, medication can often help - [Inherited Arrhythmias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/inherited-arrhythmias/) - Arrhythmias affect how a person’s heart beats. Some arrhythmias result from heart disease, while others are inherited from one’s parents. These familial arrhythmias can often be controlled with medication - [Ventricular Arrhythmias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/ventricular-arrhythmias/) - Ventricular arrhythmia causes the heart to beat too quickly or irregularly. This medical condition does not always affect one’s health, but when symptoms do occur, prompt treatment is a must - [Supraventricular Arrhythmias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/supraventricular-arrhythmias/) - While supraventricular arrhythmias are not often serious, they can significantly impact one’s quality of life. Fortunately, medication is usually effective at treating symptoms - [DVT Risks: How Office Workers Can Protect Their Veins](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/dvt-risks-how-office-workers-can-protect-their-veins/) - If you work in an office and have concerns about sitting for long periods, do not worry. There are plenty of things you can do to decrease your chances of DVT. - [Your DVT Risk-Reduction Guide for Long Flights and Road Trips](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/dvt-long-trip-guide/) - Whether taking a long flight or driving across the country, it is important to know how to lower your risk of dangerous blood clots when sitting for extended periods - [The Hidden Signs of Blood Clots You Should Not Ignore](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hidden-blood-clot-signs/) - Overlooking common signs of blood clots, such as chest pain and leg swelling, can imperil your health. Here are some signs to watch for and what you should do if you detect symptoms. - [How Wearable Tech is Changing Early Detection of Blood Clots](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/wearable-tech-and-blood-clot-detection/) - Using ultrasound technology and AI software, wearable blood clot detection devices could change the diagnosis and monitoring of deep vein thrombosis - [Site Map](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/sitemap/) - List of medical conditions, medications, reference articles organized by category. - [What are the complications
of a damaged or missing
spleen?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/complications-of-damaged-spleen/) - [What is the most common
abnormality of the spleen?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/common-abnormality-spleen/) - [What treatment options
are available for patients
with a brain tumour
diagnosis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/treatment-options-for-brain-tumour/) - [What causes brain tumours?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-brain-tumours/) - [Wandering Spleen](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/wandering-spleen/) - Wandering spleen is a rare condition where weakened or absent ligaments prevent the organ from remaining in its normal position. While some people don’t experience any symptoms, wandering spleen can cause pain and adverse health effects - [Accessory Spleen](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/accessory-spleen/) - Splenic tissue can sometimes form nodules in areas outside of the organ, a condition that’s known as accessory spleen. Treatment is only required if the accessory spleen is causing health effects - [Hypersplenism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hypersplenism/) - Hypersplenism is a condition where the spleen is overactive, which can lead to issues like anaemia and low blood platelet count. Spleen overactivity is often linked to another medical condition, which can sometimes require medication to treat - [Splenomegaly](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/splenomegaly-treatment/) - Splenomegaly refers to an enlarged spleen, a medical condition associated with health effects like abdominal pain and anaemia. Treatment of splenomegaly depends on what’s causing the enlargement - [Treatment For
Splenic Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/splenic-diseases-treatment/) - While splenic infections can resolve on their own, other conditions require treatment. This can include medication, surgical procedures, and blood treatment. - [Nerve Damage](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/nerve-damage/) - Pain caused by nerve damage can be treated with certain medications. Some treatments are available over the counter, while others must be prescribed by a medical practitioner - [Repetitive Stress Injuries](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/repetitive-stress-injury/) - Non-prescription pain relievers, such as aspirin, are often recommended when a person experiences a repetitive stress injury. These injuries can also be treated with physical therapy and exercise - [Muscle Strains and Sprains](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/muscle-strain-sprain/) - When it comes to medications for muscle strains and sprains, doctors usually recommend pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs to manage the condition. Other treatments may be necessary depending on the severity of the injury - [Treatment for Chronic Pain
Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/chronic-pain-syndrome/) - Because medication isn’t always effective on its own, chronic pain can also be treated with physical therapy, surgery, and alternative treatments, such as acupuncture. - [Medulloblastoma Treatments](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/medulloblastoma/) - [Treatment For Brain Metastases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/brain-metastases/) - [Ependymoma Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/ependymoma/) - [Treatment For Astrocytomas](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/astrocytomas/) - [Acoustic Neuroma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/acoustic-neuroma/) - While medication is not typically used to treat acoustic neuromas, certain chemotherapy drugs may prove beneficial for some patients. - [Treatment for Brain
Tumours](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/brain-tumours/) - Brain tumours have numerous treatments, including chemotherapy, medication, radiation therapy, and surgery. Treatment depends on the location and severity of a tumour. - [Why do we lose bone as
we age?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/why-do-we-lose-bone-as-we-age/) - The aging process creates many changes in the human body. From skin appearance and its diminishing elasticity to the effects aging has on the efficiency of the immune system, all aspects of this natural process can take their toll on various parts of the body. Because of this, it is important to live healthily by - [Who is at risk for
bone disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/who-is-at-risk-for-bone-disease/) - There are groups of individuals who are at greater risk than others of developing certain health conditions and diseases. This is also the case when considering who is most at risk of developing bone conditions. When it comes to bone health, it's essential to understand who is at risk for developing bone diseases and why. - [What can alternative
medicine treat?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-can-alternative-medicine-treat/) - [Why do people use
alternative medicine?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/why-do-people-use-alternative-medicine/) - [Treatments For Bone Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/treatments-for-bone-diseases/) - Many bone diseases are treated with medication and calcium supplements to improve bone strength. Bone tumours may require radiation therapy and surgery. - [What type of specialist
treats craniofacial
disorders in children?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/type-of-specialist-craniofacial/) - [How common are
craniofacial abnormalities?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/common-craniofacial-abnormalities/) - [What is a craniofacial
anomaly?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-is-a-craniofacial-anomaly/) - [What causes nasal polyps?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-nasal-polyps/) - [How common is sinusitis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-common-is-sinusitis/) - [Treatment For Muenke Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/muenke-syndrome/) - [Treatment For Micrognathia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/micrognathia/) - [Treatments For Hemihyperplasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hemihyperplasia/) - [Treatment For Fat Atrophy in Children](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/fat-atrophy-in-children/) - [Treatment for Craniofacial
Disorders in Children](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/craniofacial-disorders-in-children/) - Reconstructive surgery is a common treatment for childhood craniofacial disorders. Surgery can enhance quality of life by improving appearance and function. - [Treatment for Nose & Sinus Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/nose-sinus-disorders/) - Sinusitis can be treated with antibiotics when symptoms result from a bacterial infection. Other treatments include corticosteroids and antihistamines. - [What are the serious
effects of dehydration?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/serious-effects-of-dehydration/) - [Why are fluids so important
to overall health?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/why-fluids-important-to-health/) - [What are the risk factors
for cardiovascular disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/risk-cardiovascular-disease/) - [What are circulatory
diseases caused by?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/circulatory-diseases-caused-by/) - [Dehydration Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/dehydration/) - Fluid replenishment is a key treatment when a person is dehydrated. For severe issues, hospitalization may be required to provide fluids intravenously. - [Treatment for Circulatory
System Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/circulatory-system-diseases/) - Medications, such as anticoagulants and diuretics, are a common treatment for circulatory diseases. More serious issues can also be treated using surgical procedures. - [Cerebral Palsy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cerebral-palsy/) - Conditions that fall under the category of cerebral palsy impact speech, movement, and more. Along with physical therapy and surgery, symptoms of cerebral palsy are often managed with medication - [What causes birth defects?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-birth-defects/) - [What congenital diseases
cannot be prevented?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-congenital-diseases-cannot-be-prevented/) - [What are the 3 most common
diseases that affect
the muscles?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/3-diseases-affect-muscles/) - [What treatment options
exist for muscular system
diseases?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/treatment-options-muscular-system/) - [Muscular System
Disease Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/muscular-system-diseases/) - There are many treatments for muscular diseases. Depending on the condition, patients may receive medication, physical therapy, surgery, and ongoing monitoring. - [The Types of High
Blood Pressure Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/blood-pressure-medication-types/) - Many people with high blood pressure can manage their condition via certain medications. Here are some common drugs and how they can help you stay healthy. - [9 Ways To Take Control of Your
Blood Pressure and Lead
a Healthier Life](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/control-blood-pressure/) - Do you know the proper ways to keep your blood pressure in check? Here are a few steps to maintain a healthy lifestyle and avoid serious health issues. - [Navigating Nutrition with
Hemochromatosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hemochromatosis-navigating-nutrition/) - Smart food choices can help people with hemochromatosis manage their iron levels and avoid serious health effects, such as damage to the heart and liver - [Hemochromatosis: One of the
Most Misunderstood Health
Conditions](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/understanding-hemochromatosis/) - Iron is an essential nutrient, but hemochromatosis causes the body to retain excessive levels of the mineral, which can lead to serious health problems like organ damage. - [What Your Lab Results
Are not Telling You About
Metabolic Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/lab-results-and-metabolic-syndrome/) - Lab tests are vital in accurately diagnosing metabolic syndrome, but they fail to paint a complete picture of a person’s health condition - [Metabolic Syndrome and
Navigating the Silent Spiral](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/metabolic-syndrome-silent-spiral/) - Metabolic syndrome is sometimes referred to as the “silent spiral” because most people do not experience ill-effects in the early stages. However, serious health issues will occur without treatment. - [Treatment for Congenital Heart Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/congenital-heart-disease-treatment/) - For people with congenital heart disease, medication often plays a role in the treatment process. Here are some common heart drugs and how they work. - [Cardiac Arrest Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cardiac-arrest/) - Medications like antiarrhythmics, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and calcium antagonists are commonly used to treat sudden cardiac arrest and prevent more serious effects. - [Ischemic Heart Disease Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/ischemic-heart-disease/) - Myocardial ischemia requires medications that enhance blood flow to the heart. This includes calcium antagonists, beta blockers, nitrates, ACE inhibitors, and cholesterol drugs. - [Cardiomyopathy Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cardiomyopathy/) - With cardiomyopathy, doctors often prescribe medications like diuretics, corticosteroids, beta blockers, and antiarrhythmics to reduce the risk of serious complications. - [Pericardial Disease Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/pericardial-disease/) - Over-the-counter pain relievers, including aspirin and ibuprofen, colchicine, and corticosteroids are often recommended to treat the symptoms of pericarditis. - [Rheumatic Heart Disease
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/rheumatic-heart-disease/) - Antibiotics treat the underlying bacterial infection that causes rheumatic heart disease. Doctors also recommend steroids to decrease inflammation of the heart valve. - [Treatment for Heart Valve
Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/heart-valve-disease/) - While other treatments are often required, medications like diuretics, calcium antagonists, and beta blockers can help manage symptoms of heart valve disease. - [Treatment for Heart
Arrhythmias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/heart-arrhythmias/) - Antiarrhythmic medications are a common treatment for patients with heart arrhythmias. These drugs include anticoagulants, beta blockers, and calcium antagonists. - [Heart Attack Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/heart-attack/) - Medications like blood thinners, nitro-glycerine, clot busters, statins, and ACE inhibitors are commonly used to reduce the risk of serious heart attack complications. - [Angina Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/angina/) - Statins, beta blockers, and calcium antagonists are common medications doctors prescribe when a person experiences angina. These drugs are effective at lessening symptoms. - [Treatment for Coronary
Artery Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/coronary-artery-disease/) - Doctors can prescribe a variety of drugs to treat coronary artery disease, including cholesterol medications, beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, and nitro-glycerine. - [Heart Failure Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/heart-failure/) - With heart failure, doctors often recommend beta blockers, calcium antagonists, and ACE inhibitors to improve heart function and boost a patient’s health outlook. - [Carpenter Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/carpenter-syndrome/) - Carpenter syndrome is an incredibly rare genetic disorder that can affect how a baby’s skull bones fuse together. This condition can lead to a range of effects and is often treated via surgery. - [Treatments For Angelman Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/angelman-syndrome/) - [Spina Bifida](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/spina-bifida/) - While medication cannot treat spina bifida directly, it can help manage some of the health effects associated with the condition - [Treatments For Fragile X Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/fragile-x-syndrome/) - [Congenital Heart Disease
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/congenital-heart-disease/) - For patients with congenital heart disease, doctors may recommend vasodilators, diuretics, anticoagulants, and antiarrhythmic medications to manage symptoms. - [Treatment For a Cleft Palate](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cleft-palate/) - [Treatment For a Cleft Lip](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cleft-lip/) - [Congenital Disorder
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/congenital-disorder/) - Congenital disorders can be treated using surgical and non-surgical options depending on the condition. In some cases, lifetime treatment is required to manage the effects. - [Who is most at risk
for fungal diseases?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/risk-for-fungal-diseases/) - [What are the 4 most
common fungal infections?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/4-most-common-fungal-infections/) - [Fungal Disease Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/fungal-diseases/) - Antifungal drugs can effectively treat a variety of fungal diseases. These medications can be taken orally, applied to the skin, or added to shampoos to relieve symptoms. - [Treatment For Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/pneumocystis-pneumonia/) - [Aspergillosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/aspergillosis/) - While antifungals are typically used to treat aspergillosis, other medications can also help manage symptoms and prevent possible complications. - [Treatments For Coccidioidomycosis
(Valley Fever)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/coccidioidomycosis/) - [Why Am I Forming
Kidney Stones?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/forming-kidney-stones/) - Family history, poor diet, and lack of exercise can all contribute to the formation of kidney stones. This highlights the importance of knowing your risk factors. - [How Can I Prevent a
Reoccurrence of
Kidney Stones?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/prevent-kidney-stones/) - Drinking plenty of water each day can greatly reduce your risk of developing kidney stones in the future. Hydration is especially important for active people. - [Treatment for Bladder Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/bladder-cancer/) - Medications, including chemotherapy and immunosuppressants, can be used to treat bladder cancer. Your doctor will provide more information on which drugs will work best for you. - [Overactive Bladder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/overactive-bladder/) - An uncomfortable and oftentimes embarrassing condition, an overactive bladder can usually be controlled with medication. Doctors may also recommend other treatments. - [Cystitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/urologic-cystitis/) - Cystitis is a bladder infection that causes inflammation. While this infection often results from bacteria, in some cases the underlying cause may not be fully understood. - [Urologic & Bladder Disorder
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/urologic-bladder-disorder/) - Urologic and bladder conditions can be treated using a variety of methods. This includes medication, surgical procedures, and tissue reconstruction to ensure proper function. - [What disorders can
be detected through
neonatal screening?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/disorders-detected-through-neonatal-screening/) - [What factors may
influence neonatal
development?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/factors-influence-neonatal-development/) - [Treatments For Neonatal Asphyxia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/neonatal-asphyxia/) - Neonatal asphyxia is a medical condition where a baby is born without enough oxygen. This can happen before, during, or immediately after pregnancy and is one of the most frightening conditions for a new parent to witness. Neonatal asphyxia is also known as birth asphyxia or perinatal asphyxia, and it can have serious complications if - [Treatments For Neonatal Apnoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/neonatal-apnoea/) - Neonatal apnoea is a condition that affects newborn babies. Those with the condition experience periods of between 10 and 20 seconds where they do not take a breath. This can be caused by several things, including a neurological deficit where the brain is not telling the lungs to breathe or by a blockage that is - [Treatment for Neonatal Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/neonatal-bronchopulmonary-dysplasia/) - Neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a respiratory disease affecting newborns, but especially premature birth. A premature newborn’s lungs are often underdeveloped, so their body may not receive and exchange the normal oxygen requirements. If this occurs, the newborn will require additional breathing support, either in the form of a mechanical ventilator or long-term oxygen therapy. Though - [Treatment For Neonatal Bradycardia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/neonatal-bradycardia/) - Neonatal bradycardia refers to a condition where newborn babies have a heart rhythm that is slower than normal. In babies, bradycardia refers to any time the heart rate is less than 100 beats per minute. While neonatal bradycardia can happen to all infants, it is most common in babies that are born prematurely. It is - [Treatment For Neonatal Aspiration](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/neonatal-aspiration/) - [Treatment for Neonatal Anaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/neonatal-anaemia/) - [Treatment For ABO Incompatibility](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/abo-incompatibility/) - [Neonatal Disorder
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/neonatal-disorder/) - Treatment of neonatal disorders depends on the condition. Medication, surgical procedures, and ongoing therapy are all common options for dealing with the effects of disorders. - [Intracranial Hematoma (ICH)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/intracranial-hematoma-ich/) - Treatment of intracranial hematoma, which is clotted blood that accumulates in the skull, varies according to the severity of the condition. However, medication often plays a role in the treatment plan - [Skull Fracture](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/skull-fracture/) - Many skull fractures are minor and heal on their own, but certain medications can benefit you during the recovery process - [Concussion](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/concussion/) - Rest is usually the best treatment for a concussion, but certain over-the-counter pain medication can manage symptoms during the healing process - [Disorders of Fat Digestion](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/disorders-fat-digestion/) - For people with disorders of fat digestion, enzyme therapy and vitamin supplementation are often necessary to ensure proper intake of fat and essential nutrients. - [Disorders of Amino Acid Absorption](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/amino-acid-absorption/) - Amino acid disorders inhibit the body’s ability to use proteins in food effectively. There are many types of amino acid disorders and treatment can depend on the specific type a person experiences - [Carbohydrate Malabsorption](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/carbohydrate-malabsorption/) - Dietary changes can relieve the effects of carbohydrate malabsorption, but people with this condition may need additional treatment to make up for nutrient deficits. - [What are two major factors
that contribute to
children's health?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/two-major-factors-contribute-to-childrens-health/) - [What does vaping
do to your lungs?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-does-vaping-do-to-your-lungs/) - [What are the health risks
of vaping & e-cigarettes?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-are-the-health-risks-of-vaping-e-cigarettes/) - [What are the most
common bug bites?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/most-common-bug-bites/) - [What insect carries
the most diseases?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-insect-carries-the-most-diseases/) - [Lipoid Pneumonia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/lipoid-pneumonia/) - Lipoid pneumonia results from fatty particles entering the lungs. The condition can be caused by external sources, or it can result from another medical condition or disorder. - [Popcorn Lung](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/popcorn-lung/) - Popcorn lung is a breathing condition that can cause major issues over time. While the condition cannot be cured, the right treatment can provide relief from symptoms. - [Children’s Health](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/childrens-health/) - Numerous factors can affect a child’s development and overall health. By taking the right steps, parents can help their children thrive during childhood and beyond. - [Treatment for E-Cigarettes & Vaping Conditions](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/e-cigarettes-vaping/) - Vaping can cause injury to the lungs, which are usually treated with medications like antibiotics or corticosteroids. Respiratory support may also be needed for severe issues. - [Insect Bite Disease
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/insect-bite-disease/) - Treatment of insect bite diseases depends on the specific affliction. Some require bed rest and fluids, while others are treated with medication, such as antibiotics. - [What does the blood
pressure measurement mean?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-does-the-blood-pressure-measurement-mean/) - [What is the normal
pulse rate?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-is-the-normal-pulse-rate/) - [What are 4 common disorders
of the lymphatic system?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/common-disorders-of-lymphatic-system/) - [What is the lymphatic system?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-is-the-lymphatic-system/) - [Treatments For Intestinal Lymphangiectasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/treatments-for-intestinal-lymphangiectasia/) - [Treatment For Gorham's Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/gorhams-disease/) - [Treatments For Podoconiosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/treatments-for-podoconiosis-2/) - [Treatment For Filariasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/filariasis/) - [Treatments For Lymphedema](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/lymphedema/) - [Treatment for Lymphatic Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/lymphatic-disorders/) - Treatment of lymphatic disorders includes exercise, medication, manual drainage, and surgery. Your doctor can develop a personalized plan after diagnosing the disorder. - [Respiration Rate](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/respiration-rate/) - [Pulse Rate](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/pulse-rate/) - [Body Temperature](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/body-temperature/) - [Blood Pressure](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/blood-pressure/) - [What are the characteristics
of a restrictive lung disorder?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-are-the-characteristics-of-a-restrictive-lung-disorder/) - [What symptom is most
common in
respiratory diseases?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/symptom-most-common-in-respiratory-diseases/) - [Treatments For Pleural Effusions](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/pleural-effusions/) - [Small Cell Lung Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/sclc-treatment/) - Like other types of cancer, small cell lung cancer can be treated with medication, radiation therapy, and surgery. The specific treatment depends on the scope and severity of the cancer, and the health of the patient. - [Cylindrical (or Tubular) Bronchiectasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cylindrical-bronchiectasis-treatment/) - Certain medications can treat the health effects of cylindrical bronchiectasis, a lung condition that is linked to cystic fibrosis. These medications can fight infections and improve lung function. - [Treatments For Emphysema](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/emphysema/) - [Chronic Bronchitis Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/chronic-bronchitis/) - [Treatments For Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/chronic-pulmonary-disease/) - [Respiratory Illnesses &
Diseases Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/respiratory-illnesses-diseases/) - Some respiratory illnesses can be treated with home remedies, while others require advanced treatment. It typically depends on the cause and severity of the ailment. - [What causes orthopaedic
problems?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-orthopaedic-problems/) - [What conditions can
orthopaedic doctors treat?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-conditions-can-orthopaedic-doctors-treat/) - [Treatments For Scoliosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/treatments-for-scoliosis/) - [Treatment For Soft Tissue Injuries](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/treatment-for-soft-tissue-injuries/) - [Orthopaedic Disorder
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/orthopaedic-disorders/) - Physical therapy and orthopaedic devices are often used to treat orthopaedic issues. When a disorder causes severe issues, doctors may recommend a surgical procedure. - [Can Bacterial Conjunctivitis
Be a Sign of a More
Serious Infection?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/serious-conjunctivitis-infection-signs/) - Most cases of bacterial pink eye are minor, but some infections may have more serious underlying causes. Here is what you need to know about eye infections and their severity. - [Recurring Bacterial Conjunctivitis:
Why It Keeps Coming Back and
How to Stop It](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/recurring-bacterial-conjunctivitis/) - If you experience repeated bouts of bacterial pink eye, your hygiene practices might be in need of improvement. Here are some steps you can take - [Viral vs. Bacterial Conjunctivitis:
Know the Difference](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/viral-or-bacterial-conjunctivitis/) - Despite some similarities, knowing the difference between viral and bacterial eye infections is vital for finding the right treatment and effectively mitigating symptoms. - [Tips on Effectively Managing
Viral Pink Eye](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/managing-viral-pink-eye/) - In most cases, home remedies are effective at managing the symptoms of viral pink eye. Here are some home care solutions that may offer relief - [Gestational Diabetes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/diabetes-during-pregnancy/) - While gestational diabetes is a concerning pregnancy complication, it can be effectively managed with lifestyle changes and medication - [Pregnancy Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/pregnancy-hypertension/) - Treatment of pregnancy hypertension can involve the use of prescription medications, but these medications must be administered carefully to prevent harm to the mother or child. - [Subungual Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/subungual-hematoma/) - Subungual hematomas are usually minor injuries that affect fingernails and toenails. They do not often cause significant health problems, but medical treatment may be needed for more serious issues - [Intracranial Epidural Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/intracranial-hematoma/) - A head injury can cause an intracranial epidural hematoma, which is a collection of blood that accumulates within the skull or brain. Treatment typically includes surgery. - [Spinal Epidural Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/spinal-hematoma/) - Surgery is usually necessary when treating spinal epidural hematoma, but medications can also help manage symptoms and prevent worsening effects. - [Hemochromatosis Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hemochromatosis/) - While blood removal is the most common treatment for hemochromatosis, doctors may also provide a medication that helps the body eliminate excess iron through the bladder and bowel. - [7 things to know about
developmental disabilities](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/things-to-know-developmental-disabilities/) - [What causes developmental
disabilities?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-developmental-disabilities/) - [What is a developmental
disability?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-is-a-developmental-disability/) - [Developmental
Disorder Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/developmental-disorders/) - Children with developmental disorders usually require a combination of treatments, including therapy, medication, and ongoing monitoring to track progress. - [Subdural Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/subdural-hematoma/) - Along with surgery, subdural hematomas can be managed with certain medications, which prevent more serious health problems from occurring. - [Heart Disease Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/heart-disease/) - Heart medications control plaque build-up, abnormal blood clotting, and high blood pressure. A physician can help find the best medication for your health needs. - [The Main Causes
of Heart Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/causes-heart-disease/) - Understanding the different types and causes of heart disease ensures you can get timely treatment when necessary. Here are a few important facts to consider. - [How To Reduce Your
Risk of Heart Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/reduce-risk-heart-disease/) - It’s often possible to greatly reduce your heart disease risk by taking the right steps. Here are a few steps you can take to maintain your heart health. - [How can I prevent my
hearing loss from getting
worse?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/prevent-hearing-loss-from-getting-worse/) - [What are the 3 factors
that affect hearing loss?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/3-factors-affect-hearing-loss/) - [Auditory Ear Nerve Hearing Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/auditory-ear-nerve/) - With auditory ear nerve hearing loss, the inner ear can pick up sound, but issues with the transfer of sound signals to the brain impede hearing. The effects of this condition range from mild to severe - [Inner Ear Hearing Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/inner-ear/) - While many people with inner ear hearing loss benefit from hearing aids and other devices, medications like corticosteroids and diuretics can also help. Here is what you should know - [Middle Ear Hearing Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/middle-ear/) - Along with assistive devices and surgical procedures, some forms of middle ear hearing loss can be treated with medication. Learn more about potential treatments and how they work. - [Treatment for Hearing Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hearing-loss/) - While there’s no cure for hearing loss, hearing aids, listening devices, and cochlear implants can restore some level of function to improve a person’s quality of life. - [What are the most
common disorders of
the biliary system?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/common-disorders-biliary-system/) - [How can I prevent
bile duct problems?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/prevent-bile-duct-problems/) - [Bile Duct Disease
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/bile-duct-diseases/) - The effects of bile duct diseases can be treated with medication, such as antibiotics. In the event of a bile duct obstruction, surgical procedures can help. - [What types of rashes
do not itch?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/types-of-rashes-do-not-itch/) - [When should I be concerned
about a skin rash?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/when-should-be-concerned-skin-rash/) - [Ringworm](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/ringworm/) - A type of fungal infection, ringworm can impact multiple areas of the body, including fingernails and toenails. Here is how this common health condition is treated - [Impetigo](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/impetigo/) - A common skin rash affecting very young children, impetigo is treated with medicated ointments, as well as oral antibiotics when the condition is more serious. - [Psoriasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/psoriasis/) - Medicated topical treatments are often the first line of defense when it comes to psoriasis. Here’s how these medications relieve psoriasis symptoms. - [Treatment For Urticaria](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/urticaria/) - [Treatment For Contact Dermatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/contact-dermatitis/) - [Skin Rash Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/skin-rash/) - Topical treatments, such as creams and lotions, are often recommended to relieve the effects of skin rashes. Topical medication is available with and without a prescription. - [What is the best way
to protect baby
during sleep?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/best-way-to-protect-baby-during-sleep/) - [When can a parent stop
worrying about SIDs?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/worrying-about-sids/) - [What does watch and wait
or watchful waiting mean?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/watchful-waiting/) - [What are the 3 main reasons
for blood disorders?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/3-main-reasons-for-blood-disorders/) - [What causes venous
disorders?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-venous-disorders/) - [What are the success rates
of venous treatments?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/success-rates-of-venous-treatments/) - [What causes jaundice
in a newborn child?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-jaundice-newborn-child/) - [What is the most common
cause of jaundice?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/common-cause-of-jaundice/) - [Hepatic Jaundice](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hepatic-jaundice/) - Hepatic jaundice results from liver damage, which prevents the organ from functioning effectively. Common causes of liver damage include excessive drinking, drug use, and infections. - [Pre-Hepatic Jaundice](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/pre-hepatic-jaundice/) - [Jaundice Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/jaundice/) - Adults often do not require treatment for jaundice. However, any underlying medical issues, such as liver dysfunction, contributing to jaundice will require treatment. - [The Emotional Effects of
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/temporal-lobe-epilepsy-emotional-effect/) - Temporal lobe epilepsy is mostly associated with troubling physical symptoms, but this health condition can also substantially impact a person's mood and emotions. - [How Temporal Lobe Seizures
Affect Recall and Cognition](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/temporal-lobe-seizures-impact/) - Without the right treatment and management, temporal lobe seizures can eventually lead to neurocognitive decline. - [The Overlapping Symptoms
of Neurological and
Psychiatric Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/the-overlapping-symptoms-of-neurological-and-psychiatric-disorders/) - Symptoms like depression and anxiety can be a factor in both neurological and psychiatric disorders. To accurately diagnose these conditions, a doctor’s assessment is necessary. - [Triggers and Treatments:
A Guide to Managing
Focal Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/managing-focal-seizures/) - Focal seizures can sometimes be triggered by certain occurrences, and understanding these triggers can help you better manage your health. - [Understanding PTSD in
Everyday Trauma Survivors](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/understanding-ptsd/) - Managing PTSD on a day-to-day basis is complex, but the right treatment and support can help trauma survivors thrive over time. - [The Science of Trauma:
How PTSD Rewires the
Brain and Body](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/the-science-of-trauma-how-ptsd-rewires-the-brain-and-body/) - A past traumatic experience can cause significant emotional effects, but it can also affect the physical structure of your brain. - [OCD in the Digital Age:
How Social Media and the
Internet Impact Symptoms](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/social-media-symptom-impact/) - Despite the benefits of the internet and social media, they may worsen the symptoms of people experiencing OCD - [Is There a Connection
Between OCD and
Perfectionism?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/connection-between-ocd-perfectionism/) - While perfectionism isn’t technically a symptom of OCD, many people with this disorder struggle with holding themselves to unrealistic standards. - [Treatment for Venous Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/venous-disorders/) - Medications, compression garments, and lifestyle changes are common treatments for venous disorders. Doctors can also use surgical procedures to limit ill-effects. - [Blood Disorder
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/blood-disorders/) - While it depends on the blood disorder, these conditions are often treated with anticoagulant medications and corticosteroids. Your doctor can provide more information. - [What If I Cannot Stick to
the Recommended
Immunisation Schedule
For My Child/Children?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/cant-stick-to-recommended-immunisation-schedule/) - [Are Immunisations Safe?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/are-immunisations-safe/) - [Immunisations](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/immunisations/) - [Who is most at risk of
water-related diseases?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/most-at-risk-water-related-diseases/) - Babies, pregnant women, the elderly, and people with chronic health conditions have a higher risk of contracting a water-related disease. Here are a few facts to keep in mind. - [What are the main causes
of water-related diseases?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/main-causes-water-related-diseases/) - Pathogens in water can cause major health effects when swallowed. Here’s how you can protect yourself if you live in an area known for water contamination. - [Water-Related Disease
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/water-related-diseases/) - Several medications are used to treat waterborne diseases. For instance, antibiotics can kill bacteria, while antihelminthics are effective at killing parasitic worms. - [How Long Can Botulism Last?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/botulism-timeline/) - The effects of botulism can last for a long time after a person experiences symptoms. Accordingly, finding the right treatment is key to preventing more serious complications - [Can You Prevent Botulism?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/botulism-prevention/) - Botulism can cause serious health problems and may even be life-threatening in some cases. However, taking the right steps can help you avoid infections and subsequent ill-effects - [Treatment for Botulism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/botulism/) - Antitoxin is a common treatment for botulism. While the drug is effective at preventing new issues from occurring, it cannot treat existing damage caused by botulism. - [Who is Most at Risk For EBV?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/who-is-most-at-risk-for-ebv/) - The Epstein-Barr virus is most prevalent in teens and adults. While the illness can also impact children, symptoms are usually either mild or non-existent. - [What Autoimmune Disorders
are Linked to EBV?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/autoimmune-disorders-linked-to-ebv/) - Certain autoimmune disorders actually have links to the Epstein-Barr virus. Here’s what you should know if you believe you have a higher risk of contracting EBV. - [How Long Should We
Try to Conceive Before
We See a Doctor?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-long-before-we-see-doctor/) - Couples are encouraged to visit a doctor if they’re unable to conceive over a certain period of time. Here’s what you can do if you suspect infertility is playing a role. - [How Common is Infertility?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-common-is-infertility/) - Infertility is a common issue that can impact both men and women. Fortunately, there are treatments available that can increase the chance of conception. - [Epstein-Barr Virus Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/epstein-barr-virus/) - As a viral infection, Epstein-Barr sometimes requires antiviral medication. Ibuprofen and acetaminophen are also effective for lessening symptoms until the infection passes. - [Genital Ulcers](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/genital-ulcers/) - Genital ulcers, which are caused by viral and bacterial infections, most often result from sexually transmitted diseases. Treatment of genital ulcers typically depends on the underlying cause - [Prostate Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/prostate-cancer/) - In addition to radiation treatment and surgery, prostate cancer can also be treated with medication. Here are some common cancer medications and how they work - [Treatment for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/pcos/) - Polycystic ovary syndrome affects hormones and typically appears during a woman’s reproductive years. Symptoms often include: Irregular menstruation The formation of cysts on the ovaries Abnormally high levels of androgen Androgens are sex hormones that contribute to male characteristics. As a result, women with PCOS may develop excessive hair on the face and body or - [Treatment for Interstitial Cystitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/interstitial-cystitis/) - Interstitial cystitis causes bladder irritation that can often be painful. It’s not clear why this chronic condition occurs, but it’s more likely to impact men than women. Other risk factors include age, as interstitial cystitis normally impacts people in their 30s or older. Additionally, people with an existing chronic pain disorder are more likely to - [Gynaecologic Cancer Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/gynaecologic-cancer/) - Gynaecologic cancer affects a women’s reproductive organs, such as the ovaries, cervix, uterus, vagina, and vulva. While all women can develop gynaecologic cancer, the risk of these ailments increases as a woman grows older. - [Treatment for Uterine Fibroids](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/uterine-fibroids/) - Uterine fibroids are most likely to occur during a woman’s reproductive years. These small growths rarely develop into cancer, but certain types can negatively affect a woman’s chances of conception. Uterine fibroids can range in size and number. While symptoms like pelvic pain and heavy menstruation can occur, many women do not detect any symptoms - [Treatment for Endometriosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/endometriosis/) - [Penile Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/penile-disorders/) - While it depends on the cause of the condition, many common penile disorders are treated with medication. Here is what you can expect if you experience a penile disorder - [Infertility Disorders in Men](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/male-infertility-disorders/) - While it depends on the cause of the condition, many common penile disorders are treated with medication. Here is what you can expect if you experience a penile disorder - [Infertility & Reproduction
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/infertility-reproduction/) - Medications can address ovulation disorders in women. These include drugs like metformin, letrozole, and clomiphene citrate, which treat underlying fertility issues. - [6 Disorders that are signs
of an unhealthy pancreas](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/6-signs-of-unhealthy-pancreas/) - [7 Symptoms of Pancreas
Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/7-symptoms-of-pancreas-problems/) - Are you concerned that you may be experiencing a problem with your pancreas? Here are seven signs to look for to ensure you can access the medical assistance you need. - [Pancreatic Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/pancreatic-treatment/) - In addition to surgery, doctors can prescribe certain medications to treat pancreatic cancer and help reduce ill-effects associated with this condition. - [Interstitial Oedematous Pancreatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/interstitial-pancreatitis/) - A subtype of acute pancreatitis, treatment of interstitial oedematous pancreatitis can involve pain medications, antibiotics, and other therapies. - [Hereditary Pancreatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hereditary-pancreatitis/) - In some people, recurrent bouts of pancreatitis can result from genetic mutations. While the condition cannot be cured, treatment can help manage symptoms. - [Medications for Disorders
of the Pancreas](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/disorders-of-the-pancreas/) - Treatment of pancreatic disorders varies according to the type of disorder. People with pancreatitis are often provided with pain medicine, while cystic fibrosis patients can receive antibiotics. - [What is used to detect
abnormalities of the
oesophagus?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/detect-abnormalities-oesophagus/) - Medical staff can use a probe to detect disorders affecting the oesophagus. Probes are often utilized during endoscopic procedures to determine the dimensions of the oesophagus. - [How do you assess an
oesophageal disorder?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/assess-oesophageal-disorder/) - Doctors use a range of procedures and tests to diagnose oesophageal disorders. From there, your physician can recommend a treatment that provides relief from symptoms. - [Barrett's Oesophagus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/barretts-oesophagus/) - Barrett's oesophagus is a condition that often results from untreated GERD. Addressing the effects of GERD can help heal the oesophagus and avoid more serious complications. - [Achalasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/achalasia/) - Treatment for achalasia, a health condition that affects how well the oesophageal sphincter functions when eating and drinking, usually involves surgery. However, medication may be used as an alternative. - [Treatments For Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/gerd/) - [Dysphagia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/dysphagia/) - Dysphagia, a condition that causes difficulty swallowing, can sometimes be treated with medication. However, treatment depends on the underlying cause. - [Pigment Gallstones](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/pigment-gallstones/) - Surgery is the most effective treatment for pigment gallstones, but doctors may recommend medication if surgery is not a suitable option - [Cholesterol Gallstones](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/cholesterol-gallstones/) - While surgery is the most common treatment for cholesterol gallstones, medication can also be beneficial in some cases. - [Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Women:
Why It is More Common
Than You Think](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/iron-deficiency-anaemia-in-women/) - Women often have a higher risk of experiencing iron deficiency anaemia, and for many women, heavy menstruation is the underlying cause of this condition - [Can Lifestyle Changes Manage
Iron Deficiency Anaemia
Effectively?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/managing-iron-deficiency-anaemia/) - Adding more iron-rich foods to your diet is often effective for treating iron deficiency anaemia. Iron supplements can also be beneficial. - [Oesophagus Disorder
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/oesophagus-disorders/) - For people with esophagitis, treatments include receptor blocking drugs and over the counter antacids, which can reduce uncomfortable symptoms. - [Dental Decay](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/dental-decay/) - When dental decay is caught early enough, dentists can use fluoride treatment to reverse its effects. Otherwise, cavities require dental procedures like fillings and crowns to repair - [Cold Sores (Herpes)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/herpes-sores/) - While they rarely cause serious health effects, cold sores can be embarrassing and bothersome. When it comes to treatment, doctors can provide antiviral medication to speed up healing - [Denture Stomatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/denture-stomatitis/) - Also known as thrush, denture stomatitis often affects denture wearers, but other people may experience it as well. This mouth problem usually causes mild to moderate discomfort and can be treated with medication - [Medications for
Mouth Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/mouth-problems/) - Oral disorders, such as canker sores, can be treated with sucralfate and steroid medications, as well as topical ointments and gels to relieve pain and ease symptoms. - [5 Facts about Hypothermia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/5-facts-hypothermia/) - Hypothermia can be deadly, so knowing how to protect yourself in extreme cold temperatures is crucial to avoiding serious health effects. Here’s what you can do. - [Other than being outside in
the cold, what are some
common precipitating factors
that cause people to
develop hypothermia?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/common-factors-that-cause-hypothermia/) - Along with extreme cold temperatures, risk factors for hypothermia include age, lack of adequate clothing and shelter, and consumption of alcohol and other drugs. - [Severe Hypothermia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/severe-hypothermia/) - Severe episodes of hypothermia can be life-threatening if proper treatment is not received immediately. Doctors use rewarming treatments to increase a person's core body temperature and prevent serious effects - [Moderate Hypothermia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/moderate-hypothermia/) - Hypothermia can cause serious health effects, including loss of life, if proper treatment is not sought right away. That is why medical attention is recommended for this potentially life-threatening condition - [Mild Hypothermia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/mild-hypothermia/) - Hypothermia occurs when a person’s body temperature falls below 95 degrees Fahrenheit. While most people recover from mild bouts of hypothermia, timely treatment is crucial to prevent more serious health problems - [Hypothermia Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hypothermia/) - Along with other types of therapies, antidysrhythmic medications can treat hypothermia by remedying the irregular heart rhythms that may result from the medical condition. - [What type of infection
does MRSA cause?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-type-of-infection-does-mrsa-cause/) - MRSA is most often associated with skin infections, but it can also affect the lungs and other areas of the body. Timely medical care can prevent worsening effects. - [What is the most common
way for a Staph Infection
to spread?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/most-common-way-staph-infection-to-spread/) - Skin to skin contact is a major factor in the transmission of staph infections, but handling an infected object can also spread germs from person to person. - [Treatment for Staphylococcus
Aureus Infection (Staph Infections)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/staph-infections/) - Staph infections are treated with antibiotics, which eliminate illness-causing bacteria in the body. With severe infections, doctors may use a powerful antibiotic called vancomycin. - [Orgasm Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/orgasm-disorders/) - Treatment of orgasm disorders is often complex, as these sexual health issues can have numerous causes and contributing factors. - [What Medical Problems
Are Caused By
Sickle Cell Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical-problemscaused-by-sickle-cell/) - Sickle cell anaemia is linked to health issues like pulmonary hypertension, stroke, organ damage, and other conditions. Treatment can reduce the risk of complications. - [3 Interesting Facts About
Sickle Cell Anaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/interesting-facts-sickle-cell-anaemia/) - Sickle cell anaemia is a misunderstood disease, so it’s important for those affected to know the facts. With the right information, you may avoid serious health effects. - [What Does A Metabolic
Disorder Diagnosis Mean
For My Health?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/metabolic-disorder-health/) - Metabolic disorders can increase the risk of certain health issues, such as hypertension, elevated cholesterol levels, high blood glucose, and excess body fat. - [What Are the Most Common
Metabolic Disorders?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-are-the-most-common-metabolic-disorders/) - Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder, as it’s estimated to affect 537 million adults globally. Less common disorders include hemochromatosis and Tay-Sachs. - [What Are Gallstones?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-are-gallstones/) - Gallstones are hardened portions of bile, a digestive fluid produced by the gallbladder. Symptoms of gallstones include abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. - [What Does the Gallbladder Do?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-does-the-gallbladder-do/) - The gallbladder stores and supplies bile to the small intestine to promote the digestion of fat. Gallbladder dysfunction can cause nausea, bloating, and diarrhoea. - [Paracoccidioidomycosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/paracoccidioidomycosis/) - Treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis, a type of fungal infection, usually involves antifungal medications, as well as certain types of antibiotics. - [Cryptococcus Gattii Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cryptococcus-gattii/) - Antifungals are used to treat cryptococcal disease, which results from inhaling Cryptococcus gattii fungal spores. The type of medication used depends on the severity of the symptoms. - [Blastomycosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/blastomycosis/) - Blastomycosis is an infection caused by a type of fungus often found in the dirt. Antifungal medication is the common course of treatment for this condition - [Treatment for Metabolic Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/metabolic-disorders/) - A variety of medication is used to treat metabolic disorders, including those that regulate blood pressure and blood glucose levels, as well as cholesterol medications. - [Gallbladder Polyps & Tumours](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/polyps-tumours/) - Most gallbladder polyps are benign, and in many cases do not cause symptoms. Rarely, gallbladder growths can develop into cancer, which requires surgical removal of the organ - [Cholecystitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cholecystitis/) - While medication cannot cure cholecystitis, also known as gallbladder inflammation, pain medicines and antibiotics can play a role in the treatment of this condition. - [Gallstones](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/gallstones/) - Medication can sometimes be used to treat gallstones, but most people with this condition undergo surgery when symptoms arise. - [Gangrenous Cholecystitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/gangrenous-cholecystitis/) - Also known as gangrene of the gallbladder, gangrenous cholecystitis can lead to serious complications if left untreated. Surgery is the most common treatment for this condition, but medication can also help - [Lung Cancer and the Immune System:
The Rise of Immunotherapy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/lung-cancer-immunotherapy/) - Immunotherapy offers another way to treat lung cancer by enhancing how the immune system targets cancerous cells. - [Early Detection Methods:
Can Blood Tests Replace
Liver Biopsies?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/early-detection-liver-disease/) - Liver biopsies can be uncomfortable and costly for patients, but they are often necessary to accurately diagnose liver cancer. - [Rare and Unusual Subtypes of
Kidney Cancer: What Patients
Should Know](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/kidney-cancer-subtypes/) - In addition to renal cell carcinoma, the most common form of kidney cancer, there are many rarer subtypes of the disease. Here is what you should know. - [Microbiome Imbalance and
Endometrial Cancer Risk](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/microbiome-imbalance-endometrial-cancer/) - Along with established risk factors, emerging research indicates that a microbiome imbalance could play a role in the occurrence of endometrial cancer. - [Diagnosis and Staging of
Endometrial Cancer: What
You Need to Know](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/endometrial-cancer-diagnosis/) - Along with diagnosis, the staging of endometrial cancer is key in finding swift and effective treatment for this common disease. - [Metabolic Syndrome and Kidney
Cancer: Understanding the Link](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/kidney-cancer-metabolic-syndrome/) - While further investigation is needed, medical research suggests that people with metabolic syndrome have a higher risk of developing kidney cancer. - [Pain Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/sex-pain-disorder/) - Known by its clinical name dyspareunia, pain during or after sex can lead to significant personal dissatisfaction, while also possibly harming romantic relationships. - [Arousal Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/arousal-disorders/) - Problems with getting physically or mentally stimulated by sex can often be addressed with medication and other treatments, depending on the underlying cause of the issue - [Desire Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/desire-disorders/) - Sexual desire disorders can be treated with medication, but lifestyle changes and therapy are also beneficial for addressing this common issue. - [How is Autism Diagnosed?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-is-autism-diagnosed/) - An autism diagnosis requires an assessment of a person's pattern of behaviour and development. While often detected early, some people don’t receive a diagnosis until adulthood. - [10 Facts About ADHD](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/10-facts-about-adhd/) - Proper management of ADHD can greatly improve a person's focus and attention. Here are some important facts to increase your understanding of the disorder. - [What Are Some of The
Warning Signs of Sleep
Deprivation?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/warning-signs-sleep-deprivation/) - Sleep deprivation can cause a wide range of health problems, some of which can be serious. Here are a few indications that you’re deprived of sleep and what you can do about them. - [What Are the Risk Factors
for Sleep Disorders?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-are-the-risk-factors-for-sleep-disorders/) - Understanding the risk factors associated with certain sleep disorders can help you manage the issue and get a good night’s sleep. Here are some factors to consider. - [Are There Any Symptoms
Associated With Glaucoma?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/symptoms-associated-with-glaucoma/) - Glaucoma does not always cause symptoms early on, but knowing what to look for ensures you receive treatment in a timely manner. Here are some symptoms to consider. - [What Are the Main Factors
That Cause Eye Problems?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/factors-that-cause-eye-problems/) - Certain eye conditions and diseases are extremely common. Fortunately, there are many treatments that can preserve the health of your eyes for life when you take the right steps. - [Sickle Cell Disease
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/sickle-cell-disease/) - Medications can limit the effects and complications of sickle cell disease. In severe cases, doctors may recommend a bone marrow transplant to prevent worsening effects. - [Paediatric Ear Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/paediatric-ear-infections/) - Most paediatric ear infections heal on their own with the aid of home remedies, but doctors can prescribe antibiotics when symptoms are more severe. - [Paediatric Covid-19](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/paediatric-covid-19/) - Children with a high risk of complications or those who are severely ill and must be hospitalized may receive antiviral medication to treat COVID-19 - [Developmental & Intellectual Disabilities](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/disabilities/) - When it comes to developmental and intellectual disorders, certain medications often play a role in treatment. While these medications cannot cure conditions, they can improve symptoms. - [Childhood Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/childhood-cancer/) - When it comes to paediatric cancer, treatments like medication, radiation therapy, and surgery may be recommended. Some children will receive a combination of treatments. - [Childhood Blood Clots](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/childhood-blood-clots/) - Like adults, children with dangerous blood clots can be treated with blood thinners. These medications come with certain risks, so it is important for parents to follow the advice of their paediatrician - [Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/foetal-alcohol-spectrum/) - Treatment of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders can vary according to the type and severity of symptoms, but medication is often helpful for treating certain effects. - [Treatment for Autism
Spectrum Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/autism-spectrum-disorders/) - Certain medications can help with behavioural effects associated with ASD. This includes Risperidone and Aripiprazole, which can be prescribed to children and teens. - [Asthma Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/children-asthma/) - There are a variety of medications that can help manage asthma. Some drugs work quickly to address acute attacks, while others provide relief over an extended period of time. - [Treatment for ADHD
in Children](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/adhd/) - ADHD treatments typically include different types of medication. Along with stimulant and non-stimulant drugs to improve focus, children may also be prescribed antidepressants. - [Childhood Disease Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/childhood-diseases/) - Childhood diseases can be treated via medication, surgical procedures, and therapies. Treatments approaches depend on the scope and severity of the disease. - [Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/periodic-limb-movement-disorder/) - PLMD, which causes repetitive movement of the limbs during sleep, can be treated with medication. Treatment focuses on easing the involuntary movements that accompany the disorder. - [Narcolepsy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/narcolepsy/) - People with narcolepsy can benefit from certain medications, including stimulants, antidepressants, and other prescription drugs. - [Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/circadian-rhythm-disorders/) - Circadian rhythm disorders can often be treated with melatonin supplements and lifestyle adjustments. Using stronger sleep medications may not be recommended, so talk with your doctor. - [REM Sleep Behaviour Disorder Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/rem-sleep/) - REM sleep behaviour disorder is a fairly common but potentially serious sleep condition. Rather than resting and rejuvenating during the REM sleep cycle, people with REM sleep disorder act and voice out the dreams that they are experiencing. While this may not seem like a big deal, it is very disruptive to your sleep, and - [Parasomnias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/parasomnias/) - A collection of sleep disorders, parasomnias involve abnormal behaviours and actions during sleep. Depending on the type of disorder, medication may offer benefits. - [Treatment for Hypersomnia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hypersomnia/) - Hypersomnia, also known as idiopathic hypersomnia, is a rare sleep disorder that affects your ability to stay awake during the day. People with this condition can sleep for normal or prolonged hours at night and still be exhausted throughout the day. As such, they will struggle to keep a job, perform well in school, and - [Insomnia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/insomnia/) - When it comes to insomnia, people who struggle with sleeplessness can benefit from prescription and non-prescription medications, as well as other treatments - [Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/obstructive-sleep-apnoea/) - [Central Sleep Apnoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/central-sleep-apnoea/) - Medication is just one of the many ways doctors can treat central sleep apnoea, a condition that causes a person to stop breathing frequently during the night. - [Medications for Sleep Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/sleep-disorders/) - Sleep disorder treatment entails lifestyle changes, such as avoiding caffeine and reducing stress. Medications and therapy can also help improve sleep quality. - [Trachoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/trachoma/) - Treatment of trachoma, a bacterial infection of the eyes, often involves taking antibiotic medications. In later stages, surgery may also be necessary. - [Strabismus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/strabismus/) - Medications are one of several treatments for strabismus, which is an eye disorder where one eye is misaligned. Without treatment, strabismus can lead to amblyopia, also known as lazy eye. - [Amblyopia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/amblyopia/) - Medicated eye drops are one of many treatments for amblyopia, a condition where the vision in one eye is blurry and weaker than the stronger, functional eye. - [Glaucoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/glaucoma/) - Glaucoma can lead to loss of vision, but certain medications help preserve eyesight and prevent more serious effects from occurring. - [Diabetic Retinopathy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/diabetic-retinopathy/) - Treatment of diabetic retinopathy can involve the use of injectable medications, which prevent eye-related complications from occurring and help preserve vision. - [Cataract](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cataracts/) - When it comes to cataracts surgery, doctors use antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications to manage pain and swelling during the patient's recovery - [Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/age-related-degeneration/) - Age-related macular degeneration can cause vision loss, but medications and supplements can slow down how quickly the disorder progresses - [Refractive Errors](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/refractive-errors/) - Refractive errors result from physical imperfections of the eye. Treatment typically includes corrective lenses or eye surgery, which can also involve medication. - [Medications for Eye
Disorders & Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/eye-disorders-diseases/) - Doctors use a wide range of treatments to address eye conditions. Corrective lenses, medications, and surgical procedures can preserve vision and prevent worsening effects. - [Is It Allergies or Just a Cold?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/is-it-allergies-or-just-a-cold/) - Allergies and colds share some symptoms, but there are significant differences between the two. Here’s how to determine whether it’s allergies or just a cold. - [What Is a Food Allergy?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-is-a-food-allergy/) - Do you or a family member have an allergy to certain foods? This guide explains more about food allergies, why they occur, and how you can manage them. - [Mould Allergy Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/mould-allergy/) - [Insect Allergy Treatments](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/insect-allergy/) - [Treatment for Allergies](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/allergy-treatment/) - People with allergies should avoid known triggers, such as pollen or certain foods. Antihistamine medications also provide relief, as do allergy shots. - [How Do New Systemic Treatments Affect Atopic Dermatitis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/new-treatments-atopic-dermatitis/) - In addition to topical treatments, systemic treatments are also effective against atopic dermatitis, a skin condition associated with itchiness and rashes - [What Are the Most Common Triggers for Atopic Dermatitis Flares?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/atopic-dermatitis-triggers/) - Certain triggers, including allergens and hot weather, can contribute to the symptoms of atopic dermatitis. Here is what you can do about common triggers. - [Is There a Cure for Alopecia Areata?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/alopecia-areata-cure/) - While alopecia areata cannot be cured, treatment can help many people with the disorder restore their hair and their self-esteem - [What Is the Psychological Impact of Alopecia Areata?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/alopecia-areata-psychological-impact/) - Along with hair loss, the autoimmune disorder alopecia areata can also cause emotional effects like anxiety and depression. - [How Do Hormonal Changes Affect Acne?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hormones-and-acne/) - Hormonal fluctuations during adulthood can increase how much oil your skin produces. This excess oil can clog pores and cause inflammation, which leads to breakouts of acne. - [When to See a Dermatologist About Your Acne](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/when-to-see-dermatologist/) - While acne can often be treated with non-prescription remedies, it is best to consult a dermatologist if the skin condition does not respond to these treatments. - [Treatment Options for
Alopecia Areata](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/treatment-options-for-alopecia-areata/) - Alopecia areata is a type of hair loss that results from dysfunction of the immune system. Learn more about this condition, why it occurs, and how it’s treated. - [What Are 7 Common Skin
Problems?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-are-7-common-skin-problems/) - Learn more about seven common skin problems, why they occur, and how they’re treated. For more information, contact a doctor to discuss your exact symptoms. - [Acne](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/acne/) - When non-prescription treatments are ineffective, certain medications can help improve acne and prevent scars from forming. - [Alopecia Areata](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/alopecia-areata/) - A type of autoimmune condition, alopecia areata causes hair loss on the scalp and other areas of the body. Along with other treatments, medication can help. - [Epidermolysis Bullosa](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/epidermolysis-bullosa/) - Epidermolysis bullosa is a skin condition associated with painful blisters. Along with other treatments, medications can be helpful for managing symptoms. - [Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/atopic-dermatitis/) - When it comes to treatment of atopic dermatitis, medication is often beneficial for managing symptoms of this common skin disorder. - [Skin Problem Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/skin-problem/) - Skin problems can be treated with oral or topical medications. When skin issues are caused by allergic reactions, antihistamines may also be prescribed. - [What You Need to Know
About Brain Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/need-to-know-brain-disorders/) - Brain disorders can affect numerous areas of the body and cause a range of symptoms. Having a greater understanding of brain disorders is essential securing the right treatment. - [What Are the Top 5 Most
Common Nervous System
Disorders?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/most-common-nervous-system-disorders/) - The nervous system plays a crucial role in numerous bodily functions. The following disorders can disrupt these functions and require extensive medical treatment. - [Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/multiple-sclerosis/) - Doctors use a range of drugs to treat the symptoms associated with MS. Some medications can reduce the rate of relapses, while others decrease nerve swelling. - [Meningitis Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/meningitis-treatment/) - When it comes to meningitis medication, doctors can use a combination of drugs to relieve symptoms and prevent more serious complications from occurring. - [Hydrocephalus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hydrocephalus/) - While hydrocephalus is most often addressed with surgery, researchers are studying the role that medication can potentially play in the recovery process. - [Head Injury](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/head-injury/) - Medications are often instrumental in the treatment of head injuries. Here are a few medications doctors can use to prevent worsening effects. - [Guillain-Barré Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/guillain-barre-syndrome/) - Guillain-Barré syndrome is a neurological condition caused by a faulty immune system response. While it cannot be cured, doctors can use medication to manage symptoms. - [Epilepsy and Seizure Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/epilepsy-and-seizure-disorders/) - Most people control their seizure disorder with certain medications. The type of medication typically depends on factors unique to the patient, such as their age and frequency of seizures. - [Cerebral Aneurysms](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cerebral-aneurysms/) - While many people with cerebral aneurysms require surgery, doctors may also prescribe medications to reduce health effects and prevent more serious complications from occurring. - [Treatment For Bell's Palsy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/bells-palsy/) - [Treatments For Ataxia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/ataxia/) - [Treatment For Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis/) - [Late Onset Alzheimer's](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/lateonset-alzheimers/) - Late onset Alzheimer's affects people over the age of 65. This condition is associated with symptoms like memory loss, cognitive defects, and bodily dysfunction. - [Early Onset Alzheimer's](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/earlyonset-alzheimers/) - Early onset Alzheimer's occurs in people younger than 65 and affects cognition, memory, and daily functioning, often progressing more rapidly than late-onset forms. - [Treatment for Alzheimer's](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/alzheimers/) - While there is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease, certain drugs improve quality of life. This includes cholinesterase inhibitors, which reduce cognitive symptoms. - [Acute Spinal Cord Injury Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/acute-spinal-cord-injury/) - [Brain & Nervous System
Disorder Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/disorders-brain-nervous-system/) - Doctors can use medication and surgical procedures to treat a nervous system disorder. Treatment often requires a combination of medical specialists. - [How Long Do Seizures
Typically Last?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-long-seizures-last/) - [What Causes Sexual Desire
Disorder?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-sexual-desire-disorder/) - Learn more about sexual desire disorders, why they occur, and how they can be treated. Consult with your doctor if you experience persistent low libido and sexual desire. - [Sexual Health Disorder
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/sexual-health-disorder/) - Treatment of sexual health disorders depends on the underlying cause of issues. Common treatments include medication, therapy, and mental health counselling. - [What Are 5 Symptoms
of Food Poisoning?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/symptoms-of-food-poisoning/) - [How Long Does It Take
To Recover From
Food Poisoning?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-long-to-recover-food-poisoning/) - [Medications for Food
Poisoning](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/food-poisoning/) - Many bouts of food poisoning resolve on their own with bed rest and increased fluid intake. With severe symptoms, medical intervention is necessary to manage symptoms. - [What are Symptoms
of a Plague?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-are-symptoms-of-a-plague/) - [Is There a Cure for Plague?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/is-there-a-cure-for-plague/) - [What is the function of the
hormone that the
thyroid produces?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hormone-thyroid-produces/) - [Who Is At-Risk of Developing
Hashimoto’s Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/developing-hashimotos-disease/) - [Plague Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/plague/) - Early diagnosis and treatment of pneumonic plague is crucial for a good outcome. After being diagnosed, antibiotics can stop the infection and facilitate a full recovery. - [What To Do If You Have
Typhoid Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/typhoid-fever-what-to-do/) - [How Serious Is Typhoid Fever
to Humans?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-serious-is-typhoid-fever/) - [Typhoid Fever Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/typhoid-fever/) - Some strains of typhoid fever can be effectively treated with antibiotics. Increased fluid intake is also urged, as vomiting and diarrhoea can lead to dehydration. - [Treatment for Graves' Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/graves-disease-treatment/) - [Treatment for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hashimotos-thyroiditis/) - Hashimoto's is often treated with levothyroxine, which is a synthetic hormone that helps the thyroid function normally. This drug must be taken daily for life. - [Medications for Thyroid
Conditions](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/thyroid-conditions/) - Hormone replacement therapy can address the effects of thyroid disorders. Your physician may also recommend surgery to remove all or part of the thyroid. - [How Is Acute Diarrhoea
Treated?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/diarrhoea-treated/) - [Diarrhoea Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/diarrhoea/) - Over-the-counter anti-diarrheal medications are often used to treat mild bouts of illness. Prescription medication is used to treat diarrhea caused by IBS. - [How Can Vomiting Lead to
Nutritional Disturbances?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/vomiting-nutritional-disturbances/) - [Nutritional Disorder
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/nutritional-disorders/) - Doctors may recommend a nutritious diet and supplements to address nutritional deficiencies. In severe cases, medical staff can provide nutrition via a feeding tube. - [Does Spotting Mean
I’m Having a Miscarriage?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/does-spotting-mean-miscarriage/) - [4 Common Pregnancy
Complications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/common-pregnancy-complications/) - [Preterm Labour Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/preterm-labour/) - [Severe Preeclampsia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/severe-preeclampsia/) - Severe preeclampsia is a serious condition that can cause major health effects during pregnancy. Here’s how doctors can address severe forms of this medical condition. - [Mild Preeclampsia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/mild-preeclampsia/) - Preeclampsia, which causes blood pressure to increase to dangerous levels during pregnancy, can be mild or severe. Here is what to expect with mild forms of this condition. - [Preeclampsia Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/preeclampsia/) - [Complications of Pregnancy
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/pregnancy-complications/) - During complicated pregnancies, medication can be used to treat issues like high blood pressure. Your doctor will recommend a treatment based on your medical needs. - [How is a Hematoma
Diagnosed?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hematoma-diagnosed/) - [What Is the Most Common
Cause of a Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/common-cause-of-hematoma/) - [Hematoma Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hematoma/) - [How Does Varicella Spread?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/varicella-spread/) - As a viral infection, chickenpox spreads via contact with blisters or by breathing in infected respiratory droplets. Here’s how you can reduce transmission rates. - [Immunisations and Treatments for
Bronchiolitis: What Parents Need
to Know](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/immunisations-bronchiolitis-treatment/) - Bronchiolitis, a respiratory condition that’s prevalent in infants and children, results from a viral infection. Along with home treatments, parents can avoid this health issue by getting their kids immunised. - [Viral Disease Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/viral-diseases/) - [Top Causes of
Immunodeficiency Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/causes-of-immunodeficiency-disorders/) - [How Does Immunodeficiency
Affect the Immune System?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/immunodeficiency-immune-system/) - [Caspase Eight Deficiency State (CEDS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/caspase-eight-deficiency-state-ceds/) - A type of genetic disorder, CEDS is a rare condition associated with numerous health effects. Because the condition occurs so infrequently, doctors are still working to understand CEDS and its effects. - [BENTA Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/benta-disease/) - BENTA disease is a rare autoimmune disorder that cause enlarged lymph nodes and other symptoms. Because the condition is so rare, more research is needed to determine the best possible treatment. - [APS-1 (APECED)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/aps-1-apeced/) - An autoimmune condition, APS-1 can cause a wide range of health effects. Certain medications can prevent more serious effects and allow individuals to lead healthy lives. - [Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/autoimmune-lymphoproliferative-syndrome-alps/) - ALPS is an autoimmune condition that causes swelling and other symptoms. The condition can’t be cured, but doctors can use certain medications to manage its effects. - [Treatment for
Immunodeficiency
Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/immunodeficiency-diseases/) - [Blastomycosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/blastomycosis-2/) - Blastomycosis is a type of fungal infection that can cause serious lung effects in some. Doctors use medications called antifungals to treat these infections and prevent severe complications. - [What Are the Warning Signs
of Arthritis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/warning-signs-of-arthritis/) - [Occipital Lobe Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/occipital-lobe-seizures/) - [Treatment for Seizure Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/seizure-disorders/) - [What At-Home Measures
Can Help To Relieve
Sinus Pain?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/relieve-sinus-pain/) - Home remedies for sinus pain include hot showers, humidifiers, and increasing fluid intake. These treatments can reduce inflammation and loosen mucus. - [How Is Acute Sinusitis Treated?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/acute-sinusitis-treated/) - Sinusitis is treated using a combination of corticosteroids and saline sprays, both of which can be administered via the nose. Here’s how these treatments work. - [What Causes Fibromyalgia?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/causes-fibromyalgia/) - Illness, stressful events, and genetic factors all play a role in fibromyalgia. These issues can change the brain and spinal cord, which increases sensitivity. - [Who Is Most Susceptible
to Fibromyalgia?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/susceptible-to-fibromyalgia/) - While fibromyalgia can affect people of all ages, the condition is most common in older adults. It’s also common among people with autoimmune disorders. - [Is It Possible for Me or
My Partner To Have an STI
and Not Know It?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/possible-sti/) - Some STIs don’t cause symptoms right away. This highlights the importance of regular testing, which will provide a greater understanding of your sexual health. - [STD Vs. STI:
What Is the Difference?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/std-vs-sti/) - Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) refer to infections that are passed along via sexual contact with another person. - [Fibromyalgia Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/fibromyalgia/) - [Treatment for Human
Papillomavirus (HPV)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hpv/) - A common sexually transmitted infection, some strains of HPV can cause serious health effects. With a vaccination, infection and complications can be avoided. - [HIV/AIDS Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hiv-aids/) - HIV-AIDS treatments have come a long way over the decades. Here’s how the right treatment can help you avoid major complications and keep you healthy. - [Hepatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hepatitis/) - An STI, hepatitis B doesn’t always require treatment, but when it does, antiviral medications can prevent the infection from worsening. - [Genital Herpes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/genital-herpes/) - When it comes to genital herpes, doctors can prescribe antiviral medications that reduce the severity and frequency of outbreaks. - [Gonorrhoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/gonorrhoea/) - As a bacterial infection, antibiotics medications are a first-line treatment for gonorrhoea. Here is what you should know about this common STI - [Chlamydia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/chlamydia/) - While antibiotics are an effective treatment for chlamydia, taking the right steps can prevent this common STI from being spread to others. - [Treatment for Sexually Transmitted Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/sexually-transmitted-diseases/) - [Saccular Aneurysm](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/saccular-aneurysm/) - Considered the most common form of cerebral aneurysm, saccular aneurysms often require surgery but can also be controlled by certain medications. - [Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/clinically-isolated-syndrome/) - Doctors can prescribe disease-modifying therapies to treat symptoms associated with CIS. These medications are also beneficial for people suffering from MS. - [Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/sporatic-als/) - While there is no cure for ALS, certain medications can reduce its progression and improve a person's quality of life. - [Complete Spinal Cord Injury](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/spinal-cord-injury/) - Along with surgery and physical rehabilitation, people with complete spinal cord injuries may receive different types of medication to improve their condition. - [How Did I Get Scabies?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-did-i-get-scabies/) - Scabies is usually transmitted by direct, skin-to-skin contact. However, transmission often takes prolonged contact, such as sharing a home with an infected person. - [How Quickly Does a Scabies
Rash Spread?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/scabies-rash/) - The rash caused by scabies typically spreads over the body over a period of weeks or months. With a subsequent infection, the rash can appear in a few days. - [What Is the Most Common
Outcome of HPV?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hpv-outcome/) - Most HPV infections do not result in major complications. However, it’s important to understand the risk so you can take the proper steps to protect yourself. - [Does HPV Cause Cancer?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hpv-cancer/) - Certain strains of HPV can contribute to different types of cancer, including cervical and anal cancers. Fortunately, condom use can help lessen the chance of HPV. - [How Serious Are
Haemorrhoids?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/are-haemorrhoids-serious/) - While not necessarily harmful to your health, hemorrhoids can cause a great deal of discomfort. Fortunately, there are many ways you can alleviate issues. - [Haemorrhoids: Causes,
Symptoms and Prevention](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/haemorrhoids-causes/) - Hemorrhoids result from many factors. Sitting for long periods, straining on the toilet, and recurring diarrhea or constipation can all contribute to hemorrhoids. - [When and For How Long Is a
Person Contagious
With Varicella?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/contagious-with-varicella/) - When it comes to chickenpox, infection can occur one to two days before the appearance of the rash, and five to six days after the rash has become evident. - [Managing Hormone Replacement
Therapy for Thyroid Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/thyroid-hormone-replacement/) - People with an underactive thyroid, a condition known as hypothyroidism, benefit greatly from hormone replacement therapy. Here is what you should know about this treatment. - [The Connection Between
Thyroid Hormones and
Mental Health](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/thyroid-mental-health-connection/) - Along with physical effects, thyroid disorders can also impact a person’s mood and emotions. Treatment can help address both physical and mental health issues. - [Radioactive Iodine Therapy:
What to Expect After Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/radioactive-iodine-therapy/) - Radioactive iodine therapy is an effective method for treating thyroid cancer, but it’s important for patients to know what to expect during and after the treatment. - [Are There Different Types
of Thyroid Cancer?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/types-of-thyroid-cancer/) - When it comes to the thyroid, treatment and prognosis can depend on the type of cancer a person is diagnosed with. Here are the common types and what they entail. - [Is Hyperthyroidism a Lifelong
Condition or Can It Be Cured?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hypothyroidism-cure/) - While hyperthyroidism is treatable, most people will have the condition for the entirety of their lives. Fortunately, medical intervention can help manage symptoms - [What Hyperthyroidism
Treatments Are Available
(and Which Is Best for Me)?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/treatments-for-hypothyroidism/) - Hyperthyroidism treatments range from medications to surgery. The right treatment for you can depend on the severity of symptoms, your health, and other factors. - [What Are the Potential
Complications of Untreated
Hypothyroidism?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/untreated-hypothyroidism/) - Failure to find the right treatment for hypothyroidism can lead to potentially serious complications. Fortunately, hormone replacement therapy can effectively treat this condition - [Can Diet and Lifestyle Changes
Help Manage Hypothyroidism?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hypothyroidism-lifestyle/) - Despite claims that hypothyroidism can be treated with a special diet, this condition requires hormone replacement therapy to ensure proper function of the thyroid. - [Common Thyroid Problems
& Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/common-thyroid-problems-diseases/) - When it comes to thyroid issues, more people experience problems with underactivity. In this case, the condition can be treated using supplemental hormones. - [What Is the Most Accurate
Means of Diagnosing a
Thyroid Disorder?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/thyroid-disorder-diagnosing/) - Blood testing is the best way to accurately diagnose a thyroid condition. Once the condition is diagnosed, your doctor will recommend a suitable treatment. - [Treatment for Scabies](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/scabies/) - [Haemorrhoid Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/haemorrhoid/) - [Varicella Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/varicella/) - Antiviral medications may be prescribed when there’s a high risk of chickenpox complications, such as dehydration and pneumonia. Here’s what to expect. - [Thyroid Disorders in Women](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/thyroid-disorders-in-women/) - Women have a higher chance of developing a thyroid disorder, so understanding the effects of these disorders and how they’re treated is key for getting the proper assistance. - [Thyroid Tumours & Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/thyroid-tumours-cancer/) - While most thyroid tumours are benign, cancerous growths affecting the gland require timely treatment. Here’s what patients can expect. - [Pituitary Gland Malfunctions](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/pituitary-gland-malfunctions/) - When the pituitary gland fails to function correctly, doctors can prescribe medication to increase or decrease the hormones produced by the gland. - [Cancerous Growths on Thyroid Gland](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cancerous-growths-on-thyroid-gland/) - Thyroid cancer can be treated with surgery, but doctors also prescribe medications to stop the spread of cancerous cells and to alleviate discomfort associated with the condition. - [Treatments For Hyperthyroidism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hyperthyroidism/) - [Treatment For Hypothyroidism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hypothyroidism/) - [Medications for Thyroid
Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/thyroid-disorders/) - Treatment of thyroid cancer often includes specific medications. Chemotherapy and targeted cancer drugs are commonly prescribed to slow the development of cancerous cells. - [What Can I Do To Prevent
Candidiasis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/prevent-candidiasis/) - People with a higher risk of developing the infection may be given antifungal medication. This is often the case with disorders that affect immune function. - [How Likely Are You To
Get Candida?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/candida/) - (Thrush) Most adults who develop oral candidiasis have a compromised immune system. For instance, HIV/AIDS can increase a person's risk of acquiring the infection. - [Can the Appendix Heal Itself?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/can-appendix-heal/) - While appendicitis can sometimes resolve on its own, many people require timely treatment to prevent more serious effects. Here are some symptoms to watch for. - [When Does Appendicitis
Require Open Abdominal
Surgery?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/appendicitis-surgery/) - Surgery is usually necessary to treat a ruptured appendix, which can cause serious health effects. Here’s what you can expect during and after the procedure. - [Can You Avoid Getting
Strep Throat?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/avoid-strep-throat/) - Regular handwashing is crucial to avoiding strep throat. Be sure to wash your hands before eating or preparing food, and after being around anyone ill. - [Complications of Strep Throat](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/complications-of-strep-throat/) - Strep throat can lead to sinus infections, earaches, abscesses within the tonsils, and swollen lymph nodes. Proper treatment can help avoid these complications. - [How To Prevent
the Spread of Pink Eye](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/prevent-pink-eye/) - Handwashing can reduce the risk of pink eye. You should avoid sharing makeup and eye drops with others to avoid spreading the infection from person to person. - [How Does Pink Eye Spread?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/pink-eye/) - Pink eye can be passed along via contact with an infected individual. It can also be transmitted after handling an item contaminated with bacteria or viruses. - [The Role of Iron, B12, and
Folate in Red Blood
Cell Production](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/red-blood-cell-production/) - Iron, vitamin B12, and folate all play an essential role in the production of red blood cells. When these nutrients are deficient, a person can develop anaemia. - [Dispelling Common Misconceptions
About Vitamin Deficiency
Anaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/misconceptions-vitamin-deficiency-anaemia/) - Common myths about vitamin deficiency anaemia can prevent people from managing this condition correctly. Here are a few myths to be aware of. - [Can The Severity of Sickle
Cell Anaemia Change Over Time?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/sickle-cell-anaemia-severity/) - Sickle cell anaemia is a lifelong condition, and its symptoms can grow progressively worse over time. However, treatment can help manage symptoms and slow their progression. - [What Are the Chances
of Passing Sickle Cell Anaemia
to My Children?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/sickle-cell-anaemia-heredity/) - Parents can pass sickle cell anaemia to their children, but symptoms typically only present when both parents pass along an abnormal gene. - [What Causes Dietary
Iron Deficiency Anaemia?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/iron-deficiency/) - Iron deficiencies result from ulcers, heavy menstruation, and certain types of cancer. Finding the underlying cause of a deficiency is the first step to treating it. - [What Foods Should I Be
Eating To Improve
My Iron Levels?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/iron-levels/) - Foods like broccoli, spinach, and sweet potatoes are all very high in iron. Incorporate these foods into your diet if you experience an iron deficiency. - [Understanding the Prognosis:
Can Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
Be Cured?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/understanding-hypersensitivity-pneumonitis/) - While acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis can be cured, chronic forms of this lung condition cause long-term symptoms and require ongoing treatment as a result. - [How Does Air Quality Impact
Respiratory Conditions Like
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/airquality-impact-hypersensitivity-pneumonitis/) - For people with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, avoiding air pollution is crucial for preserving lung function and preventing more serious complications. - [Recognizing Early Signs of
Emphysema: When to See
a Doctor](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/recognizing-emphysema/) - Emphysema may not cause any symptoms until the condition has advanced to a more serious level. That is why you must know the early warning signs to ensure timely medical intervention. - [Emphysema: Understanding the
Fundamentals of This Chronic
Condition](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/about-emphysema/) - The effects of emphysema can become severe over time, but the right treatment and lifestyle changes can reduce the rate of progression and help alleviate symptoms - [Navigating the Stages of
COPD: What Do They Mean?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/stages-of-copd/) - Understanding the stages of COPD can help you make sense of your diagnosis, which is the first step towards managing the condition and its symptoms. - [The Connection Between COPD
and Heart Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/copd-heart-disease-connection/) - People with COPD must make heart health a priority, as the respiratory condition can contribute to or even worsen problems with heart function. - [Bronchiolitis vs. Bronchitis:
What’s the Difference?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/bronchiolitis-bronchitis-differences/) - While both bronchiolitis and bronchitis can impact breathing and result from viral infections, these respiratory conditions affect different areas of the lungs. - [Does Bronchiectasis Progress
Over Time?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/bronchiectasis-progression/) - Bronchiectasis is a progressive lung condition that can lead to more serious symptoms over time. However, the right treatment can often prevent the condition from worsening. - [Can Infections Like Pneumonia
or Tuberculosis Cause
Bronchiectasis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/bronchiectasis-causes/) - Conditions causing infection or inflammation in the lungs, such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, and other disorders can lead to bronchiectasis. - [What Lifestyle Changes Are
Recommended Following an
AATD Diagnosis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/aatd-diagnosis/) - People with AATD can avoid more serious complications by making certain lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking and preventing infections by getting vaccinated. - [Are Signs of AATD Different
From Other Lung and
Liver Diseases?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/aatd-signs/) - The health effects of AATD are often quite similar to lung and liver diseases. Unlike progressive diseases, AATD can sometimes cause symptoms in infancy and early childhood. - [Can ARDS Occur in Children?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/ards-in-children-adults/) - Like adults, children can also experience acute respiratory distress syndrome. Recovery from this condition often takes time and may require several treatments. - [How Does ARDS Differ From
Other Respiratory Conditions?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/respiratory-conditions-and-ards/) - Acute respiratory distress syndrome is often triggered by other conditions. ARDS can also cause more serious effects than other respiratory illnesses. - [Rescue Inhalers vs. Maintenance
Inhalers: What is the difference?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/inhaler-comparison/) - Inhalers help manage lung conditions like asthma, but the effects of these medications can vary according to the type. Here is what you should know about these common treatments. - [Can Adults Develop Asthma?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/adult-asthma-risk/) - While asthma most often occurs in childhood, people of any age can develop the respiratory condition. Fortunately, asthma can be successfully managed with treatment. - [Why am I Not on
Oxygen Therapy, Despite
Feeling Breathless?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/oxygen-therapy/) - Medical staff use a number of factors to determine whether a patient requires oxygen therapy. Here are a few factors to consider if you experience breathing issues. - [How Can You Reduce
Your Risk of Lung Infection?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/reduce-risk-lung-infection/) - Limiting exposure to toxic fumes and avoiding people with infectious lung diseases can help keep your lungs healthy and strong. Here are some steps to take. - [Candidiasis Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/candidiasis/) - As a fungal infection, candidiasis can be treated with certain antifungal medications. Treatment can be administered via oral medication or topical ointments. - [Appendicitis Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/appendicitis/) - Antibiotics are often combined with surgery when it comes to treating appendicitis. Based on the symptoms, some patients can be treated with medication alone. - [Streptococci (Strep Throat)
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/streptococci/) - As a bacterial infection, strep throat is treated using antibiotics. Along with easing symptoms, treatment also stops transmission from person to person. - [Conjunctivitis
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/conjunctivitis/) - When conjunctivitis is caused by bacteria, doctors may recommend treatment with antibiotics. In many cases, the infection will clear on its own without treatment. - [Thalassemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/thalassemia/) - Treatment of the blood disorder thalassemia can include medications, including iron chelation and vitamin supplements. Here’s what you should know about the condition. - [Aplastic Anaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/aplastic-anaemia/) - Aplastic anaemia affects the production of red blood cells, which can lead to symptoms like uncontrolled bleeding and fatigue. Certain medications can help manage the effects of the condition. - [Anaemia
(Dietary Iron Deficiency)
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/anaemia/) - Iron supplements, immune suppressants, and drugs that enhance red blood cell production can all treat anemia. A doctor can help you determine the best treatment. - [Occupational Lung Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/occupational-lung-diseases/) - Occupational lung diseases can be treated with medication, but some people will require other treatments and therapies depending on the severity of their condition. - [Nontuberculous Mycobacterial (NTM) Lung Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/nontuberculous-mycobacterial/) - Treatment of NTM Lung Disease usually involves an extended regimen of antibiotics medications, which can come with some challenges. - [Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/middle-eastern-respiratory-syndrome-mers/) - MERS is a type of coronavirus that causes respiratory effects. Doctors typically recommend non-prescription medication and bed rest to treat this condition. - [Mesothelioma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/mesothelioma/) - Mesothelioma can be treated with certain medications, but surgery and other therapies may also be required to address the health effects of this cancer. - [MAC Lung Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/mac-lung-disease/) - MAC lung disease results from exposure to bacteria and can cause sometimes serious respiratory symptoms. With the right treatment, the health effects of MAC can be reduced. - [Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/human-metapneumovirus-hmpv/) - The effects of hMPV often cause mild, cold-like symptoms. When the infection is more severe, medical attention is required to prevent worsening health effects. - [Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hantavirus-pulmonary-syndrome-hps/) - HPS can result in severe, sometimes life-threatening, effects. Accordingly, securing the correct medical treatment is crucial to prevent symptoms from becoming worse. - [Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/eosinophilic-granulomatosis-with-polyangiitis-egpa/) - EGPA is a rare condition that causes inflammation throughout the body. Doctors often use immunosuppressant medications to manage the effects of EGPA. - [Cystic Fibrosis (CF)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cystic-fibrosis-cf/) - Cystic fibrosis is a lung disorder that can cause significant health effects. Doctors often use medications to treat these effects and prevent more serious complications. - [Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cryptogenic-organizing-pneumonia-cop/) - A rare lung condition, COP can cause chronic cough and other respiratory issues. Doctors will prescribe certain medications to treat COP and limit serious health effects. - [Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/copd/) - While there is not a cure for COPD, certain medications and other treatments can help manage the effects of the condition and greatly improve a person's quality of life. - [Treatment For Coal Worker's Pneumoconiosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/pneumoconiosis/) - [Chronic Cough](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/chronic-cough/) - The effects of chronic cough can be bothersome, but doctors can prescribe medication to treat underlying medical conditions and manage symptoms. - [Treatment For Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/bronchopulmonary-dysplasia/) - [Acute Bronchitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/acute-bronchitis/) - Acute bronchitis is a lung condition that usually causes mild health effects. Most doctors recommend over-the-counter medications to treat the effects of acute bronchitis. - [Treatments For Bronchiolitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/bronchiolitis/) - [Bronchiectasis Treatments](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/bronchiectasis/) - [Treatment For Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/alpha-1-antitrypsin-deficiency/) - [Treatment for Acute Respiratory
Distress Syndrome (ARDS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/ards/) - [Acute Chest Syndrome
Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/acute-chest-syndrome/) - [Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/exercise-induced-eib/) - With exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, physical activity causes lung dysfunction and problems breathing. Certain medications can be administered to improve breathing during intense activity - [Adult-Onset Asthma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/adult-onset-asthma/) - While asthma most often develops during childhood, the common lung condition can also first present during adulthood. Adult-onset asthma causes the same symptoms and can be effectively treated to improve lung function - [Treatment for Asthma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/asthma/) - [Lung Disease Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/lung-diseases/) - Lung disease treatment usually includes a combination of drugs, such as steroids, bronchodilators, and anti-inflammatories. Here’s what you need to know. - [Understanding Moyamoya
Disease: How Genetic Research
Plays an Important Role](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/genetic-research-moyamoya-disease/) - While scientific research is ongoing, genetic factors likely play a role in moyamoya disease. Researchers are working to pinpoint specific genes. - [A Guide to Early Detection of
Moyamoya Disease in Children](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/moyamoya-disease-early-detection/) - When it comes to children with moyamoya disease, this cerebrovascular condition most often causes stroke-like symptoms at the outset. - [Are Vascular Malformations
Dangerous?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/vascular-malformation-risk/) - A type of vascular malformation, arteriovenous malformations are associated with a higher risk of serious health effects, as well as major complications like stroke. - [What Is the Outlook for
Vascular Malformations?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/vascular-malformation-diagnosis/) - The health effects of vascular malformations are sometimes mild, but some forms of the condition can lead to serious complications, including strokes and aneurysms. - [What Risks Are Associated With
Untreated Carotid Stenosis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/carotid-stenosis-risks/) - Carotid stenosis involves narrowing arteries, which can eventually lead to a stroke if left untreated. - [What Causes Carotid Stenosis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-carotid-stenosis/) - For many people, a condition called atherosclerosis, which is the accumulation of fatty substances in the arteries, is the leading cause of carotid stenosis. - [Can Diet and Exercise Reduce
Your Stroke Risk?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/reduce-stroke-risk/) - Along with medication and surgical procedures, a healthy diet and regular exercise regimen can help reduce your chances of experiencing a stroke. - [The Brain Under Siege:
How a Stroke Happens](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-stroke-happens/) - Strokes can cause major damage to areas of the brain, which is why you must seek immediate medical attention if you or someone else experiences symptoms. - [Are Genetics Involved With
Cerebrovascular Diseases?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/cerebrovascular-diseases/) - Cerebrovascular diseases often result from genetic issues and environmental effects. Your doctor can help you understand your risk profile based on these factors. - [What Can You Do To Reduce
Your Risk of Stroke?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/reduce-risk-of-stroke/) - A healthy lifestyle, eating right, and exercising on a regular basis can all help lower your risk of experiencing a stroke. Here are some tips to get started. - [Spider Angiomas](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/spider-angiomas/) - While they do not often negatively affect one’s health, spider angiomas can cause concerns with regard to appearance. Fortunately, the right treatment can remove spider angiomas with little physical discomfort. - [Capillary Vascular Malformations](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/capillary-vascular-malformations/) - Also known as port wine stains, capillary vascular malformations do not affect health but can have a significant impact on a person's appearance - [Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/asymptomatic-carotid-stenosis/) - Asymptomatic carotid stenosis can lead to serious health problems, including stroke. Here’s how doctors typically treat this medical condition - [Haemorrhagic Stroke](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/haemorrhagic-stroke/) - Haemorrhagic strokes are medical emergencies that require immediate treatment. Doctors often use medication to stop the bleeding associated with this type of stroke. - [Ischemic Stroke](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/ischemic-stroke/) - Ischemic strokes are medical emergencies that require immediate treatment to prevent severe effects. If you notice signs of a stroke, do not delay in getting help - [Vein of Galen Malformation](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/vein-of-galen-malformation/) - VGM can cause very serious health problems in infants, which is why swift treatment is crucial. Here’s how doctors can address this rare disorder. - [Treatments for Venous Angiomas](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/treatments-for-venous-angiomas/) - While not often harmful to one’s health, venous angiomas may require medication to limit poor effects. Here’s what patients can expect when it comes to treatment of this congenital condition. - [Moyamoya Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/moyamoya-disease/) - Moyamoya disease affects blood vessels in the brain, which can lead to serious health effects like strokes and seizures. Along with surgery, doctors can also treat the condition with medication. - [Treatments For Vascular Malformations](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/vascular-malformations/) - [Treatment for Stroke](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/stroke/) - Along with other treatments, doctors can also prescribe a variety of medications to manage the symptoms of a stroke. Here’s what patients and their families can expect. - [Treatment for Carotid Stenosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/carotid-stenosis/) - Carotid stenosis can cause major health issues, such as strokes. Here’s how medication is used to treat the condition and why proper treatment is so important. - [Cerebrovascular Disease
Treatments](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cerebrovascular-disease/) - [Why Early Treatment of
Fungal Infections Matters](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/fungal-infection-risks/) - For fungal infections associated with serious effects, such as organ damage, early treatment can help avoid severe, sometimes life-threatening complications. - [Importance of Early Recognition
and Treatment for Fungal
Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/fungal-infection-signs/) - Some fungal infections can cause very serious complications, which is why early diagnosis and treatment are key to preventing severe effects. - [Understanding the Dangers of
Untreated Bacterial Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/infectious-disease-dangers/) - Sepsis is a dangerous possible consequence of untreated bacterial infections. Sepsis causes severe health effects and can be life-threatening without timely medical intervention - [How Misusing Medications
Increases Bacterial Risks](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/misusing-medication-risks/) - Antibiotics are essential in the fight against bacterial infections, but taking these drugs incorrectly can lead to antibiotic resistance, which reduces their effectiveness - [Antiviral Drugs: How They Work
and the Challenges of
Drug Resistance](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/antiviral-drug-challenges/) - Antiviral drugs are not always used to treat viruses, which may resolve on their own. These drugs are beneficial for serious infections, when the risk of complications is high. - [How Viruses Spread: Breaking
Down Modes of Transmission](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/viral-modes-of-transmission/) - Viral infections can be spread directly and indirectly and understanding the modes of transmission can help you avoid illness and stop others from getting sick. - [How Do People Get Infected
With Parasitic Diseases?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/infected-with-parasitic-diseases/) - Ingesting contaminated food and drink is a common cause of parasitic infections in people. Proper sanitation and handwashing can help you avoid issues. - [How Do You Treat
a Viral Infection?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/treat-viral-infection/) - When you have a viral infection, your doctor will treat symptoms while your immune system fights off the illness. Things like fluid intake and bed rest are common. - [Viral Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/viral-infections/) - Some viral infections require antiviral medications to reduce the risk of more serious health effects. Here’s what patients should know about antivirals and how they work. - [Parasitic Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/parasitic-infections/) - Antiparasitic medications can effectively eliminate infections, but this treatment may not be for everyone. Here are a few key facts to consider if you experience a parasitic infection. - [Fungal Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/fungal-infections/) - Fungal infections are treated with antifungal medications, which can kill fungi and prevent worsening health effects. Here’s what you should know about these medications. - [Bacterial Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/bacterial-infections/) - Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections. While not always necessary, these medications may be prescribed when health effects are more serious. - [Infectious Disease
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/infectious-diseases/) - Different classes of drugs are used to treat the underlying causes of infectious diseases. Common causes include bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. - [What Is a Functional Bowel
Disorder?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/about-functional-bowel-disorder/) - Functional bowel disorders affect digestion and cause symptoms like cramping, bloating, and diarrhoea. Getting the right treatment is essential for relieving symptoms and improving quality of life - [How Do I Know If I Have IBS?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/do-i-have-ibs/) - IBS is often accompanied by certain symptoms, and understanding these symptoms is crucial for receiving a timely and accurate diagnosis (which is the first step to getting treatment) - [How Is Crohn's Disease
Diagnosed?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/crohns-disease-diagnosis/) - Doctors use a variety of tests and procedures to diagnose Crohn’s disease in patients. A timely diagnosis is crucial for getting Crohn’s symptoms under control as soon as possible. - [Who Gets Crohn's Disease
(and How Common Is It)?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/crohns-disease-commonality/) - Crohn’s disease affects people all over the world. While certain individuals have a higher risk than others, this form of inflammatory bowel disease can happen to just about anyone - [Where Does Most of
the Digestive Process
Take Place?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/the-digestive-process/) - Much of the digestive process takes place in the small intestine, which is integral for effectively absorbing nutrients from the foods you eat. Here’s how the process works. - [What Causes Heartburn?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-heartburn/) - Also known as acid indigestion, heartburn is often caused by stress, certain foods, being overweight, and other factors. Here’s how to manage the disorder. - [How Does the Flu Spread?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-does-the-flu-spread/) - The flu often spreads from person to person, but it can also be acquired by handling contaminated objects. Here’s how you can reduce the rate of transmission. - [What Is the Most Common
Complication of Influenza?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/common-complications-of-influenza/) - Serious respiratory issues can result from the flu, and these complications can be fatal in some cases. Fortunately, the right treatment can prevent ill-effects. - [Influenza/Flu Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/influenza-flu/) - [Treatments For Inflammatory Bowel Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/inflammatory-bowel-disease/) - [Treatment Options For Diverticulitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/diverticulitis/) - [Treatments for Lactose Intolerance](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/lactose-intolerance/) - Lactose intolerance causes symptoms like stomach upset and bloating. If you experience problems after eating dairy, certain medications can help relieve symptoms. - [Treatment for Irritable
Bowel Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/irritable-bowel-syndrome/) - [Ulcerative Colitis Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/ulcerative-colitis/) - [Treatment For Crohn's Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/crohns-disease/) - [Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/gerd-treatment/) - When it comes to GERD, medication and lifestyle remedies are often effective at controlling uncomfortable symptoms. Here’s what you should know about this common condition. - [Medications for Digestive
Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/digestive-disorders/) - Digestive disorders like IBS are treated with a combination of medications, including over-the-counter drugs and prescription medicine to improve digestive health. - [What Is Chronic Lyme Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/chronic-lyme-disease/) - Lyme disease can sometimes result in a chronic condition that’s associated with more serious long-term effects. This guide explains why chronic infections occur. - [Where Is it Possible to
Contract Lyme Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/contract-lyme-disease/) - Knowing where people usually contract Lyme disease can help you protect yourself against this illness. Here’s what you should know to avoid infection. - [Lyme Disease Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/lyme-disease/) - Early treatment with antibiotics can help you avoid Lyme disease complications, which can cause long-term effects. With treatment, a full recovery is likely. - [In Which Age Groups Is Graves’
Disease Most Prevalent?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/graves-disease-prevalent-age/) - While Graves’ disease can impact people of all ages, the condition is more prevalent in adults and middle-aged people. Here’s what you should know about this autoimmune disorder. - [Which Other Autoimmune
Diseases Are Associated With
Graves’ Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/graves-autoimmune-disease/) - A thyroid disorder, Graves’ disease has links to autoimmune conditions like lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and many others. Here’s what you should know about the association between Graves’ and immune conditions. - [Can Multiple Sclerosis Be Managed With Lifestyle Changes?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/multiple-sclerosis-lifestyle-changes/) - People with MS can manage the condition by making healthy changes to their diet and activity level. Here are some healthy changes you can make to control symptoms. - [What Can Trigger Relapses of Multiple Sclerosis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-can-trigger-relapses-of-multiple-sclerosis/) - While MS triggers can vary from person to person, certain triggers are more common than others. By understanding your specific triggers, you can better manage MS relapses. - [What Are Some Early
Warning Signs That
Someone Is Developing
Rheumatoid Arthritis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/warning-signs-rheumatoid-arthritis/) - It may be possible to detect rheumatoid arthritis by looking for early symptoms, including joint problems and fatigue. By identifying symptoms early, you can get the treatment you need. - [How Does a Person Develop
an Autoimmune Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/develop-an-autoimmune-disease/) - There are several theories regarding why the immune system sometimes attacks healthy areas of the body. Here are a few reasons why autoimmune disorders occur. - [Can Autoimmune Diseases
Be Cured?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/can-autoimmune-diseases-be-cured/) - While autoimmune diseases cannot actually be cured, finding the right treatment can help you manage the condition and any effects. Here’s what you must know. - [What Happens to My
Immune System With an
Autoimmune Disorder?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/immune-system-autoimmune-disorder/) - Autoimmune diseases alter the way the immune system functions. Here are a few common autoimmune disorders and the effects they can have on a person’s wellness. - [Graves’ Disease Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/graves-disease/) - With Graves’ disease, beta blockers stop the effects of thyroid hormones on the body, while anti-thyroid drugs cause the thyroid to become less active. - [Treatments for Addison's Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/treatments-for-addisons-disease/) - Addison’s disease affects the production of certain hormones, including cortisol. Hormone replacement therapy can prevent worsening health effects, including acute adrenal failure. - [Treatments for Psoriasis/Psoriatic Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/treatments-for-psoriasis-psoriatic-arthritis/) - Medications are often used to treat psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, both of which result from immune dysfunction. Here’s what you can expect when it comes to treatment. - [Treatment for Autoimmune Vasculitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/autoimmune-vasculitis/) - [Treatment for Myasthenia Gravis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/myasthenia-gravis/) - Doctors use a combination of medications like corticosteroids, cholinesterase inhibitors, and immunosuppressants to treat the health effects of myasthenia gravis. - [Treatment For Systemic Lupus Erythematosus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/systemic-lupus-erythematosus/) - [Treatment for Sjogren's Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/sjogrens-syndrome/) - Drugs used to treat Sjogren’s syndrome can boost production of saliva, reduce swelling in the eyes, and treat other health effects caused by the medical condition. - [Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/rheumatoid-arthritis/) - Certain medications can manage the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis by alleviating inflammation and improving joint function. Here’s what you must know about RA. - [Autoimmune Disease
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/autoimmune-diseases/) - To address the inflammation that often results from vasculitis, doctors typically prescribe corticosteroids. Other medications can also be used to alleviate other symptoms. - [How Does Fabry Disease
Affect Everyday Life?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/fabry-disease-everyday-life/) - Fabry disease is associated with numerous health effects that can impact multiple areas of the body. Understanding these effects can help you better manage the condition and avoid more serious complications. - [Are There Multiple Types
of Fabry Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/fabry-disease-types/) - Fabry disease causes an enzyme deficiency that can result in excess levels of fat in the blood and bodily tissues. There are two types of Fabry disease that typically affect people at different ages - [How Does Chronic Kidney
Disease Progress?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/chronic-kidney-disease-progression/) - Chronic kidney disease progresses through several stages, and understanding each stage is important to properly manage the condition. Here are some important factors to consider about this health issue - [Do I Need To Make Lifestyle
Changes To Manage
Kidney Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/manage-kidney-disease/) - Lifestyle has an effect on your health and wellness. Accordingly, healthy habits can protect you from illness and ensure you enjoy an amazing quality of life. - [Am I a Good Candidate
for a Kidney Transplant?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/kidney-transplant/) - A new kidney can greatly improve a person's life, provided they’re a good candidate for the procedure. Here’s how doctors determine quality candidates. - [Kidney Stone Disease Treatments](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/kidney-stones/) - [Treatment For Polycystic Kidney Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/polycystic-kidney/) - [Glomerulonephritis Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/glomerulonephritis/) - [Treatments For Cystinosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cystinosis/) - [Fabry Disease Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/fabry-disease/) - [Treatments For Chronic Kidney Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/chronic-kidney-disease/) - [Kidney Disease Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/kidney-disease/) - Your doctor can help you find the proper medication regimen if you experience kidney disease. Here are a few possible therapies that may help relieve your symptoms. - [Is It Possible to Prevent Viral Respiratory Infections?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/viral-respiratory-infection-prevention/) - You can reduce your risk of experiencing a viral respiratory infection via good hygiene, improved air quality, and other crucial steps. - [Common Cold or Flu? How You Can Tell the Difference](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/common-cold-or-influenza/) - Cold and flu symptoms can sometimes overlap, but knowing the difference between these ailments can help you find the best treatment - [Anorexia Nervosa](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/anorexia-nervosa/) - While anorexia treatment requires a multi-faceted approach, medications can play a role in a patient's recovery process. - [Schizophrenia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/schizophrenia/) - Antipsychotic medications are often the first line treatment for schizophrenia. While these drugs must be taken for life, they are very effective at managing symptoms. - [Caring for Someone With
Dementia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/caring-for-dementia/) - Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia cause many challenges to those providing care. These tips can help you support your loved one while also making certain that your needs are met. - [Alzheimer's: Risk Factors
& Risk Reduction](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/alzheimers-risk-reduction/) - Certain risk factors can increase a person's chance of experiencing Alzheimer's and dementia. Understanding these risk factors may help you avoid future cognitive issues. - [How Does Dementia
Affect the Brain?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/brain-dementia/) - Dementia affects memory, but it can also have an impact on other brain functions. Here’s what you should know if you or a loved one experiences cognitive issues. - [What Causes Dementia?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/dementia-causes/) - Dementia has a significant impact on a person's cognitive abilities. Here’s why dementia occurs and what doctors can do to help those afflicted by it. - [Treatment For Mixed Dementia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/mixed-dementia/) - Mixed dementia is often treated with drugs called cholinesterase inhibitors, which improve cognitive function by increasing certain chemicals within the brain. - [Vascular Dementia Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/vascular-dementia/) - Certain drugs boost cognition in people with vascular dementia, including cholinesterase inhibitors. Doctors may also prescribe medication to improve blood flow to the brain. - [Dementia Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/dementia/) - Dementia is just as challenging for family members as it is for the person afflicted. Here’s what you can expect if you or a loved one has been diagnosed. - [Do People With Obesity
Have a Greater Risk of Cancer?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/obesity-risk-cancer/) - Much like many other lifestyle factors and habits, obesity also impacts your cancer risk. Here’s how maintaining a reasonable weight can keep you healthy. - [Obesity Class III](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/obesity-class-iii/) - [Treatment For Class II Obesity](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/class-ll-obesity/) - [Treatment For Class I Obesity](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/class-l-obesity/) - [Obesity Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/obesity/) - Weight management medications work in different ways to limit the effects of obesity. For instance, they can reduce appetite or prevent the absorption of fat. - [Can You Control the Symptoms
of Wilson's Disease by Changing
Your Diet?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/control-wilsons-disease/) - Wilson’s disease is an inherited condition that causes an excess level of copper in the body. People with this condition must avoid copper-rich foods to avoid serious health effects and life-threatening complications. - [Health Complications Linked
to Wilson’s Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/wilsons-disease-complications/) - Managing Wilson’s disease with medication and dietary changes can prevent poor health effects and decrease the risk of severe complications. - [Who Is at Risk of Developing
Liver Cell Adenoma?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/liver-cell-adenoma-risk/) - While anyone can develop a liver cell adenoma, which is a non-cancerous growth, certain risk factors can increase the chances of experiencing this rare medical condition - [What Are the Complications
of Liver Cell Adenomas?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/liver-cell-adenoma-complications/) - The symptoms associated with liver cell adenomas are often mild, but the condition can sometimes lead to more serious, possibly life-threatening complications. - [How Does Primary Biliary Cholangitis Affect My Body?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/primary-biliary-bholangitis-affect/) - Primary biliary cholangitis causes a wide range of health effects, both minor and severe. Here are some of those effects and how they can impact a person’s health and wellness - [How Fast Does Primary Biliary Cholangitis Progress?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/primary-biliary-bholangitis-progression/) - An autoimmune condition that targets the liver, primary biliary cholangitis typically progresses slowly. Proper management of the condition can often reduce its progression even further - [What Should I Know About
Liver Transplantation?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/liver-transplant/) - Liver transplantation can be a life saver, but you must know what to expect before undergoing surgery. Here are a few key facts about these procedures. - [Can Liver Damage
Be Reversed?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/liver-damage/) - Certain types of liver damage can actually be reversed, provided you take the right steps. Here’s how you can enhance your wellness through healthy habits. - [Treatments For Wilson's Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/wilsons-disease/) - [Treatment For Hyperoxaluria](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hyperoxaluria/) - [Liver Cell Adenoma Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/liver-cell-adenoma/) - Medication is not used to treat liver cell adenomas. Along with surgical procedures to remove cancerous growths, doctors may also recommend monitoring for small tumours. - [Treatment Options For Bile Duct Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/bile-duct-cancer/) - [Liver Cancer Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/liver-cancer/) - Different medications can be used to treat liver cancer. Some drugs destroy cancer cells while other prevent cancerous cells from multiplying. Here’s what you should know. - [Treatment For Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis/) - [Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/primary-biliary-cholangitis/) - Certain medications can prevent the worsening effects of primary biliary cholangitis. These include drugs to enhance the function of the liver and reduce scarring. - [Treatment for Autoimmune
Hepatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/autoimmune-hepatitis/) - With autoimmune hepatitis, steroid medications like prednisone prevent inflammation and limit health effects on the liver. Here are some things to keep in mind about treatment. - [Hepatitis C Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hepatitis-c/) - Antiviral medications are a common way to treat the effects of hepatitis C. Your doctor can determine the best course of action to prevent more serious complications. - [Hepatitis B Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hepatitis-b/) - While treatments often vary, hepatitis B can be treated with antiviral medications. These drugs slow the progression of the virus to avoid health effects to the liver. - [Hepatitis A Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hepatitis-a/) - Most people resolve the hepatitis A virus on their own over a period of weeks or months. During this time, it’s recommended that you avoid drugs that can affect the liver. - [Liver Disease Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/liver-disease/) - In addition to lifestyle changes, your doctor may also recommend certain medications to treat liver disease. Here’s what you can expect from these therapies. - [What Are the Screening Options for Detecting Colorectal Cancer?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/screening-for-colorectal-cancer/) - When caught early, colorectal cancers are highly treatable. Here are some of the screening tests doctors use to detect this form of cancer as early as possible - [What Is Colorectal Cancer?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-is-colorectal-cancer/) - A type of cancer that affects components of the large intestine, colorectal cancer is highly treatable when caught in its earliest stages. Here is what you need to know - [3 Breast Cancer Symptoms You
Should Not Ignore](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/3-breast-cancer-warnings/) - Detecting symptoms of breast cancer early often makes for a much better prognosis. Here are a few symptoms that require medical attention as soon as possible - [How to Lower Your Breast
Cancer Risk](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/lower-breast-cancer-risk/) - While you cannot always prevent breast cancer, there are some steps you can take to reduce your risk of developing the disease. - [Can Certain Foods
Cause Cancer?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/can-foods-cause-cancer/) - Cancer can’t always be avoided but understanding contributing factors can reduce your risk of disease. Here’s how cancer and certain types of food are linked. - [Why Do Some People Get
Cancer While Others Do Not?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/cancer-explained/) - Cancer has many contributing factors, including family history and lifestyle. These factors can explain why some people develop cancer and some don’t. - [Pancreatic Cancer Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/pancreatic-cancer/) - Pancreatic cancer is often treated with medications, including targeted drugs and immune suppressing medicines. Doctors may also prescribe drugs that impact hormones. - [Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/non-hodgkins-lymphoma/) - Treatment of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma typically includes a regimen of certain medications. Doctors may prescribe chemotherapy, immunosuppressants, and other drugs. - [Treatment for Melanoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/melanoma/) - Melanoma medications target certain genes associated with the spread of cancerous cells. Drugs are often beneficial when cancer has spread and can’t be addressed by surgery. - [Lung Cancer Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/lung-cancer/) - With lung cancer, a doctor may prescribe targeted cancer drugs, chemotherapy, and other medications. Here’s what you can expect during cancer treatment. - [Treatment for Leukaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/leukaemia/) - Medications for leukaemia work on the cellular level to prevent the growth of cancerous tissues. These drugs can be provided alongside other cancer treatments. - [Kidney Cancer Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/kidney-cancer/) - Drug therapy helps patients with kidney cancer by preventing the growth of blood vessels linked to tumours. Other drugs work by stopping the growth of cancerous cells. - [Treatment for Endometrial Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/endometrial-cancer/) - Along with chemotherapy, targeted drug therapy can also help patients with endometrial cancer. These drugs inhibit certain chemicals that cause cancer cells to grow. - [Colon & Rectal Cancer
Treatments](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/colon-rectal-cancer/) - With colon and rectal cancer, targeted drug regimens can eliminate cancer cells or limit the growth of new blood vessels to prevent tumours from expanding. - [Treatment for Breast Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/breast-cancer/) - Targeted drug therapy can be used to treat breast cancer. Medications, such as monoclonal antibodies, simultaneously destroy cancer cells while enhancing immune function. - [Cancer Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cancer/) - A cancer diagnosis can be difficult to accept, but many types of cancer can be effectively treated. Here’s what you must know after receiving a diagnosis. - [How To Cope With Recovery](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/coping-with-recovery/) - Recovering from substance abuse and addiction issues can be very challenging. Here are a few effective coping methods to help you maintain your sobriety. - [How To Recognize Substance
Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/recognize-substance-use/) - Substance abuse disorders usually cause specific symptoms. Here are a few signs to look for, so you can get the treatment you need as soon as possible. - [Treatments For Inhalant Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/inhalant-use-disorder/) - [Treatment for Alcohol
Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/alcohol-use-disorder/) - When detoxing from alcohol, doctors can prescribe sedatives to manage ill-effects. Disulfiram can also deter drinking by causing nausea and vomiting when alcohol is consumed. - [Treatments For Hallucinogen Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hallucinogen-use-disorder/) - [Sedative Use Disorder Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/sedative-use-disorder/) - With sedative use disorder, patients may need to take a substitute medication to assist them during the detox process. Counselling and behavioural therapy are also recommended. - [Treatments For Stimulant Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/stimulant-use-disorder/) - [Treatment for Nicotine Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/nicotine-use-disorder/) - [Treatment for Marijuana Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/marijuana-use-disorder/) - [Opioid Use Disorder Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/opioid-use-disorder/) - [Substance Use Disorder
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/substance-use-disorder/) - SUD prevents people from controlling their intake of alcohol and other drugs. Certain medications can reduce cravings and withdrawal effects during recovery. - [5 Facts About Impulse Control Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/impulse-disorder-facts/) - Impulse control disorders are subject to lots of myths and misinformation, so getting the facts about these mental health conditions is key to treating them - [What are Impulse Control
and Addiction Disorders?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/impulse-control-addiction-disorder/) - [What Is the Average
Length of Treatment for
Psychosis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/psychosis-length-of-treatment/) - Psychosis is a challenging symptom of mental health disorders, but it can be effectively managed with the right treatment and support - [What Are Some Common
Misconceptions About Individuals
Who Experience Psychosis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-is-psychosis/) - Myths and misinformation are rampant when it comes to psychosis. Dispelling these myths removes the stigma and ensures those experiencing issues can get the help they need. - [What Are the Most Common
Mood Disorders?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/common-mood-disorders/) - When it comes to mental health conditions, mood disorders like depression and bipolar are more common than one might think - [When Do Mood Disorders
Usually Begin?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/mood-disorder-onset/) - Mood disorders most often affect adults, but mental health issues like depression can also arise during childhood - [How Are Anxiety Disorders Diagnosed?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-anxiety-disorders-diagnosed/) - Before you can secure the right treatment for an anxiety disorder, you must first receive an accurate diagnosis. Here are a few ways doctors can identify mental health issues. - [What Are the Risk Factors
for Anxiety Disorders?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/risk-factors-anxiety-disorders/) - While virtually anyone can develop an anxiety disorder, certain risk factors can increase your chance of experiencing this common form of mental illness. - [How Do You Know if
You Are Mentally Unwell?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/mentally-unwell/) - It’s not always easy to recognise signs of mental illness in yourself. Here are a few symptoms that signal an issue with mental health and well-being. - [Are Mental Health Problems
Preventable?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/mental-health/) - It’s sometimes possible to avoid poor mental health by taking the right steps. Here are a few things you can do to maintain your good mental well-being. - [Somatic System Disorder Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/somatic-system-disorder/) - [Treatment for Sexual and Gender Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/sexual-and-gender-disorders/) - Finding the right treatment for gender dysphoria is key to leading a full, happy life. Here’s how hormone therapy can benefit people when it comes to affirming their gender identity. - [Treatment For Factitious Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/treatment-for-factitious-disorders/) - While there are no medications designated for treating factitious disorders, doctors may use antidepressants and anti-anxiety medication to treat concurrent conditions. - [Dissociative Disorders Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/dissociative-disorders/) - [Stress Response Syndrome Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/stress-response-syndrome/) - [Treatment for Post-Traumatic
Stress Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/ptsd/) - [Treatment for Personality Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/personality-disorders/) - In addition to psychotherapy, people with personality disorders also benefit from medication. Common treatments include mood stabilizers, antidepressants, and antipsychotics. - [Treatment for Impulse
Control & Addiction
Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/impulse-control-addiction-disorders/) - Along with other therapies, acamprosate, naltrexone, and methadone can control the effects of addiction disorders. Treatments depend on the type of substance being abused. - [Treatment for Eating Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/eating-disorders/) - Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, benzodiazepines, and antidepressants can sometimes reduce the effects of eating disorders like anorexia and bulimia nervosa. - [Psychotic Disorder
Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/psychotic-disorders/) - Antipsychotic medications manage the effects of psychotic disorders. Risperidone, brexpiprazole, and quetiapine are used to treat delusions and hallucinations. - [Treatment for Mood Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/mood-disorders/) - Mood-stabilizing drugs, such as lithium, are commonly prescribed to treat bipolar disorder and other types of mood disorders. Antidepressants may also be provided. - [Treatment for Anxiety
Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/anxiety-disorder/) - With generalized anxiety disorder, benzodiazepines quell bouts of panic, while antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, help reduce overall anxiety. - [Treatment for Mental Illness](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/mental-illness/) - Mental health conditions like depression and anxiety are often treated via medications. Talk with your doctor for more information on possible treatments. - [Is Migraine With Aura Worse Than Without?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/migraine-types-differences/) - Migraines can occur with or without auras. Auras, which typically precede migraines, are sensory disturbances that most often affect vision - [How Common Is Migraine
With Aura?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-common-migraine-with-aura/) - Many people who experience migraines also experience auras, which are characterized by changes to vision and sensations in the hands and face. - [How Does a Migraine Happen?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-migraine-happen/) - Understanding common migraine triggers can help you manage the condition and eliminate its painful effects. Here’s what you need to know to get relief. - [What Is the Main Cause
of Migraine Headaches?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/migraine-causes/) - Migraines have many causes, some of which can be avoided by making the right choices. Here are some things you can do to decrease the occurrence of migraines. - [Migraine without Aura Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/migraine-without-aura/) - [Migraine with Aura Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/migraine-with-aura/) - [Migraine Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/migraine/) - Migraines are treated using over the counter and prescription medications. Doctors can also recommend certain lifestyle changes to supplement medication regimens. - [How to Avoid
Getting Bacterial Meningitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-to-avoid-getting-bacterial-meningitis/) - It’s often possible to avoid bacterial meningitis when you make the right choices. Here are a few healthy strategies that you and your loved ones can adopt. - [Can You Fully
Recover From Bacterial
Meningitis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/can-you-fully-recover-from-bacterial-meningitis/) - Most people recover from bacterial meningitis, but immediate medical attention is required to avoid more serious health complications and loss of life. - [What Is the Most Serious
Form of Meningitis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/form-of-meningitis/) - As the most serious form of this health condition, it’s important to know the signs and symptoms of bacterial meningitis. Here are a few key facts to consider. - [What are the Different
Types of Meningitis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/types-of-meningitis/) - With meningitis, timely medical intervention is crucial to prevent severe, lasting effects. Here’s what everyone must know about this serious health condition. - [Viral Meningitis Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/viral-meningitis/) - [Top 10 Tips for
Preventing Malaria](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/preventing-malaria/) - It’s possible to prevent malaria, provided you have the right information. Here are some prevention facts to keep you and your family members safe from harm. - [10 Need-To-Know Facts
About Malaria](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/facts-about-malaria/) - Do you know these common malaria facts? The right information can help you and your loved ones avoid infection and remain healthy when you have a high risk. - [Malaria Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/malaria/) - A range of medications are used to reduce the effects of malaria and avoid complications. Certain medications can also be taken before to avoid infection. - [Why Is Measles So
Contagious?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/why-is-measles-so-contagious/) - Measles is known for spreading rapidly from person to person, and its contagiousness can be attributed to two key factors. - [What Are the Stages
of Measles?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/stages-measles/) - Understanding the stages of measles is key to getting the right treatment. This guide discusses each stage and explains why proper treatment is so crucial. - [Measles Fact Sheet: Symptoms,
Causes, Treatment and More](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/measles-facts/) - Measles is a highly infectious illness but having the right information can help you lower your infection risk. Here are some important facts to keep in mind. - [Treatment for Measles
(Standard Measles)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/standard-measles/) - [Rubella (German Measles) Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/german-measles/) - [Measles Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/measles/) - Fever reducers and other forms of medication can ease the symptoms of measles until the infection clears. Vaccination can also help you avoid infection. - [Is There a Cure for Yellow
Fever?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/is-there-a-cure-for-yellow-fever/) - While there is no cure or specific treatment for yellow fever, vaccination can stop the spread of the virus and prevent more serious complications, such as liver damage. - [What Is the Urban
Transmission Cycle of
Yellow Fever?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-is-the-urban-transmission-cycle-of-yellow-fever/) - Transmissions cycles describe how viral yellow fever spreads from person to person. Here are some factors to consider about urban transmission and what it entails. - [Yellow Fever: Everything
You Need To Know](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/yellow-fever-need-to-know/) - Yellow fever can cause serious complications, including loss of life. Here are the facts to help you and your loved ones avoid transmission and get treatment. - [The Incidence and Mortality
of Yellow Fever in South Africa](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/yellow-fever-incidence/) - [Treatment for Intermediate
Yellow Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/intermediate-yellow-fever/) - [Treatment for Jungle Yellow
Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/jungle-yellow-fever/) - [Treatment for Urban Yellow Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/urban-yellow-fever/) - [Yellow Fever Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/yellow-fever/) - While there is no treatment for an existing yellow fever infection, getting vaccinated against the illness is the best way to protect yourself and your loved ones. - [Treatments for Secondary Hypertension](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/secondary-hypertension/) - [Treatment for Primary Hypertension](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/primary-hypertension/) - [Hypertension Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hypertension/) - It may be possible to avoid the effects of hypertension through a combination of medication and lifestyle changes. Here’s how you can take control of your health. - [How To Manage
Type 2 Diabetes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/manage-type-2-diabetes/) - Proper management of type 2 diabetes can help you avoid serious effects and complications. Here’s what people with diabetes must know to remain healthy. - [Types of Diabetes &
the Differences Between Each](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/types-diabetes-differences/) - Understanding the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes is key to managing the disorder correctly. Here are a few key differences to be aware of. - [Are You Born With
Diabetes?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/born-with-diabetes/) - Doctors believe that both genetics and external factors can play a role in the occurrence of type 1 diabetes. Here are some important facts to consider about the disease. - [Does Being Overweight
Cause Diabetes?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/overweight-cause-diabetes/) - Being overweight can increase a person's risk of certain health issues, but can extra weight contribute to type 1 diabetes? Here are some key facts about diabetes and its risk factors. - [Complications of Diabetes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/complications-diabetes/) - While diabetes complications can be life-threatening, they can often be avoided through proper management. Here’s what you can do to avoid these effects. - [How Does Gestational
Diabetes Affect the Baby?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/gestational-diabetes-affect-baby/) - Gestational diabetes can impact the health of pregnant women, while also potentially harming their babies. Here’s what you must know for a healthy birth. - [4 Steps to Manage
Your Diabetes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/manage-diabetes/) - Proper management of diabetes can prevent many poor effects, including life-threatening ones. Here’s what you must know if you experience the disease. - [Treatment for Prediabetes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/prediabetes/) - With prediabetes, metformin can be prescribed to help keep blood sugar levels healthy. This is often the case when improvements don’t occur with changes to diet and activity levels. - [Treatment for Gestational Diabetes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/gestational-diabetes/) - To manage blood sugar levels, pregnant women may be provided metformin tablets to avoid complications. Medication is usually recommended alongside lifestyle changes. - [Treatment for Diabetes Type 2](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/diabetes-type-2/) - [Diabetes Type 1 Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/diabetes-type-1/) - With the right treatment and management, people with diabetes can go on to lead healthy, fulfilling lives. Here are a few steps you can take to manage your illness. - [Diabetes Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/diabetes/) - [How Quickly Do People With
HIV Develop AIDS?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hiv-into-aids/) - Without treatment, most people develop AIDS within five to ten years of infection. Avoiding infection is possible via vaccination and by using safe sexual practices. - [Where Can I Get an HIV Test?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/where-can-i-get-an-hiv-test/) - An HIV test provides vital information regarding your health and ensures you receive timely treatment. Here’s how South Africans can get tested for HIV. - [Which Activities Are Most
Likely to Transmit HIV?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/activities-likely-to-transmit-hiv/) - Can you separate fact from fiction when it comes to HIV transmission? Here are some important facts to consider about the virus and how it spreads from person to person. - [How Common are False
Negatives and False Positives
in HIV Testing?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/hiv-testing/) - Knowing the facts about false HIV test outcomes ensures you can get the answers you need from medical staff. Here are a few key factors to keep in mind. - [Who Is Most At-Risk for HIV?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/at-risk-hiv/) - Engaging in unsafe sex and intravenous drug use can greatly raise your risk of HIV. Here’s what you must know to protect yourself and avoid infection. - [Treatments For HIV Group P Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hiv-group-p/) - [Treatment for HIV-1 Group O](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hiv-1-group-o/) - While the exact treatment can depend on the needs of the individual, most people with HIV take a combination of medications, known as antiretroviral therapy, to prevent complications. - [Group N HIV-1 Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/group-n-hiv-1/) - HIV treatment typically entails taking a combination of drugs. These drugs prevent the virus from causing complications to help people maintain good health. - [Treatment for HIV-1 Group M](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hiv-1-group-m/) - Most people with HIV must take a combination of medications to prevent worsening effects. Drug combinations can vary according to the individual needs of a patient. - [Treatment For HIV-2 Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hiv-2-infections/) - [Treatment for HIV-1](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hiv-1/) - Antiretroviral therapy entails a combination of drugs that stop the progression of HIV. Many patients are prescribed at least three medications at the beginning of their treatment regimen. - [Living With an Active TB
Infection and Avoiding
Complications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/living-with-an-active-tb-infection-and-avoiding-complications/) - [Difference Between TB Disease
and Latent TB Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/tb-disease-and-infection/) - Latent TB can develop into a more serious infection, which is why the right information is so crucial. This guide discusses a few key facts on latent TB. - [5 things that can make
Tuberculosis (TB) worse](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/things-that-make-tuberculosis-worse/) - Certain risk factors can actually worsen TB infections and cause serious complications. Here’s what you should know if you or a loved one experiences TB. - [Treatment for Tuberculosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/tuberculosis/) - While treatment isn’t always necessary for people with TB, antibiotic medications can effectively eliminate bacteria and relieve bothersome symptoms. - [Treatment for Active
TB Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/active-tb-infection/) - Active TB infections are most often treated with a combination of antibacterial drugs. Most people will need to take medication from 6 to 12 months to fully clear the infection. - [Latent TB Infection Treatment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/latent-tb-infection/) - Antibacterial medications are often used to address latent TB infections. These drugs require multiple doses over the course of months to eliminate the illness. - [Arthritis: Understanding the
Key Differences](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/understanding-arthritis/) - When it comes to arthritis, understanding the exact type of joint dysfunction you’re experiencing is crucial for finding a suitable treatment. Here is what you need to know - [Natural Ways to Manage
Rheumatoid Arthritis: Diet,
Exercise, and Lifestyle Tips](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/rheumatoid-arthritis-lifestyle-tips/) - Along with medication, rheumatoid arthritis can be managed with a nutritious diet, regular exercise, and other healthy lifestyle changes. - [How Can I Prevent Further
Joint Damage and Maintain
Mobility With Osteoarthritis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/osteoarthritis-prevent-damage/) - Over time, breakdown of the cartilage lining the joints can lead to osteoarthritis. While you cannot regenerate lost cartilage, there are things you can do to manage the condition - [5 Facts About Osteoarthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/osteoarthritis-facts/) - If you have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis, these facts can tell you what to expect and how to properly manage the condition to maintain your health. - [Necrotizing Pancreatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/necrotizing-pancreatitis/) - Acute pancreatitis can develop into a more serious condition, known as necrotizing pancreatitis, which requires advanced care. Medication often plays a role in treatment of this condition - [Chronic Periodontal Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/chronic-periodontal-disease/) - Also known as periodontitis, chronic periodontal disease is a serious infection of the gums that requires timely treatment to prevent worsening effects, including tooth loss. - [Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hsv-1/) - While not everyone with HSV-1 develops symptoms, this virus often causes outbreaks of painful oral blisters. Antivirals can treat these effects. - [Gingivitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/gum-disease/) - While it is a mild, reversible form of gum disease, untreated gingivitis will become progressively worse without the proper care and treatment. - [Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV-2)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hsv-2/) - The primary cause of genital herpes, HSV-2 can be effectively treated with antiviral medications, which can stop the frequency and severity of outbreaks. - [Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/aman/) - AMAN is a type of Guillain-Barré syndrome that primarily affects children and young adults. Medication may be used to manage symptoms alongside other treatments. - [Miller Fisher Syndrome (MFS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/miller-fisher-syndrome/) - MFS is a type of Guillain-Barré syndrome, which is a health condition that causes your immune system to mistakenly attack the nerves throughout your body. - [Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (AIDP)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/aidp/) - The most common type of Guillain-Barré syndrome, AIDP causes the quick onset of symptoms like muscle weakness and loss of sensation due to nerve damage - [Missed and Incomplete Miscarriages](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/treating-miscarriage/) - Missed miscarriages involve pregnancy loss but do not always cause symptoms like bleeding or cramping. A surgical procedure may be necessary if a missed miscarriage is also incomplete. - [Complete Miscarriage](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/complete-miscarriage/) - A complete miscarriage involves pregnancy loss with a total elimination of all tissue from the uterus. Complete miscarriages typically occur in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. - [Inevitable Miscarriage](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/inevitable-miscarriage/) - An inevitable miscarriage often leads to pregnancy loss. Miscarriages usually occur during the first trimester, typically within the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. - [Threatened Miscarriage](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/threatened-miscarriage/) - Threatened miscarriage has the potential to result in pregnancy loss, but most cases involve a continuation of pregnancy and healthy delivery. - [What Causes Supraventricular Arrhythmias?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-supraventricular-arrhythmias/) - Supraventricular arrhythmias result from problems with the electrical signals in the heart. This condition does not always require treatment, but medication and surgery can help. - [What Are the Most Common Types of Supraventricular Arrhythmias?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/supraventricular-arrhythmias-types/) - Supraventricular tachycardia causes arrhythmia, which is an irregular heartbeat that’s very fast or inconsistent. Here are the three most common types of the condition and what they entail - [How Long Does an Artificial
Heart Valve Last?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/artificial-heart-valve-life/) - Artificial heart valves improve the function of the heart and prevent serious, often life-threatening health effects from occurring. Learn more about artificial heart valves and how long they last. - [How Is Rheumatoid Arthritis
Diagnosed?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/rheumatoid-arthritis-diagnosed/) - Diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis requires a combination of physical examination, blood testing, and imaging procedures. Once a diagnosis has occurred, the next step is to find suitable treatment. - [What Is Heart Valve Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/heart-valve-disease-explained/) - Heart valve disease affects how well blood flows through the heart. Treatment often involves medication, surgery, and healthy lifestyle changes - [How Common Is Heart Failure?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-common-is-heart-failure/) - Heart failure is a serious medical condition that affects millions of people all over the world. Proper treatment and healthy lifestyles can reduce one’s heart failure risk exponentially - [How Is Heart Failure Diagnosed?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/heart-failure-diagnosis/) - Doctors can use a combination of tests, physical exams, and medical history to determine whether a patient is experiencing heart failure. These diagnostic procedures are the first step towards finding suitable treatment - [Who Is at Risk of Sudden Cardiac Arrest?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/sudden-cardiac-arrest-risk/) - Sudden cardiac arrest is a medical emergency that occurs when an abnormal heart rhythm stops all activity in the heart. Here are some risk factors that can increase one’s chances of experiencing sudden cardiac arrest - [How Can Sudden Cardiac Arrest Be Prevented?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/sudden-cardiac-arrest-prevention/) - Sudden cardiac arrest is a serious medical issue that requires emergency assistance. Certain lifestyle changes can reduce your risk of this condition and improve your heart health in general. - [What Causes Bile Duct Cancer?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/bile-duct-cancer-causes/) - It is not totally clear what causes bile duct cancer, but certain factors can increase a person's risk of developing the condition. Here are some important points to consider - [What Are Some Common
Misconceptions About
Individuals Experiencing
Psychosis?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/misconceptions-experiencing-psychosis/) - The myths surrounding psychosis can prevent a person from receiving the mental health assistance they need. Here are some facts about psychosis to separate myth from reality. - [What Is the Average Length
of Treatment for Psychotic
Disorders?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/psychotic-disorders-length-of-treatment/) - Many people with psychotic disorders must receive treatment indefinitely to ensure the effects are properly managed. Here is what you can expect from treatment. - [What Happens If I Don't
Treat My Heart Valve Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/heart-valve-disease-treatment/) - Prompt treatment of heart valve disease improves symptoms and prevents severe, sometimes life-threatening health effects. Here is what you need to know. - [What Happens When
a Heart Valve Fails?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/heart-valve-failure/) - Heart valve diseases can lead to serious health issues, including heart failure. Understanding the effects of these diseases is key to properly managing symptoms with medical treatment and lifestyle changes. - [What Are the Symptoms
of Heart Failure?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/heart-failure-symptoms/) - Properly identifying symptoms of heart failure ensures that you receive the timely medical attention you need to manage the condition and prevent worsening effects. - [What Is the Life
Expectancy for a Person
With Heart Failure?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/heart-failure-life-expectancy/) - [Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/adhd-treatment/) - Many people with ADHD manage the condition with different medications. Understanding ADHD medications and how they work is key to finding an effective treatment for the condition. - [How Does Ischemic Heart
Disease Affect Daily Life?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/ischemic-heart-disease-lifestyle/) - Managing ischemic heart disease is definitely challenging, but taking the right steps to maintain your heart health can help you lead a happy and fulfilling life. - [What Should You Avoid If You Have Ischemia?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/avoid-ischemic-heart-disease/) - For people with ischemia, avoiding certain foods and habits is key for maintaining heart health. Here are a few important health tips to keep in mind. - [Mild Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/mild-acute-respiratory-distress/) - Even mild cases of ARDS require timely medical intervention to prevent serious, sometimes life-threatening, health effects - [Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy/) - Problems with heart function can result from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and severe cases can lead to serious issues like heart failure. Here is what you can expect from the condition and how medications can help. - [Dilated Cardiomyopathy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/dilated-cardiomyopathy/) - Dilated cardiomyopathy can lead to heart failure without proper treatment. Doctors often recommend medication to manage the condition, but surgery may also be necessary - [Valvular Heart Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/valvular-heart-disease/) - Valvular heart diseases can affect how blood flows through the different valves of the heart. Without treatment, this condition can damage the heart and make it harder to function normally - [Endocarditis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/endocarditis-treatment/) - Endocarditis causes inflammation within the valves and chambers of the heart. Doctors often use medication to reduce inflammation and prevent more serious complications. - [Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/anxiety-treatment/) - Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by persistent feelings of worry without apparent cause. Many people with this condition experience relief through medication and therapy - [Dysthymia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/dysthymia/) - While not as severe as major depression, the symptoms of dysthymia can negatively impact a person's life and mood. Here’s how this milder form of depression is commonly treated - [Major Depressive Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/depressive-disorder/) - Major depressive disorder can greatly decrease a person’s quality of life. Fortunately, treatments exist that can help those afflicted effectively manage their symptoms - [Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical-condition/ocd-treatment/) - For many people with OCD, a combination of medication and psychotherapy can effectively control symptoms for an improved quality of life - [Varicose Bronchiectasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/varicose-bronchiectasis/) - A severe lung condition, varicose bronchiectasis is typically linked to cystic fibrosis. Proper treatment can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life - [Cylindrical Bronchiectasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/cylindrical-bronchiectasis/) - Cylindrical bronchiectasis is a lung condition that causes an excess of mucus to collect in the airways. With the right treatment, the health effects associated with bronchiectasis can be effectively controlled - [Guidelines for Pericardial Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/guidelines-for-pericardial-disease/) - Doctors use certain guidelines to diagnose and treat pericardial diseases like pericarditis and pericardial effusion. Here’s what patients can expect. - [How Common is
Pericardial Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-common-is-pericardial-disease/) - Pericardial disease includes conditions like pericardial effusion, acute pericarditis, and others. Pericardial conditions may require emergency medical treatment. - [What Happens When Your
Heart Goes Into
Arrhythmia?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-happens-when-your-heart-goes-into-arrhythmia/) - Arrhythmias aren’t always dangerous, but they can sometimes signal serious medical issues. Here’s what you should know about irregular heartbeats and their health impact. - [Ringworm](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/ringworm/) - Ringworm is a rash that results from a fungal infection that gets its name from its bullseye-like appearance. This rash is typically mild and can be treated with non-prescription ointment. - [v (TSEs/Prion Diseases)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/v-tses-prion-diseases/) - Prion diseases are terminal illnesses that cause major effects to the brain. While incurable, certain medications can ease symptoms. - [Frontal Lobe Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/frontal-lobe-seizures/) - When it comes to frontal lobe seizures, medication is often beneficial. When a medication regimen is ineffective, doctors may recommend certain surgical procedures. - [Temporal Lobe Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/temporal-lobe-seizures/) - Medications are often used to treat temporal lobe seizures. Working with a doctor can help you find the best possible treatment to address seizure disorders and stop negative health effects. - [Focal Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/focal-seizures/) - Focal seizures occur in a specific part of the brain and can cause numerous sensory effects. Upon diagnosis, doctors will recommend certain medications to treat focal seizures and their symptoms. - [Can a Heart Attack Cause Permanent Cardiovascular Damage?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/heart-attack-cause-damage/) - A heart attack can lead to permanent damage, which is why timely medical care is so important for people experiencing symptoms. Here is what you need to know. - [What Are 3 Warning Signs of a Heart Attack?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/warning-signs-of-heart-attack/) - Knowing the common warning signs of a heart attack is crucial for receiving timely medical assistance. Do not ignore the following signs, as they could signal a serious health issue. - [How Do You Know If You Have Angina?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/how-do-you-know-if-you-have-angina/) - Angina is a cardiovascular condition that causes pain and pressure in the chest. Recognizing the symptoms is crucial for getting timely medical assistance and preventing worsening health. - [Does Angina Ever Go Away?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/does-angina-ever-go-away/) - [Pierre Robin Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/pierre-robin-syndrome/) - Pierre Robin Syndrome is a rare congenital disorder that causes facial deformity, as well as breathing and feeding issues. Here’s how doctors typically treat this condition. - [Parry-Romberg Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/parry-romberg-syndrome/) - Parry-Romberg syndrome is associated with progressive facial deformities due to gradual loss of tissue. It may be possible to correct facial defects once the condition stabilizes. - [What Makes Rheumatic
Heart Disease Worse?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/rheumatic-heart-disease-worse/) - There are certain things you should avoid if you’re living with rheumatic heart disease. By being mindful of your heart health, you can prevent serious complications and lead a healthy lifestyle. - [Things to Avoid With
Rheumatic Heart Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/things-to-avoid-with-rheumatic-heart-disease/) - Proper management of rheumatic heart disease is key to leading a healthy life. Here are a few essential steps you can take to avoid future health issues. - [What Risk Factors Are
Associated With Coronary
Artery Disease?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-risk-factors-are-associated-with-coronary-artery-disease/) - Certain risk factors can increase a person's chance of experiencing coronary artery disease. Understanding these factors is key to avoiding major health effects. - [Is Coronary Artery Disease
Very Common Among
Adults?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/is-coronary-artery-disease-very-common-among-adults/) - Coronary artery disease affects many adults in South Africa, but it’s possible to prevent negative health effects. Here are some healthy choices to incorporate into your lifestyle. - [Guillain-Barré Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/guillain-barre-syndrome/) - Some medications can be used to manage the effects of Guillain-Barre syndrome. These medications are often used in conjunction with other treatments. - [Rosacea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/rosacea/) - Rosacea is a skin disorder that causes facial redness, bumps, and swollen blood vessels. Here’s how different medications can lessen symptoms and improve appearance. - [Fifth Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/fifth-disease/) - Fifth disease causes a facial rash that’s similar in appearance to slapped cheeks. Over-the-counter medications can provide relief from symptoms until this viral infection subsides. - [Viral Rashes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/viral-rashes/) - Viral infections can sometimes cause skin issues, such as rashes. While there’s no specific treatment for viral rashes, doctors can prescribe treatments to alleviate bothersome effects. - [How Is Primary
Hypertension Different
From Other Forms of
Hypertension?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/primary-hypertension-different-hypertension/) - Understanding the differences between primary and secondary hypertension is crucial for managing your health. Here are some important facts to consider. - [How Can I Prevent Primary
High Blood Pressure?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/prevent-high-blood-pressure/) - When it comes to high blood pressure, certain lifestyle changes can improve heart health and lower the risk of complications. Here are a few steps you can take. - [How Long Does It Take to
Treat Dyspareunia?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/time-to-treat-dyspareunia/) - Painful intercourse is not only a medical issue, but it can also affect your relationships. Learn more about dyspareunia, how it’s treated, and what to expect during treatment. - [Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/alpha-1-antitrypsin/) - [Treatment For Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/vitamin-k-deficiency/) - [Is my child
developing normally?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/is-my-child-developing-normally/) - [Treatments For Liver Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/liver-disease-liver-cancer/) - [Treatment for Lipoedema](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/lipoedema/) - [Treatment For Fungal Nail Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/fungal-nail-infections/) - [How to Deal With Newborn Feeding Difficulties](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/newborn-feeding-difficulties/) - [Conditions Caused by
E-Cigarettes and Vaping](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/e-cigarettes-and-vaping/) - [Top Risk Factors for Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/risk-factors-arthritis/) - [Virus Vs. Bacteria:
What Is the Difference?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/virus-vs-bacteria-the-difference/) - [The Most Dangerous Viruses
in Human History](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/dangerous-viruses-human-history/) - [What Causes Seizures?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/what-causes-seizures/) - [Treatment for Tic Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/tic-disorders/) - [Do All New-borns Need a
Vitamin K Shot?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/new-borns-vitamin-k-shot/) - [Treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/ocd/) - Antidepressants, including sertraline and fluoxetine, are often effective at treating OCD. Many patients take medication while receiving psychotherapy. - [Resources](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/resources/) - [Latest Stories](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/latest-stories/) - [Disclaimer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/disclaimer/) - [Blog](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/blog/) - [Find a disease or condition by its first letter](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical-conditions/) - [Find A Disease Or Condition By Its First Letter](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical-conditionss/) - [Medications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medications/) - [Medical Conditions](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical-condition/) ## Medical Conditions - [Age-Related Macular
Degeneration (AMD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/age-related-macular-degeneration/) - AMD can lead to vision loss in older adults without proper intervention. Fortunately, timely diagnosis and treatment can prevent vision issues from getting worse. - [Mould Allergy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mould-allergy/) - Mould is a common allergen that can cause respiratory issues like sneezing, congestion, and coughing. Avoiding mould is key to preventing symptoms from occurring. - [Latex Allergy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/latex-allergy/) - Latex exposure causes physical effects like problems breathing, hives, and other issues. Avoiding items made of latex can prevent symptoms from occurring. - [Insect Allergy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/insect-allergy/) - Insect bites cause some people to experience allergic reactions, such as severe swelling. A doctor can help you determine whether you’re allergic to insects. - [Food Allergy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/food-allergy/) - Foods like nuts, fish, dairy, wheat, and other items can all cause unwanted allergic effects. Avoiding these foods is key to preventing the ill-effects they cause. - [Allergies](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/allergies/) - Caused by a faulty immune response, allergies occur when your body interprets a safe substance as harmful. People can be allergic to food, pollen, and other substances. - [Nodular Acne](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nodular-acne/) - Characterized by hard lumps that develop deep within the skin, nodular acne requires treatment by a dermatologist. Oral medications, topical ointments, and cortisone shots can help. - [Fungal Acne](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fungal-acne/) - Often confused with common acne, fungal acne results from exposure to Malassezia yeast, which causes groups of itchy small red bumps to form on the skin. Oral or topical antifungal drugs can eliminate this infection. - [Pustules](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pustules/) - A type of inflammatory acne, pustules result from clogged pores. Acne pustules are very common and can often be treated with a skin care routine, over-the-counter treatments, and prescription medications - [Papules](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/papules/) - Papules are a common type of acne. Home remedies are often effective at fighting this type of acne, but your doctor can also recommend topical or oral medications. - [Total Anomalous Pulmonary
Venous Return (TAPVR)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tapvr/) - TAPVR is a rare congenital heart defect that limits how much oxygen a baby receives. Open-heart surgery is used to correct the defect by improving blood flow - [Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
(HLHS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypoplastic-left-heart-syndrome/) - A type of rare congenital condition, HLHS causes developmental problems with the left side of a baby’s heart. Children with this heart defect require medication and surgery to manage their health - [Atrioventricular (AV) Septal Defect](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/av-septal-defect/) - A type of congenital heart problem, AV septal defects are caused by poor heart development prior to birth. As a result, an excess of blood can flow to the lungs, which puts strain on the heart - [Atrial Septal Defect](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/atrial-defect/) - An atrial septal defect is a congenital heart condition. While not everyone with this defect experiences symptoms, severe cases can be treated with medication and surgery. - [Viral Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/viral-infections-in-children/) - It is hard to see your little one struggling with flu symptoms, but rest assured that most children experience mild symptoms with common viral infections and often make full recoveries. - [Bacterial Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bacterial-infections-in-children/) - Bacteria play important roles in our bodies, but some strains can cause illness in children and adults. Here is what parents should know about bacterial infections in kids. - [Vaccines](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/childhood-vaccines/) - Getting your child vaccinated is a crucial aspect of health and wellness. Here is what parents should know about vaccinations, including why they are so crucial. - [Early Childhood Nutrition](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nutrition-importance-childhood/) - Brain development occurs at a rapid pace during early childhood years, and providing your child with nutritious foods at each step ensures steady growth and knowledge-building. - [Endometriosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/endometriosis-pain/) - Endometriosiscan cause pelvic pain, painful menstruation, and infertility. Treatments, including surgery and medication, help control symptoms and alleviate discomfort. - [Bone Cancer and Tumours](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bone-cancer-and-tumours/) - The effects of bone cancer vary greatly according to the type of disease present, as well as the patient’s general state of health. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can improve a patient’s outlook when it comes to bone cancers - [Endometriosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/endometriosis/) - Endometriosis can cause significant discomfort, but it can also result in fertility issues that impact a woman’s ability to conceive. Treatments include medication and surgery. - [Viral Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/viral-infections-2/) - It is hard to see your little one struggling with flu symptoms, but rest assured that most children experience mild symptoms with common viral infections and often make full recoveries. - [Early Childhood Nutrition](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/early-childhood-nutrition/) - Brain development occurs at a rapid pace during early childhood years, and providing your child with nutritious foods at each step ensures steady growth and knowledge-building. - [Bacterial Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bacterial-infections-2/) - Bacteria play important roles in our bodies, but some strains can cause illness in children and adults. Here is what parents should know about bacterial infections in kids. - [Vaccines](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vaccines/) - Getting your child vaccinated is a crucial aspect of health and wellness. Here is what parents should know about vaccinations, including why they are so crucial. - [Childhood Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/childhood-diseases/) - When it comes to certain childhood diseases, early diagnosis can help improve the outcome greatly. Here’s what you need to know about common childhood ailments. - [Inflammatory Bowel Syndrome
(IBS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/inflammatory-bowel-syndrome/) - IBS is a collection of GI symptoms like cramping, constipation, and diarrhoea. While not associated with serious health effects, IBS can be uncomfortable, but fortunately, there are many treatments available - [Neoplastic Splenomegaly](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/neoplastic-splenomegaly/) - Neoplastic splenomegaly is linked to blood cancers called myeloproliferative neoplasms. Along with cancer therapies, doctors can also treat this form of spleen enlargement with radiation and surgery - [Microscopic Haematuria](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/microscopic-haematuria/) - Blood can sometimes be detected in microscopic amounts within the urine. This is known as microscopic haematuria, and while not usually harmful, it can sometimes signal a serious underlying medical condition - [Gross Haematuria](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gross-haematuria/) - Haematuria is another name for the presence of blood in the urine. Gross haematuria describes situations where the blood within urine causes a change to the colour and is visible with the naked eye - [Sporadic Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
(LAM)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sporadic-lam/) - Sporadic LAM causes an overgrowth of cells in the lungs, which can lead to breathing problems. LAM results from gene mutations that can be passed along by a parent, but with sporadic LAM, these mutations occur spontaneously - [Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
With Tuberous Sclerosis
Complex (TSC-LAM)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tsc-lam/) - TSC-LAM is a rare genetic condition that affects the lungs, as well as other organs and body parts. Doctors use a combination of medication, breathing treatments, and surgery to address this condition - [Secondary Lymphedema](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/secondary-lymphedema/) - Lymphedema can cause inflammation of the hands, arms, legs, and feet, as well as other areas. When an underlying illness or injury causes dysfunction of the lymphatic system, subsequent swelling is known as secondary lymphedema - [Reticular Varicose Veins](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/reticular-varicose-veins/) - Reticular veins do not lead to serious health problems, but they can cause minor discomfort and negatively affect one’s appearance. Fortunately, this common condition responds well to treatment - [Wet Age-Related Macular
Degeneration (AMD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/wet-amd/) - Wet AMD is a leading cause of vision loss among older adults. Timely diagnosis and treatment of this eye disorder is the best way to prevent worsening vision as you grow older - [Dry Age-Related Macular
Degeneration (AMD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dry-amd/) - Dry macular degeneration causes protein deposits to accumulate underneath the macula, which is part of the retina. While gradual vision loss can occur, early treatment is key for slowing the progression of this condition. - [Sleepwalking (Somnambulism)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sleepwalking-somnambulism/) - Sleepwalking is not usually associated with serious health risks, but it can lead to injuries. Here is what you should know about this fascinating health condition. - [Narcolepsy Type 1
(With Cataplexy)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/narcolepsy-type1-cataplexy/) - Narcolepsy causes a sudden and insatiable urge to sleep during the day. Type 1 narcolepsy is characterized by a symptom called cataplexy, which causes brief episodes of muscle weakness - [Transient Insomnia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/transient-insomnia/) - Bouts of insomnia that last fewer than three months are known as transient. Transient insomnia is usually treated with lifestyle modifications, medication, and therapy - [Cheyne-Stokes Respirations](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cheyne-stokes-respirations/) - Cheyne-Stokes respirations cause abnormal patterns of breathing, often during sleep. The condition can be confused with sleep apnoea when symptoms occur at night - [Whiteheads](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acne-whiteheads/) - A type of acne, whiteheads are a common skin issue characterized by small bumps appearing on the face, neck, and back. Most people can control acne with a combination of skin care and non-prescription treatments. - [Blackheads](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/blackheads/) - Blackheads are a common form of acne that results from clogged pores. Treatment includes topical ointments, medication, and a good skin care regimen. - [Urothelial Carcinoma
(Bladder Cancer)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/urothelial-carcinoma/) - Urothelial carcinoma is a type of cancer that begins in the cells inside the bladder. With early diagnosis and prompt treatment, many people experience a good outcome. - [Squamous Cell Carcinoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/squamous-cell-carcinoma/) - Squamous cell carcinoma is a type of bladder cancer that results from repeated bouts of inflammation within the organ. Common causes include parasitic infections and the use of catheters. - [Ankle Joint Fractures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ankle-joint-fractures/) - Fractures in the bones that make up the ankle joint are very common and typically do not cause lasting health effects when prompt treatment is sought. Here is what you can expect. - [Achilles Tendinitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/achilles-tendinitis/) - Achilles tendinitis is a condition that causes pain and dysfunction of the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscle to the heel bone. - [Broken Arm](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/broken-arm/) - Arm fractures or breaks can range from mild to severe. The extent of the damage will dictate the best treatment approach, which can include the placement of casts or splints, as well as surgery - [Prepatellar Bursitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/prepatellar-bursitis/) - Prepatellar bursitis causes the knee to become inflamed, often due to injury or repetitive movement. Here is how this common and usually minor knee condition is treated - [Exocrine Pancreatic Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/exocrine-pancreatic-cancer/) - Exocrine pancreatic cancer is a serious disease that requires advanced treatment to manage. Along with surgery and chemotherapy, people with this condition can also benefit from palliative care for improved quality of life - [Interstitial Oedematous
Pancreatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/interstitial-oedematous-pancreatitis/) - Interstitial oedematous pancreatitis causes abdominal pain, nausea, and other symptoms. Acute pancreatitis usually subsides after a few days, but in rare cases it can lead to chronic problems or cause serious effects. - [Chronic Calcifying Pancreatitis
(CCP) With Type 3c Diabetes
Mellitus (T3cDM)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/calcifying-pancreatitis-ccp/) - Chronic forms of pancreatitis can lead to a secondary form of diabetes characterized by classic symptoms. Here’s how doctors can manage this complex health condition - [Wandering Spleen](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/wandering-spleen/) - Much like the name suggests, wandering spleen is a rare medical condition where the spleen moves around inside the body. In many cases, wandering spleen requires surgery to remove the organ. - [Accessory Spleen](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/accessory-spleen/) - Also known as a supernumerary spleen, an accessory spleen consists of splenic tissue that develops in proximity to the spleen or in other areas within the abdominal cavity. While surgery is sometimes necessary, most people don’t require treatment for an accessory spleen. - [Splenic Rupture](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/splenic-rupture/) - Ruptured spleens, which often result from some type of bodily trauma, can be life-threatening. That means emergency medical attention must be sought if a spleen rupture is expected - [Hypersplenism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypersplenism/) - Also known as overactive spleen, hypersplenism can cause symptoms like abdominal discomfort, a feeling of fullness soon after eating, and anaemia. Here’s what you should know about hypersplenism and its impact on your health. - [Splenomegaly](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/splenomegaly/) - Splenomegaly, also known as enlarged spleen, can be linked to many distinct medical conditions. A doctor can determine whether an enlarged spleen is caused by a more serious health issue - [Splenic Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/splenic-diseases/) - Part of the lymphatic system, the spleen plays a crucial role in bodily functions. Spleen disorders can affect function and lead to symptoms like abdominal pain. - [Surgical Trauma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/surgical-trauma/) - All surgeries carry a degree of risk, but some patients experience significant surgical trauma that can have a lasting impact on their health - [Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
and Chronic Pain](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ibd-pain/) - IBD includes conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Some people with IBD experience persistent, chronic pain in addition to episodes of acute pain. - [Chronic Pain and Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cancer-pain/) - Chronic pain can often accompany cancer and its treatments. While chronic pain conditions cannot always be cured, they can often be managed with proper treatment - [Chronic Pain From
Lyme Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lyme-disease-pain/) - Lyme disease can sometimes cause chronic symptoms, including pain and stiffness in the joints. Additional ongoing symptoms may include fatigue and mental fog. - [Nerve Damage](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nerve-damage/) - Nerve damage can result from medical conditions, disorders, and injuries. While many types of nerve damage can be treated, severe issues may cause lasting health effects. - [Fibromyalgia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fibromyalgia-pain/) - Fibromyalgia is associated with substantial pain that occurs all over the body. Doctors aren’t sure what causes this condition, but believe genetics, physical trauma, or stress may play a role. - [Strains and Sprains](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/strains-and-sprains/) - Both strains and sprains can cause discomfort and dysfunction of the muscles, tendons, and ligaments, but most people are able to make a full recovery with adequate rest and home care. - [Repetitive Stress Injuries](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/repetitive-stress-injuries/) - Over time, repetitive movements can cause damage to bodily tissues like muscles and tendons. The injuries that result can be addressed with home remedies as well as therapy in some cases. - [Headaches](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/headaches/) - Occasional headaches are normal, but chronic daily headaches can severely affect your quality of life. Here’s what you must know about this chronic health condition. - [Back Pain](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chronic-back-pain/) - While back pain can be bothersome, it rarely results in serious health problems. This common ailment can also be effectively treated to improve function and reduce symptoms. - [Arthritis & Other Joint
Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/arthritis-other-joint-problems/) - Arthritis and other joint issues can cause problems like pain, inflammation, and limited mobility. Finding the right treatment can stop joint dysfunction and improve quality of life. - [Chronic Pain Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chronic-pain-syndrome/) - Chronic pain disorders can greatly inhibit your life and bodily function. However, the right treatment can minimize effects and alleviate discomfort. - [Pituitary Tumours](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pituitary-tumours/) - While not usually cancerous, pituitary tumours can disrupt numerous bodily functions and cause major health issues. Effective treatment is key for reducing symptoms and preventing more serious effects. - [Pineoblastoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pineoblastoma/) - Pineoblastoma is a rare form of cancer that develops on the pineal gland. While pineoblastoma cannot be cured, timely treatment of this condition is crucial for a good prognosis. - [Paediatric Brain
Tumours](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/paediatric-brain-tumours/) - Paediatric brain tumours can affect children of all ages and require immediate diagnosis to ensure the proper treatment is provided. Here’s what parents must know. - [Oligodendroglioma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/oligodendroglioma/) - A type of brain tumor, oligodendrogliomas develop from the glial cells that support nervous system function. With treatment, the outlook of the condition is often good. - [Meningioma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/meningioma/) - Meningioma is an often-benign growth that occurs in the brain. While some meningiomas don’t require treatment, doctors can also recommend surgery and radiation therapy. - [Glioma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/glioma/) - Gliomas are a type of brain tumour that can be cancerous or non-cancerous. Timely diagnosis of the condition is key to receiving appropriate treatment. - [Glioblastoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/glioblastoma/) - Glioblastomas are a type of brain tumour associated with very serious health effects. While there is no cure for glioblastomas, treatment can alleviate symptoms in patients. - [Ependymoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ependymoma/) - [Papillary Brain Tumours](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/papillary-tumour/) - Papillary brain tumours develop in proximity to the pituitary gland. While rare, the outlook with these tumours is often positive for many people - [Craniopharyngioma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/craniopharyngioma/) - Craniopharyngiomas are a type of benign tumour that can impact the function of the pituitary gland. While not cancerous, these growths often require treatment to manage symptoms and prevent complications. - [Adamantinomatous Brain
Tumours](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/adamantinomatous/) - Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma is a type of brain tumour that usually affects children. These growths can cause many serious effects, and ongoing treatment may be needed to manage health issues. - [Choroid Plexus Carcinoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/choroid-plexus-carcinoma/) - A rare paediatric brain cancer, choroid plexus carcinoma causes tumours to grow in the part of the brain that generates a protective fluid. Surgery is often needed to remove tumours. - [Brain Metastases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/brain-metastases/) - [Astrocytoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/astrocytoma/) - [Acoustic Neuroma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acoustic-neuroma/) - A benign growth that develops in the ears, acoustic neuromas cause issues with balance and hearing. Surgery is sometimes needed to remove the growth to improve quality of life. - [Brain Tumours](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/brain-tumours/) - Brain tumours are often treated using a combination of medication, surgery, and other therapies. Here’s what you must know if you’ve been recently diagnosed. - [Naturopathy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/naturopathy/) - Naturopathy involves using natural healing methods to improve health and treat certain medical conditions. Here’s what you should know about these treatments and how they work. - [Chiropractic](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chiropractic/) - Chiropractic care can effectively relieve pain and dysfunction caused by medical conditions or physical trauma. Here’s what patients should know about these treatments. - [Osteopathy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/osteopathy/) - A form of alternative medicine, osteopathy claims to enhance overall wellness by focusing treatment on the musculoskeletal system. Here’s what patients should know. - [Homeopathy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/homeopathy/) - Homeopathy is a type of alternative medicine that uses natural substances to treat common ailments. This guide explains how homeopathy works and whether it is right for you. - [Alternative Medicine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/alternative-medicine/) - Alternative medicine can supplement traditional treatments to improve the outcome of medical conditions. Here are some alternative treatments to explore. - [Osteomalacia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/osteomalacia/) - [Fibrous Dysplasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fibrous-dysplasia/) - Fibrous dysplasia is a rare genetic disorder that can cause bones to become weaker. Your doctor can recommend a suitable treatment to maintain your health. - [Osteomyelitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/osteomyelitis/) - Osteomyelitis is a type of bone infection that often requires surgery. Doctors can also prescribe antibiotics to treat the infection and stop it from spreading to other areas. - [Osteoarthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/osteoarthritis/) - Osteoarthritis is a joint disease that causes cartilage to break down due to daily wear and tear. While there is no cure, certain treatments can reduce symptoms. - [Osteonecrosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/osteonecrosis/) - [Osteogenesis Imperfecta](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/osteogenesis-imperfecta/) - [Paget’s Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pagets-disease/) - [Osteopenia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/osteopenia/) - When bone density decreases, but doesn’t meet the criteria for osteoporosis, the condition is called osteopenia. Lifestyle changes are recommended to decrease the rate of bone loss. - [Osteoporosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/osteoporosis/) - Osteoporosis occurs when bone tissues degrade faster than they regenerate. This condition increases the risk of fractures and is more common in older women. - [Bone Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bone-diseases/) - Bone diseases include osteoporosis, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. Here’s what you can expect when it comes to treatment. - [Tongue-Based Obstruction](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tongue-based-obstruction/) - TBO is a condition where the tongue obstructs a child’s airway. TBO can be full or partial, and its severity dictates how the disorder is treated. - [Syndromic Craniosynostosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/syndromic-craniosynostosis/) - [Rare Craniofacial Clefts](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/rare-craniofacial-clefts/) - Rare craniofacial clefts affect the development of a child’s head and face. Because the effects of this condition are often severe, comprehensive treatment is needed for the best possible prognosis. - [Pfeiffer Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pfeiffer-syndrome/) - A genetic disorder, Pfeiffer syndrome affects how bones fuse in the skull. It can also impact bone fusion in the hands and feet. Symptoms impact appearance and function. - [Parry-Romberg Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/parry-romberg-syndrome/) - Parry-Romberg syndrome causes tissues in the face to atrophy, which can have an impact on a person's appearance. Here’s what you should know about this rare disorder. - [Oromandibular Limb
Hypoplasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/oromandibular-limb-hypoplasia/) - Oromandibular limb hypoplasia impacts bone development in the tongue and jaw, as well as other areas of the body. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to a favourable outcome. - [Orbital Hypertelorism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/orbital-hypertelorism/) - Orbital hypertelorism results from a larger than normal space between a child’s eye sockets. Doctors may recommend certain surgical procedures to treat orbital hypertelorism. - [Opitz Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/opitz-syndrome/) - Opitz syndrome can cause widespread health effects in children. When the condition is severe, a child may require ongoing treatment to address physical and intellectual effects of the condition. - [Non-Syndromic
Craniosynostosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/non-syndromic-craniosynostosis/) - Non-syndromic craniosynostosis causes abnormalities in the shape of an infant’s skull. The condition is often treated with surgery, which can provide room for healthy brain growth. - [Muenke Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/muenke-syndrome/) - [Micrognathia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/micrognathia/) - [Linear Scleroderma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/linear-scleroderma/) - Linear scleroderma is a juvenile skin disorder that causes thick, discoloured patches of skin to form on different areas of the body. Here’s what parents should know about the condition. - [Hemihyperplasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hemihyperplasia/) - [Hemifacial Microsomia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hemifacial-microsomia/) - [Fat Atrophy in Children](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fat-atrophy-in-children/) - [Facial Motion Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/facial-motion-disorders/) - Facial motion disorders in children can occur due to injury, illness, or issues during birth. For those impacted by these conditions, understanding why they occur and how they’re treated is key. - [Dermoid Cyst](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dermoid-cyst/) - [Deformational Plagiocephaly](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/craniofacial-disorders-deformational-plagiocephaly/) - [Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/craniofacial-fibrous-dysplasia/) - [Complex Cutis Aplasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/complex-cutis-aplasia/) - [Binder Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/binder-syndrome/) - [Apert Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/apert-syndrome/) - A type of genetic disorder, Apert syndrome occurs when bones in the feet, hands, and skull fuse abnormally. It causes deformities that affect the face, teeth, and other areas. - [Craniosynostosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/craniosynostosis/) - A type of birth defect, craniosynostosis occurs when the skull fuses together too early. This can lead to an abnormally shaped skull as a baby’s brain continues to grow. - [Craniofacial Disorders
in Children](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/craniofacial-disorders-in-children/) - Craniofacial disorders impact the appearance of children, but they also cause major dysfunction. Surgery can often help reduce the impact of these disorders. - [Smell & Taste Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/smell-taste-disorders/) - Loss of the ability to smell and taste can result from many medical issues, such as nasal polyps, dental problems, head injuries, medication, and hormonal fluctuation. - [Triad Asthma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/triad-asthma/) - [Nosebleeds](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nosebleeds/) - [Nasal Masses & Tumours](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nasal-masses-tumours/) - [Nasal Fracture](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nasal-fracture/) - [Meningoencephalocele](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/meningoencephalocele/) - Meningoencephalocele causes brain tissues to protrude through a defective area of the skull. Symptoms include seizures, headache, fever, and rash, similar to meningitis. - [Inverting Papilloma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/inverting-papilloma/) - A type of benign tumour, inverting papilloma develops in the nasal cavity in response to chronic sinus infections. Most people receive surgery to remove the growth. - [Fungal Sinusitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fungal-sinusitis/) - [Nasal & Sinus Polyps](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nasal-sinus-polyps/) - Chronic inflammation of the nasal cavity can irritate tissue, which causes growths known as nasal polyps. Steroid inhalers and medication are common treatments. - [Chronic Sinusitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sinus-disorder-chronic-sinusitis/) - [Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak
(CSF Leak)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cerebrospinal-fluid-leak/) - A tear in the membranes surrounding the spinal cord can cause cerebrospinal fluid to leak out. Some patients get better with bed rest, while others require surgery. - [Allergic Rhinitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/allergic-rhinitis/) - Allergens like dust and pollen cause allergic rhinitis, a condition where the inside of the nasal cavity becomes inflamed. Symptoms include congestion and sneezing. - [Nose and Sinus Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nose-and-sinus-disorders/) - Nose and sinus diseases can impede breathing while also causing substantial discomfort. Here’s how these disorders can be treated to improve symptoms. - [Dehydration](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dehydration/) - Insufficient fluid intake can affect numerous other areas of the body. Here’s why drinking the right amount of water is so crucial to your health and wellness. - [Ventricular Fibrillation](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ventricular-fibrillation/) - A type of irregular heartbeat, ventricular fibrillation is a medical emergency that can be life-threatening. Symptoms include dizziness, fainting, and heart attack. - [Pulmonary Embolism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pulmonary-embolism/) - [Vasculitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vasculitis/) - Vasculitis occurs when vessels become inflamed, which blocks blood flow. Commonly treated with corticosteroids, surgery may be required if an aneurysm forms. - [Stroke](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/circulatory-system-disease-stroke/) - A burst or blocked blood vessel in the brain can cause a stroke. Strokes require emergency medical assistance to prevent major complications and loss of life. - [High Cholesterol](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/high-cholesterol/) - High cholesterol levels increase your risk of serious issues, such as stroke. Because there are no symptoms, regular testing is crucial in managing cholesterol. - [Heart Valve Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/circulatory-system-heart-valve-disease/) - [Heart Failure](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/heart-failure/) - Heart failure occurs when your heart has issues pumping blood, which can lead to fatigue, swollen extremities, and other symptoms. Here’s what you should know. - [Congenital Heart Disease
(CHD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/circulatory-system-chd/) - A type of birth defect, congenital heart disease can range from mild to severe. Medical intervention is needed to repair the issue and prevent complications. - [Cardiomyopathy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cardiomyopathy/) - A disease affecting the heart muscle, cardiomyopathy reduces the heart’s ability to pump blood. The condition can lead to heart failure without treatment. - [Blood Pressure Conditions](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/blood-pressure-conditions/) - [Atherosclerosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/atherosclerosis/) - Plaque in the arteries impedes the flow of blood as arteries thicken. Atherosclerosis is usually treated with medication or surgery, as well as lifestyle changes. - [Arrhythmias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/heart-arrhythmias/) - Irregular heartbeats often cause no symptoms, but some people experience chest pain and dizziness. Fortunately, a number of treatments can prevent symptoms. - [Aneurysms](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/aneurysms/) - Bulges in arterial walls are known as aneurysms. Aneurysms pose a serious health risk and usually develop in the brain and aorta, although they can appear in any artery. - [Vascular Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vascular-diseases/) - [Circulatory System Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/circulatory-system-diseases/) - The cardiovascular system provides oxygen and nutrients to the rest of the body. When problems arise, people can experience a range of symptoms and effects. - [Sarcopenia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/muscular-system-sarcopenia/) - Age-related muscle loss is known as sarcopenia, which is most common in people 60 and older. A healthy diet and physical activity can build strength and vitality. - [Cardiomyopathy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/muscular-system-cardiomyopathy/) - A disease affecting your heart muscle, cardiomyopathy impedes blood flow to other areas of the body. Medication and surgery can relieve symptoms and prevent complications. - [Rhabdomyolysis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/rhabdomyolysis/) - When damaged, muscles can release tissue into the blood and cause serious health problems, including organ failure. Severe cases of rhabdo require emergency treatment. - [Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
(ALS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/muscular-system-als/) - ALS causes degradation of cells within the brain and spinal cord. There is no cure for the disease and ongoing management is required to help people with daily tasks. - [Myasthenia Gravis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/muscular-system-myasthenia-gravis/) - An autoimmune disorder, myasthenia gravis causes progressive muscle weakness. Early diagnosis offers the best prognosis when it comes to managing this condition. - [Myasthenia Gravis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/myasthenia-gravis/) - Problems between the nerves and muscles are a key feature of Myasthenia gravis. Treatments like medication, intravenous therapy, and surgery can relieve symptoms. - [Muscular Dystrophy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/muscular-system-muscular-dystrophy/) - A category of diseases, muscular dystrophy causes progressive loss of muscle mass. Treatment delays symptoms and improves bodily function for better quality of life. - [Dermatomyositis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dermatomyositis/) - Characterized by muscle weakness and rash, dermatomyositis requires lifelong treatment to manage symptoms. Treatment includes medication, therapy, and surgery. - [Polymyositis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/polymyositis/) - A disease that causes chronic muscle inflammation, polymyositis affects numerous bodily functions. Though there’s no cure, treatment can improve symptoms. - [Muscular System Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/muscular-system-diseases/) - Muscle disorders include multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and myopathy. These diseases can require lifelong treatment to reduce symptoms. - [Treacher Collins Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/treacher-collins-syndrome/) - [Tracheoesophageal Fistula &
Oesophageal Atresia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tracheoesophageal-fistula-oesophageal-atresia/) - [Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/saethre-chotzen-syndrome/) - Saethre-Chotzen syndrome affects skull formation. This disorder causes effects like wide set, crossed eyes and abnormal head shape. Surgery may be required. - [Prader-Willi Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/prader-willi-syndrome/) - A type of genetic disorder, Prader Willi causes mental and physical effects. The most prominent symptom is an intense hunger that usually appears around age two. - [Pfeiffer Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/congenital-pfeiffer-syndrome/) - Pfeiffer syndrome is a genetic disorder that causes facial abnormalities, as well as other health effects. Here’s what you must know about the condition and how it’s treated. - [Multisuture Synostosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/multisuture-synostosis/) - Multisuture synostosis includes several disorders that cause premature fusion of the skull bones. Along with head shape, brain development is also affected. - [Microtia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/microtia/) - Microtia affects the development of the outer ear. Because the inner ear develops normally, children usually only experience mild hearing loss with this disorder. - [Marfan Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/marfan-syndrome/) - Marfan impacts the body’s connective tissues and causes the legs, fingers, and arms to appear longer than normal. Complications can be avoided with medication and treatment. - [Lysosomal Storage Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lysosomal-storage-disorders/) - Lysosomal storage disorders affect how the body processes fats and sugars. This can lead to increasing toxicity, but treatments help avoid serious complications. - [Diaphragmatic Hernia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/diaphragmatic-hernia/) - This birth defect causes a hole to form in the diaphragm, which is a muscle that helps you breathe. Surgery can repair the opening and ensure proper lung function. - [Deformational Plagiocephaly](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/deformational-plagiocephaly/) - When a baby remains in the same position too often, they can develop a flat spot somewhere on their head. Helmets are used to foster proper skull growth. - [Crouzon Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/crouzon-syndrome/) - Abnormal skull fusion is a key characteristic of Crouzon syndrome. This can lead to problems with vision and hearing, as well as excess fluid in the brain. - [Pediatric Craniosynostosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pediatric-craniosynostosis/) - Craniosynostosis occurs when the bones in a baby’s skull fuse too soon. Surgery can be used to correct abnormalities and avoid further health complications. - [Clubfoot](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/clubfoot/) - Shortened tendons cause clubbed foot, which leads to abnormalities of the shape and position of a child’s foot or feet. Treatment can improve functionality. - [Carpenter Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/carpenter-syndrome/) - Carpenter syndrome causes malformations of the skull. The condition is also associated with hearing loss, obesity, and intellectual disabilities, which range in severity. - [Birth Defects](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/birth-defects/) - Birth defects are genetic disorders that are present from birth. They cause physical and mental effects. Children typically require ongoing support to manage symptoms. - [Biotinidase Deficiency](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/biotinidase-deficiency/) - Biotin is key to breaking down fats, and children with biotinidase deficiencies have issues with their nutrient intake. Supplements can replace the nutrients children lack. - [Angelman Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/angelman-syndrome/) - A genetic disorder that impacts the nervous system, Angelman syndrome can cause developmental issues, seizures, and affect a child’s speech and coordination. - [Spina Bifida](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/spina-bifida/) - A birth defect, spina bifida affects the formation of the backbone and causes issues with movement. In addition to surgery, some people require assistive devices. - [Fragile X Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fragile-x-syndrome/) - A genetic disorder, fragile X syndrome causes developmental and learning disabilities. While there’s no cure, therapy helps people with this condition lead full lives. - [Congenital Heart Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/congenital-heart-disease/) - Congenital heart disease is present from birth and can affect the function and structure of the heart. Here’s what parents must know about this condition. - [Cleft Palate](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cleft-palate/) - Cleft palate occurs when the tissues making up the roof of the mouth don’t form prior to birth. Surgery can improve a child's speaking and breathing ability. - [Cleft Lip](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cleft-lip/) - The tissues making up the lip can sometimes fail to form before birth, which causes cleft lip. Surgery can correct cleft lip to improve appearance and function. - [Congenital Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/congenital-disorders/) - Also known as birth defects, congenital disorders occur during pregnancy. However, their effects may not become evident until later in a child’s life. - [Paracoccidioidomycosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/paracoccidioidomycosis/) - A type of fungal infection, paracoccidioidomycosis can result in shortness of breath, fever, fatigue, and weight loss. However, the majority of people never develop symptoms. - [Cryptococcus Gattii Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cryptococcus-gattii-infection/) - C. gattii Infections result from inhalation of fungus spores. This infection can impact the lungs and the brain and causes symptoms like shortness of breath and headaches. - [Blastomycosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/blastomycosis/) - A type of rare fungal infection, blastomycosis typically results from inhalation of spores. Symptoms include coughing, fatigue, fever, and shortness of breath. - [Ringworm](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ringworm/) - [Vaginal Candidiasis
(Yeast Infection)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vaginal-candidiasis/) - [Candidiasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/candidiasis/) - While the fungus that causes candidiasis doesn’t always result in symptoms, it can lead to serious infections in some situations. Here’s what you need to know. - [Fungal Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fungal-diseases/) - Fungal infections include ringworm, candidiasis, and onychomycosis. With the right medical care, you can overcome fungal diseases and alleviate symptoms. - [Fungal Nail Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/onychomycosis/) - Fungal infections of the nails are quite common and don’t usually cause major medical issues. Here’s what you should know about onychomycosis and how it’s treated. - [Prostate Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/prostate-problems/) - Prostate problems in men can range from mild to severe depending on the cause. The prostate is a gland that plays a crucial role in the reproductive process. - [Haematuria](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/haematuria/) - Blood in the urine is known as haematuria. Causes of haematuria include bladder inflammation, cancer, kidney stones, infections, and many other health issues. - [Urinary Retention](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/urinary-retention/) - [Kidney Stones](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/kidney-stones/) - Kidney stones are mineralized deposits that form within different areas of the urinary tract. While uncomfortable, kidneys stones do not often cause lasting effects. - [Bladder Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bladder-cancer/) - Bladder cancer is very treatable, particularly when the condition is diagnosed early. Here are some symptoms and how a doctor can help determine a diagnosis. - [Overactive Bladder (OAB)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/oab/) - An overactive bladder causes the frequent urge to urinate, which can be accompanied by urine leakage. Causes range from medical conditions to muscle dysfunction. - [Urinary Incontinence (UI)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/urinary-incontinence/) - Urinary incontinence causes accidental urine leaks. The condition is most common in older women and leakage issues range from mild to severe, depending on the cause. - [Cystitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cystitis/) - A type of urinary tract infection, cystitis causes bladder inflammation. Most people only experience mild symptoms, and the condition typically goes away on its own. - [Urologic & Bladder Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/urologic-bladder-disorders/) - [Tetralogy of Fallot](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tetralogy-of-fallot/) - [Septal Defect](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/septal-defect/) - Septal defects can affect heart function and cause heart murmurs, breathing problems, and feeding fatigue. When needed, surgery and medication are common. - [Neonatal Sepsis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/neonatal-sepsis/) - Neonatal sepsis is a serious condition associated with severe health effects in newborns. Swift treatment is crucial to prevent worsening symptoms and complications. - [Rh Incompatibility](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/rh-incompatibility/) - [Neonatal Retraction](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/retraction/) - Chest refractions are one of many symptoms indicating respiratory distress syndrome. This breathing condition most often affects premature newborns and requires immediate treatment. - [Retinopathy of Prematurity](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/retinopathy-of-prematurity/) - ROP occurs when blood vessels in the eyes develop abnormally in infants. Serious cases require treatment to maintain eye health and avoid vision loss. - [Respiratory Distress
Syndrome (RDS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/respiratory-distress-syndrome/) - In premature babies whose lungs aren’t fully developed, RDS can cause breathing issues. Oxygen treatments can help newborns breathe until their lungs develop fully. - [Pneumothorax](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pneumothorax/) - With pneumothorax, air accumulates outside the lungs and puts them at risk of collapsing. Doctors can use a surgical procedure to release excess air around the lungs. - [Pneumonia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/childhood-pneumonia/) - A respiratory infection, pneumonia can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungus. Most children fight off symptoms and make a full recovery from the infection. - [Persistent Pulmonary
Hypertension of the
Newborn (PPHN)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/persistent-pulmonary-hypertension/) - Problems with a newborn’s pulmonary arteries can lead to PPHN, a life-threatening illness. Supplemental oxygen can help with breathing and prevent worsening effects. - [Periventricular Leukomalacia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/periventricular-leukomalacia/) - Premature babies can experience PVL, which is a type of brain injury that can lead to development issues and other health effects. Severe forms require ongoing therapy. - [Periodic Breathing](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/periodic-breathing/) - The breathing patterns in infants can vary, which is a normal occurrence. However, any signs of respiratory issues require further examination to ensure timely treatment. - [Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/patent-ductus-arteriosus/) - The ductus arteriosus allows babies to receive blood in the womb. If the ductus arteriosus does not close after birth, PDA can cause growth problems and breathing issues. - [Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/necrotizing-enterocolitis/) - NEC destroys intestinal tissues in infants, which then allows bacteria to invade the body. The condition is most common in premature babies with underdeveloped immune systems. - [Meconium Aspiration](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/meconium-aspiration/) - Infants can sometimes inhale meconium, or faeces, during delivery. Immediate treatment and antibiotics can prevent worsening effects, and most babies have a good prognosis. - [Laryngomalacia &
Tracheomalacia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/laryngomalacia-tracheomalacia/) - Laryngomalacia causes noisy, difficult breathing, while tracheomalacia involves partial collapse of the windpipe while breathing. Surgery may be needed to correct issues. - [Neonatal Jaundice
(Hyperbilirubinemia)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hyperbilirubinemia/) - Infant jaundice causes a baby’s skin and eyes to appear yellow. The condition is quite common, particularly in premature babies, and treatment is not always required. - [Intraventricular Haemorrhage](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/intraventricular-haemorrhage/) - Premature babies who’ve experienced stress are more likely to develop IVH, which involves bleeding into the ventricles encompassing the brain. Severe cases require surgery. - [Intrauterine Growth
Retardation](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/intrauterine-growth-retardation/) - IUGR occurs when foetal development is delayed inside the womb. In many cases, delayed growth results from a mother’s lack of nutritional intake while pregnant. - [Hypothermia in Newborns](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypothermia-in-newborns/) - Newborns can sometimes have issues producing body heat and may experience hypothermia as a result. Doctors will take steps to warm the infant to raise body temperature. - [Hydrocele & Hernia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hydrocele-hernia/) - Hydroceles, or fluid accumulation in the scrotum that leads to swelling, can sometimes be accompanied by hernias in newborns. Persistent issues are treated via surgery. - [Heart Valve Abnormalities](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/heart-valve-abnormalities/) - Defects of the heart valves can affect how well the organ functions. Some babies require surgery to correct the defect and avoid worsening health issues. - [Heart Murmurs](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/heart-murmurs/) - Many newborns have heart murmurs, which typically cause no serious issues. However, a doctor may want to take a closer look if the child experiences other health problems. - [Heart Failure
in the Neonatal Period](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/heart-failure-neonatal/) - Heart failure occurs when a baby’s heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to the rest of the body. Medication and surgery can be used to improve heart function. - [Gastrostomy Tube/Button](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gastrostomy-tube-button/) - In newborns, a G-tube can be used to provide sustenance, hydration, or medication. G-tubes are often used to ensure children receive sufficient nutrition. - [Feeding Difficulties
in Neonates](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/difficulties-in-neonates/) - Some babies experience ongoing problems with eating, which affects nutrient intake. These problems can stem from illness, physical defects, or stress. - [Desaturation](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/desaturation/) - Desaturation refers to a decrease in oxygen, which can occur when a newborn experiences congenital heart disease. However, desaturation can also result from other issues. - [Cyanosis in Newborns](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cyanosis/) - A lack of oxygen in the blood can lead to cyanosis, or a bluish tint to mouth, lips, and fingernails. The condition usually accompanies a problem with the lungs or heart. - [Coarctation of the Aorta](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/coarctation-of-the-aorta/) - A congenital defect, aortic coarctation causes a section of the aorta to be narrower than usual. Emergency surgery may be needed to improve heart function immediately. - [Chest Physiotherapy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chest-physiotherapy-newborns/) - CPT clears the airways and lungs. Techniques include percussion on the wall of the chest to dispel mucus. CPT is beneficial for people with cystic fibrosis. - [Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cerebrospinal-fluid/) - Leaks of CSF can result from injuries and surgical procedures affecting the face and head. The condition can also result from deficiencies in the nasal cavity. - [Cerebral Palsy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cerebral-palsy/) - [Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bronchopulmonary-dysplasia/) - A form of chronic lung disease, BPD typically affects premature babies and can be treated with oxygen therapy, which prevents more serious lung complications. - [Breathing Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/breathing-problems/) - [Bradycardia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bradycardia/) - Bradycardia is a decreased irregular heart rate where the heart beats less than 100 bpm. When it comes to infants, the condition is often accompanied by apnoea. - [Neonatal Aspiration](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/neonatal-aspiration/) - [Neonatal Asphyxia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/neonatal-asphyxia/) - [Neonatal Apnoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/neonatal-apnoea/) - [Neonatal Anaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/neonatal-anaemia/) - [ABO Incompatibility](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/abo-incompatibility/) - ABO incompatibility is a condition where a mother’s blood type is O and her baby’s is A or B, which can trigger an immune system reaction in the mother. - [Neonatal Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/neonatal-disorders/) - New-borns can experience a range of neonatal disorders, some of which may cause serious effects. Fortunately, the right treatment can facilitate a positive outcome. - [Safety & Injury Prevention](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/safety-injury-prevention/) - Parents must create a safe and secure home environment for their kids. This entails securing harmful items, child-proofing rooms, and monitoring young children. - [Active Living](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/active-living/) - Active children are less likely to experience major health issues as they get older. Physical activity is also beneficial to mental wellness, particularly with stress. - [Oral Health](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/oral-health/) - Oral health impacts overall wellness, so good dental care habits must be taught to children while they’re young. This includes daily brushing and flossing. - [Social, Emotional,
& Mental Health](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/social-emotional-mental-health/) - Emotional and mental health are important aspects of wellness in children. Children must also receive social stimulation from peers to ensure mental wellness. - [Physical Health](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/physical-health/) - Maintaining physical health during childhood is crucial for lifetime wellness. Physical health can be maintained by running, playing, and other physical activities. - [Brain Development](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/brain-development/) - Children experience many stages of brain development as they grow. A paediatrician can track your child’s development to ensure growth patterns match other children their age. - [Children's Health](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/childrens-health/) - Regular visits to a paediatrician can help maintain a child’s health and wellness. Medical care can also identify diseases to ensure timely treatment is available. - [Popcorn Lung](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/popcorn-lung/) - Vaping can lead to a condition called popcorn lung, which is inflammation that results from inhaling a chemical known as diacetyl. Avoiding vaping can prevent popcorn lung. - [Primary Spontaneous
Pneumothorax (Collapsed
Lung)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/collapsed-lung/) - Blisters sometimes form on the lungs, and vaping can cause these blisters to burst and lead to lung collapse. Collapsed lungs can be treated with oxygen or surgery. - [Lung Cancer & E-Cigarettes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lung-cancer-e-cigarettes/) - [Lipoid Pneumonia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lipoid-pneumonia/) - Many e-cigarettes contain oily substances, which can lead to lipoid pneumonia when inhaled. Stopping vaping allows the lungs to heal and prevents worsening complications. - [E-Cigarettes and Vaping](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/e-cigarettes-and-vaping/) - E-cigarettes can have a poor effect on wellness, including lung issues and other ailments. Here’s what you must know about the dangers of e-cigarettes and vaping. - [Crimean-Congo
Haemorrhagic Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/crimean-congo-haemorrhagic-fever/) - Resulting from the bite of an infected tick, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever muscle aches, fever, neck pain, and light sensitivity. The infection is fatal about 40% of the time. - [African Tick-Bite Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/african-tick-bite-fever/) - As a bacterial infection, African tick-bite fever results from the bite of an infected tick. The effects, which are usually characterized by a bodily rash, are not often severe. - [Rickettsia Felis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/rickettsia-felis/) - [African Trypanosomiasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/african-trypanosomiasis/) - Also known as sleeping sickness, African trypanosomiasis is a parasitic infection transmitted by tsetse flies. Symptoms include fever, headaches, and behavioural changes. - [Tick-borne
Meningoencephalitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tick-borne-meningoencephalitis/) - A type of viral disease, tick-borne encephalitis impacts the nervous system. Symptoms include weakness, fever, and headaches. Symptoms can also become more severe over time. - [Japanese Encephalitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/japanese-encephalitis/) - Transmitted via the bite of an infected mosquito, Japanese encephalitis does not always cause symptoms, but some people experience fever, vomiting, confusion, and seizures. - [Filariasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/filariasis/) - Different types of parasitic round worms cause filariasis, which is characterized by lymphedema in the extremities. However, many people with the infection never develop symptoms. - [Fleas](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fleas/) - Flea bites are not usually harmful to humans, but they can be highly irritating. Here are some steps to help you identify and eliminate fleas in the home. - [Lice](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lice-infestation/) - While challenging, lice can be eliminated when you take the right steps. Learn more about lice, how they spread, and how to manage an infestation in your home. - [Bed Bugs](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bed-bugs/) - [West Nile Virus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/west-nile-virus/) - [Lyme Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lyme-disease/) - A tickborne illness, Lyme disease requires timely treatment to prevent lasting autoimmune effects. Learn more about this illness and how it can be avoided. - [Chikungunya](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chikungunya/) - [Dengue Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dengue-fever/) - While dengue fever is often mild, some people experience severe, sometimes life-threatening, health effects. Here’s what you should know about this condition. - [Zika Virus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/zika-virus/) - A viral infection, Zika results from the bite of an infected mosquito. It can also be transmitted from a mother to her unborn child or through sexual intercourse. - [Yellow Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/yellow-fever/) - Infected mosquitoes cause yellow fever, a viral illness that can have devastating effects. Here’s how you can protect yourself and your loved ones. - [Malaria](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/malaria/) - While preventable, malaria can cause life-threatening effects without the proper treatment. Fortunately, you can avoid infection with the right information. - [Insect Bite Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/insect-bite-diseases/) - Some insects transmit serious diseases to humans via bites. Along with treatment, it’s also possible to avoid bites by taking the proper precautions. - [Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
(LAM)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lam/) - A rare lung disease, LAM causes muscle cells to grow in the lungs, lymph nodes, and kidneys. While there’s no cure, medication can improve breathing and prevent complications. - [Intestinal Lymphangiectasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/intestinal-lymphangiectasia/) - This rare disorder occurs when lymph vessels connecting to the small intestine are abnormally large, which can lead to inflammation and discomfort in the abdomen. - [Gorham’s Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gorhams-disease/) - Gorham’s disease is characterized by the abnormal growth of lymph vessels, which causes bone loss over time. Treatment can reduce poor effects and improve quality of life. - [Podoconiosis
(Non-Filarial Elephantiasis)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/podoconiosis/) - Long-term exposure to volcanic minerals in red clay soils can lead to swelling in the feet and legs. People who frequently go without shoes have the highest risk. - [Lipoedema](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lipoedema/) - Lipoedema is characterized by fat accumulation in the lower portion of the body, typically the legs. Lifestyle changes and surgery can be used to manage the condition. - [Lymphoedema](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lymphoedema/) - Lymphoedema is characterized by swelling, which typically occurs in the arms and legs. The lymph system produces fluid, which can sometimes get retained by soft tissues. - [Lymphatic Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lymphatic-disorders/) - The lymphatic system helps support proper immune response. Lymphatic disorders affect function and lead to symptoms like swelling and frequent infections. - [Vital Signs](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vital-signs/) - Vital signs include blood pressure, pulse rate, and body temperature. Doctors check vital signs during exams to look for irregularities, which can signal illness. - [Cylindrical (or Tubular)
Bronchiectasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cylindrical-bronchiectasis/) - Cylindrical bronchiectasis is a lung condition that often results from other disorders, such as cystic fibrosis. The effects on the lungs can range from mild to severe depending on the extent of the damage. - [Small Cell Lung Cancer
(SCLC)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/small-cell-lung-cancer/) - SCLC is a less common but aggressive form of cancer that affects the lungs. Common treatments include radiation and chemotherapy, which have proven effective at treating this type of lung cancer - [Silicosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/silicosis/) - Inhaling silica can lead to silicosis, a condition that causes permanent scarring of the lungs after long-term exposure. While there is no cure, treatment can manage the effects. - [Mesothelioma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mesothelioma/) - A form of cancer, mesothelioma affects the lining that covers internal organs. It’s often caused by asbestos exposure, and typically occurs in work environments. - [Additional Illness-COVID-19](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/additional-illness-covid-19/) - COVID can cause serious respiratory issues like pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and bronchitis, which require further treatment to prevent worsening effects. - [Pleural Effusion](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pleural-effusion/) - Pleural effusion results from many causes, including pneumonia, cancer, and heart failure. The condition occurs when fluid accumulates between the chest and lungs. - [Pneumonia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/respiratory-illnesses-pneumonia/) - Pneumonia inflames the air sacs in the lungs and affects breathing. The condition can be caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. - [Cystic Fibrosis (CF)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cystic-fibrosis-cf/) - An inherited health condition, CF causes bodily secretions like mucus to become thicker and stickier. Lifelong treatment and management can help control symptoms. - [Lung Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lung-cancer/) - Smoking increases a person’s risk of lung cancer, but regular screenings ensure early detection. Here are some facts to consider about this medical condition. - [Emphysema](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/respiratory-illnesses-emphysema/) - Often a component of COPD, emphysema occurs when air sacs in the lungs are destroyed. While there is no cure, treatment can improve breathing and alleviate symptoms. - [Chronic Bronchitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chronic-bronchitis/) - Chronic bronchitis is usually a factor in COPD. It causes inflammation in the lungs that makes it difficult to breathe. Treatment includes oxygen therapy and medication. - [Asthma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/asthma/) - Asthma inflames the airways in the lungs. Asthma attacks are considered a serious medical issue, which is why proper treatment and management is so important. - [Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Disease
(COPD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/copd/) - COPD is a chronic lung condition where airflow is blocked due to inflammation and damage. Coughing, wheezing, and mucus production are all symptoms of COPD. - [Respiratory Illnesses
& Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/respiratory-illnesses-and-diseases/) - Respiratory diseases can seriously limit breathing and lead to other symptoms, such as fatigue. Here’s how you can get treatment for breathing disorders. - [Soft-Tissue Injuries](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/soft-tissue-injuries/) - Soft-tissue injuries include sprains, bursitis, and bruises, and can harm muscles, tendons, and ligaments throughout the body. Most injuries heal on their own with rest. - [Shoulder Pain & Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/shoulder-pain-problems/) - Shoulder pain and stiffness can limit movement. Most shoulder issues are treated with physical therapy, although surgery is an option for serious causes. - [Scoliosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/scoliosis/) - Scoliosis causes an abnormal curvature of the spine. Treatment is not always necessary, but some people require back braces or surgery to correct issues. - [Neck Pain & Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/neck-pain-problems/) - Neck pain can occur after an injury, but it’s often due to things like poor posture and lack of exercise. Physical therapy can improve strength and relieve pain in the neck. - [Knee Pain & Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/knee-pain-problems/) - Knee problems often result from injuries, but they can also be caused by overuse and repetitive movement. Surgery is reserved for severe cases where mobility is greatly limited. - [Hand Pain & Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hand-pain-problems/) - People can develop hand pain due to injuries or repetitive movements, which can damage tissues. Treatments depend on the seriousness of the symptoms. - [Back Pain](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/back-pain/) - Back pain ranges from mild to severe. Causes include chronic conditions, injuries, and strain. Back pain can often be treated with physical therapy and exercise. - [Hip Fracture](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/orthopaedic-hip-fracture/) - Hip fractures can have serious consequences, especially for older adults. Surgery, bed rest, and physical therapy are often required to recover from hip fractures. - [Fractures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fractures/) - Bone fractures occur when the body is subject to substantial force. Some breaks can be healed with casts and splints, while others will require surgery. - [Foot Pain & Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/foot-pain-problems/) - Foot pain can be caused by chronic conditions or result from an injury. Treatment depends on the cause and severity of symptoms. Most foot conditions can be easily managed. - [Cubital Tunnel Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cubital-tunnel-syndrome/) - A type of repetitive stress disorder, cubital tunnel syndrome is characterized by shooting pain in the forearm. Treatments include rest, splinting, and surgery. - [Elbow Pain & Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/elbow-pain-problems/) - Elbow problems can result from injuries, chronic conditions, or repetitive strain. Treatments range from rest to surgical procedures, depending on the cause of symptoms. - [Rheumatoid Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/orthopaedic-rheumatoid-arthritis/) - An autoimmune disorder, rheumatoid arthritis causes joint inflammation. Lifestyle changes and medication can alleviate the pain and stiffness caused by this condition. - [Rheumatoid Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/rheumatoid-arthritis/) - As an autoimmune disorder, rheumatoid arthritis attacks joints all over the body. Treatment usually includes a combination of lifestyle management and medication. - [Osteoarthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/orthopaedic-osteoarthritis/) - Osteoarthritis causes the cartilage in your joints to gradually wear down over time. Treatments, including medication and surgery, vary according to the severity of symptoms. - [Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/orthopaedic-arthritis/) - [Bursitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bursitis/) - Fluid-filled sacs that cushion your joints can sometimes become inflamed and cause pain and stiffness. Bursitis usually occurs in the hips, elbows, and shoulders. - [Orthopaedic Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/orthopaedic-disorders/) - Orthopaedic disorders take a major toll on the musculoskeletal system. They include bone fractures, arthritis, scoliosis, and many other medical issues. - [Central Auditory Processing
Disorders (CAPD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/capd/) - Impacting the central auditory nervous system, CAPD causes learning and hearing issues in small children. Therapeutic treatments and assistive devices are usually recommended. - [Motor Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/motor-disorders/) - Motor disorders result from issues with the nervous system. They can lead to problems with movement by either impeding actions or causing a person to move involuntarily. - [Communication Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/communication-disorders/) - A communication disorder will affect a person’s ability to understand and process verbal communication. People with these disorders also have trouble communicating with others. - [Vision Impairment](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vision-impairment/) - Vision impairment reduces a person’s ability to see clearly. The condition can be treated with corrective lenses, but profound loss of vision usually requires assistive devices. - [Learning Disabilities](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/learning-disabilities/) - Learning disabilities include conditions like ADHD, dyslexia, and dyspraxia, which impacts balance and movement. A combination of therapy and medication can reduce symptoms. - [Intellectual Disability](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/intellectual-disability/) - Intellectual disabilities cause deficits in thinking, language, and socialization. Therapy, such as occupational and speech assistance, can help improve quality of life. - [Hearing Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hearing-loss/) - Hearing loss can negatively affect your life, but there are lots of options that can help. Here’s what you must know about hearing issues and how to overcome them. - [ADHD](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/adhd/) - A type of neurodevelopmental disorder, ADHD contributes to behavioural and focus issues in kids. Symptoms can often be improved by medication and therapy. - [Developmental Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/developmental-disorders/) - Developmental disorders prevent a child from reaching expected milestones. Here’s what all parents must know about these disorders and how they can be treated. - [Cardiac Arrest](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cardiac-arrest/) - Cardiac arrest is a condition that suddenly stops the heart from beating. It often results from problems with electrical impulses, which affect heart rhythm. - [Ischemic Heart Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ischemic-heart-disease/) - [Pericardial Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pericardial-disease/) - Fluid build-up in the pericardium can affect the function of the heart and lead to symptoms like swelling in the lower body, shortness of breath, and chest pain. - [Rheumatic Heart Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/rheumatic-heart-disease/) - Rheumatic fever can cause permanent damage to heart valves. This condition usually affects people under the age of 25 but can be prevented with the right treatment. - [Heart Valve Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/heart-valve-disease/) - The heart contains valves, which control the direction of blood flow. When valve problems arise, chest pain, problems breathing, and dizziness may occur. - [Heart Attacks](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/heart-attacks/) - Knowing the symptoms of heart attacks is crucial to getting the care you need immediately. Here are signs to look for and what to expect from treatment. - [Angina](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/angina/) - A reduction of blood flow to the heart can cause angina, a type of chest pain. Angina requires timely evaluation to manage the onset of coronary artery disease. - [Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/coronary-artery-disease/) - Plaque build-up in the arteries can impede blood flow to the heart. However, a healthy lifestyle can alleviate symptoms and prevent more serious effects. - [Heart Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/heart-disease/) - Heart disease doesn’t always cause obvious symptoms, which is why proper medical care is so crucial. Here are some key facts to ensure great heart health. - [The Auditory System](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/the-auditory-system/) - The auditory hearing system includes the outer, middle, and inner ear, as well as the parts of the brain that process sound. Issues with this system can cause hearing loss. - [Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum
Disorder (ANSD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/auditory-neuropathy-spectrum-disorder/) - People with ANSD can hear normally, but they experience issues when sending sounds to the brain. Hearing aids and cochlear implants can sometimes improve hearing. - [Conductive Hearing Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/conductive-hearing-loss/) - Conductive hearing loss affects the ability to hear soft sounds, as sound can’t make its way through the outer and middle ear. Medication and surgery may restore hearing. - [Auditory Ear Nerve
Hearing Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/auditory-ear-nerve-hearing-loss/) - The auditory nerve connects the cochlea within the inner ear to your brain. Problems with the auditory nerve can affect hearing and even lead to hearing loss in some cases. - [Inner Ear Hearing Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/inner-ear-hearing-loss/) - The inner ear consists of the cochlea and semicircular canal, which maintain hearing and balance. Damage to the inner ear can cause hearing loss and balance problems. - [Middle Ear Hearing Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hearing-loss-middle-ear/) - The middle ear links to the eustachian tube and contains the stirrup, anvil, and hammer bones. The middle ear plays an important role in processing sounds. - [Outer Ear Hearing Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hearing-loss-outer-ear/) - The outer ear includes the visible portion of the ear, as well as the ear canal. The visible part is integral for collecting sounds and sending them into the ear canal. - [Biliary Stones](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/biliary-stones/) - Also known as gallstones, biliary stones cause symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and sudden pain in the abdomen. When treatment is needed, medication and surgery are effective. - [Biliary Stricture](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/biliary-stricture/) - Biliary strictures occur when the bile duct becomes narrower. This causes an accumulation of bile in the body and affects the function of the digestive system. - [Bile Duct Leaks](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bile-duct-leaks/) - Leaking bile ducts allow bile to get into the abdominal cavity, which can lead to nausea, vomiting, and fever. Leaks can result from internal injuries or issues during surgery. - [Bile Duct Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bile-duct-diseases/) - Bile is integral in helping the body efficiently digest fats. Here’s how bile duct diseases impact your health and why professional treatment is needed. - [Kawasaki Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/kawasaki-disease/) - Affecting babies and small children, Kawasaki disease causes rashes, fever, and shedding skin. Treatment includes an immune protein infusion to reduce swelling in blood vessels. - [Tick Bites](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tick-bites/) - [Cellulitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/skin-rash-cellulitis/) - Cellulitis is a bacterial infection that impacts the skin. It causes an area of the skin to become red, swollen, and warm to the touch. Antibiotics can usually clear the infection. - [Shingles](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/shingles/) - [Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
(SLE)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/rash-systemic-lupus-erythematosus/) - The most common form of lupus, SLE occurs when the immune system attacks healthy tissues. Certain medications can improve symptoms and prevent worsening effects. - [Allergic Eczema](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/allergic-eczema/) - Learn more about allergic eczema, why it occurs, and how to recognize it. The right treatments and home remedies can provide effective relief from bothersome symptoms. - [Impetigo](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/impetigo/) - A contagious skin condition that primarily affects babies and children, impetigo is characterized by clusters of reddish sores. Antibiotic ointment is often recommended. - [Chicken Pox](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chicken-pox/) - [Flea bites](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/flea-bites/) - Fleabites cause small bumps to form on the skin, often on the legs and feet. Itchiness and irritation caused by fleabites isn’t usually severe and can be treated at home. - [Psoriasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/psoriasis-symptoms/) - [Urticaria](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/urticaria/) - Also known as hives, urticaria is characterized by itchy skin and rashes that appear as red welts. The condition is often triggered by foods, medication, and various substances. - [Scabies](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/scabies/) - A rash caused by a microscopic mite, scabies can cause intense itching and discomfort. Medication is used to kill the mites and stop the bothersome effects. - [Diaper Rash](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/diaper-rash/) - While bothersome, diaper rash is rarely serious. It can usually be treated with home remedies and products containing zinc oxide to soothe the skin and reduce irritation. - [Ringworm](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ringworm-symptoms/) - [Rosacea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/rosacea/) - A skin condition that causes inflammation, rosacea usually causes a red rash on the nose and cheeks. Rashes can result from certain triggers, such as sun exposure. - [Viral Skin Rash](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/viral-skin-rash/) - Viral rashes are very common and usually have minimal health effects. Learn more about identifying skin rashes and how proper care can prevent possible complications. - [Skin Rashes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/skin-rashes/) - Skin rashes cause effects ranging from mild to severe. Most rashes are very treatable with the right medical intervention, so here are some points to consider. - [Sudden Infant Death
Syndrome (SIDs)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sudden-infant-death-syndrome/) - Sudden infant death syndrome refers to the unexplained and unexpected loss of a baby. While rare, being aware of SIDs can help parents avoid a tragic outcome. - [Neonatal Jaundice](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/neonatal-jaundice/) - Neonatal jaundice causes yellowing of the skin and eyes in newborns. Unless there’s an underlying medical condition, most cases resolve on their own a few days after birth. - [Hepatic Jaundice](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hepatic-jaundice/) - Hepatic jaundice results from problems with liver function. In this case, the liver fails to remove bilirubin from the blood, which causes the skin and eyes to become yellow. - [Post-Hepatic Jaundice](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/post-hepatic-jaundice/) - Obstructed bile ducts cause post-hepatic jaundice, which is characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes. Surgery and medication can treat obstructions. - [Pre-Hepatic Jaundice](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pre-hepatic-jaundice/) - Pre-hepatic jaundice occurs when the body breaks down blood cells too quickly. This causes bilirubin to flood the body, which leads to yellowing eyes and skin. - [Jaundice](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/jaundice/) - Infant jaundice causes a baby’s skin and eyes to appear yellow. The condition is quite common, particularly in premature babies, and treatment is not always required. - [Varicose & Spider Veins](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/varicose-spider-veins/) - Most varicose and spider veins only result in cosmetic concerns, as veins cause deformities under the skin. Minor surgery and laser treatments can also provide relief. - [Phlebitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/phlebitis/) - Phlebitis is caused by swollen veins that lead to the formation of a blood clot. Home remedies are recommended for mild cases, while serious cases require advanced treatment. - [Chronic Venous Insufficiency](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chronic-venous-insufficiency/) - Chronic venous insufficiency prevents blood from traveling back to the heart through the veins. Blood flow can be improved via compression garments and lifestyle changes. - [Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/deep-vein-thrombosis/) - DVT is caused by the formation of a blood clot within the legs. Symptoms include swelling in the legs, as well as leg pain. Blood thinners and lifestyle changes can prevent more serious effects. - [Blood Clots](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/blood-clots/) - [Venous Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/venous-disorders/) - Medications, compression garments, and lifestyle changes are common treatments for venous disorders. Doctors can also use surgical procedures to limit ill-effects. - [Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vitamin-k-deficiency-bleeding/) - [Women Bleeding Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/women-bleeding-disorders/) - [Von Willebrand Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/von-willebrand-disease/) - [Thalassemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/anaemia-thalassemia/) - [Sickle Cell Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sickle-cell-disease/) - Sickle cell disease is a blood disorder that can cause very serious effects, including significant pain and discomfort. Here’s what you need to know to get help. - [Hereditary Haemorrhagic
Telangiectasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hht/) - [Haemophilia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/haemophilia/) - [Venous Thromboembolism
(Blood Clots)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/venous-thromboembolism/) - [Blood Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/blood-disorders/) - While it depends on the blood disorder, these conditions are often treated with anticoagulant medications and corticosteroids. Your doctor can provide more information. - [Pneumonia Vaccine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pneumonia-vaccine/) - [Chickenpox Vaccine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chickenpox/) - [Polio Vaccine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/polio/) - [Influenza Vaccine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/influenza-vaccine/) - [Tdap (Tetanus, diphtheria,
pertussis)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tdap/) - [Measles, Mumps, & Rubella
(MMR)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mmr/) - [Meningitis Vaccine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/meningitis-vaccine/) - [Rabies](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/rabies/) - [Yellow Fever Vaccine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/yellow-fever-vaccine/) - [Typhoid Vaccine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/typhoid-vaccine/) - [Hepatitis B Vaccine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hepatitis-b-vaccine/) - [Hepatitis A Vaccine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hepatitis-a-vaccine/) - [Immunisations](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/immunisations/) - Immunisation can help you and your family avoid many serious illnesses and diseases. Here’s what you should know about vaccines and their many benefits. - [Schistosomiasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/schistosomiasis/) - [Leptospirosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/leptospirosis/) - [Nocardia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nocardia/) - [Dysentery](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dysentery/) - [Cholera](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cholera/) - [Water Related Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/water-related-diseases/) - It’s possible to avoid many water-borne illnesses by practicing good hygiene. Here’s what you should know about water-related diseases and their effects. - [Adult Intestinal Toxaemia
Botulism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/adult-intestinal-toxaemia-botulism/) - [Iatrogenic botulism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/iatrogenic-botulism/) - [Infant Botulism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/infant-botulism/) - [Wound Botulism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/wound-botulism/) - [Foodborne Botulism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/foodborne-botulism/) - [Botulism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/botulism/) - Resulting from coming in contact with a dangerous toxin, botulism requires immediate medical treatment. Here’s what you should know about the illness to get timely treatment. - [Epstein-Barr Virus (EPV)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/epstein-barr-virus-epv/) - Also known as mono, Epstein-Barr can cause fever, throat inflammation, fatigue, and other symptoms. Most people recover on their own with bed rest and fluids. - [Low Sperm Count](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/low-sperm-count/) - Having a low sperm count can make it harder for couples to conceive. Semen analysis can provide more information and help establish the best possible treatment. - [Testicular Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/testicular-disorders/) - [Genital Ulcers](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/genital-ulcers/) - Genital ulcers can often be a sign of a sexually transmitted infection. If you notice blisters or itchiness in the genital area, consult a doctor immediately. - [Prostate Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/prostate-cancer/) - Prostate cancer affects the gland responsible for producing semen. Early detection offers the best outcome, as prostate cancer is often quite treatable in its early stages. - [Penile Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/penile-disorders/) - Penile disorders include a range of conditions, such as fractures, diseases, and erectile dysfunction. Treatments vary according to the type and severity of the disorder. - [Sexually Transmitted Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sexually-transmitted-diseases/) - Sexually transmitted diseases include herpes, chlamydia, gonorrhoea, HPV, and many others. Fortunately, safe sexual practices can help you avoid infection. - [Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
(PCOS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pcos/) - PCOS occurs when a woman’s ovaries produce an excess number of male sex hormones. While lifestyle changes can help, doctors may also recommend medication to reduce effects. - [Interstitial Cystitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/interstitial-cystitis/) - A chronic health condition, interstitial cystitis often causes discomfort in the bladder and pelvis. Common treatments include physical therapy, medication, and surgery. - [Gynaecological Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gynaecological-cancer/) - Gynaecologic cancer can affect the ovaries, cervix, vulva, and other reproductive organs. With early detection, many women can experience a positive outcome. - [Uterine Fibroids](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/uterine-fibroids/) - Uterine fibroids are often benign growths that appear in the uterus. If treatment is required, doctors may recommend medication, non-invasive procedures, or surgery. - [Male Infertility](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/male-infertility/) - [Women’s Infertility and
Reproduction](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/womens-infertility/) - [Infertility & Reproduction](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/infertility-and-reproduction/) - Many infertility issues can be overcome with the right medical intervention. Here are a few key facts to consider about reproductive problems and their effects. - [Pancreatic Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pancreatic-cancer/) - Pancreatic cancer is hard to detect, which means it often advances to more serious stages before it causes symptoms. Remission is possible, provided that the cancer is detected in time. - [Hereditary Pancreatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hereditary-pancreatitis/) - Genetic factors can cause the pancreas to become inflamed on a recurring basis. Ongoing treatment is necessary to manage symptoms and prevent more serious complications. - [Chronic Pancreatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chronic-pancreatitis/) - When the pancreas repeatedly becomes inflamed, it’s known as a chronic condition. Regular treatment is required to prevent serious damage to the pancreas, which can cause more severe effects. - [Acute Pancreatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acute-pancreatitis/) - Swelling of the pancreas is known as pancreatitis. With acute conditions, symptoms can occur quickly and without warning. Treatment includes medication and surgery. - [Disorders of the Pancreas](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/disorders-of-the-pancreas/) - The pancreas plays a major role in bodily functions, but certain disorders can inhibit digestion and cause other symptoms. Here’s what you should know. - [Hiatal Hernias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hiatal-hernias/) - With hiatal hernias, part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm. While they don’t always require treatment, doctors may recommend medication or surgery for more serious hernias. - [Oesophageal Diverticulum](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/oesophageal-diverticulum/) - Pockets of tissue can sometimes form in the oesophagus, which is a condition known as oesophageal diverticulum. This condition is often linked to other disorders, such as achalasia. - [Oesophageal Strictures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/oesophageal-strictures/) - Restrictions in the oesophagus can pose difficulties when swallowing food or beverages. In some cases, doctors will increase the diameter of the oesophagus to relieve symptoms. - [Oesophageal Spasms](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/oesophageal-spasms/) - The muscles in the oesophagus can sometimes contract irregularly, which can cause issues with digestion. Treatment usually includes avoiding triggers, as well as medication and surgery. - [Oesophageal Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/oesophageal-cancer/) - Oesophageal cancer is characterized by symptoms like problems swallowing and weight loss, but some people experience no effects. Surgery, medication, and radiation are common treatments. - [Eosinophilic Oesophagitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/eosinophilic-oesophagitis/) - A type of immune disorder, eosinophilic esophagitis causes damage to the oesophagus over time. Symptoms include problems swallowing, chest discomfort, and regurgitation. - [Achalasia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/achalasia/) - A type of oesophageal disorder, achalasia often results from nerve damage within the oesophagus. Surgical and non-surgical treatments can provide relief to patients. - [Gastroesophageal Reflux
Disease (GERD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gastroesophageal-reflux-disease/) - Also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease, GERD results in irritation of the oesophagus due to stomach acid flowing in the wrong direction. Medication and surgery can provide relief. - [Barrett's Oesophagus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/barretts-oesophagus/) - Damage caused by acid reflux can lead to a condition called Barrett’s oesophagus, which is characterized by bouts of heartburn and issues swallowing food. - [Dysphagia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dysphagia/) - Problems swallowing solids or liquids is known as oesophageal dysphagia. This condition can be caused by an obstruction in the oesophagus or result from an anatomical defect. - [Oesophagus Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/oesophagus-disorders/) - The oesophagus is a tube that extends from the throat to the stomach. Because it plays a major role in nutrient intake, oesophagus disorders require timely treatment. - [Sensitive Teeth](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sensitive-teeth/) - Teeth sensitivity can result from oral health issues, such as cavities and gum disease. Addressing dental defects can often reduce uncomfortable sensitivity. - [Lichen Planus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lichen-planus/) - Lichen planus can affect the mouth, nails, skin, and hair. This condition causes discoloured spots to form, which can be white or purple depending on which area is affected. - [Knocked Out Teeth](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/knocked-out-teeth/) - [Jaw Problems and Headaches
(TMJ)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/jaw-problems-headaches/) - Problems with the temporomandibular joint can often cause headaches and jaw pain. Issues affecting the TMJ can often be remedied using a mouthguard, but surgery may also be required. - [Mouth Ulcer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mouth-ulcer/) - Ulcers can form in various areas of the mouth, including the tongue, roof of the mouth, or the lips. Sores can be quite painful, but medication and ointments can help. - [Mouth Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mouth-cancer/) - Cancer can develop in many areas of the mouth, such as the tongue, lips, or inside of the cheeks. Early detection of oral cancer offers the best possible prognosis. - [Gum Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gum-disease/) - Gum disease is characterized by red, inflamed gum tissues. Without proper intervention, gum disease will advance and potentially lead to loss of teeth and bone tissue. - [Geographic Tongue](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/geographic-tongue/) - Geographic tongue is a medical condition that causes red patches to develop in different areas of the mouth. In most cases, tongue discoloration is the only symptom. - [Dry Mouth](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dry-mouth/) - Dry mouth often results from medication, medical conditions, or poor water intake. It can also cause issues with your oral health, but the condition is easy to remedy. - [Dental Erosion](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dental-erosion/) - [Dental Decay](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dental-decay/) - Dental decay often results from poor oral care. Lack of brushing and flossing can lead to cavities, and these cavities can lead to tooth loss without the help of a dentist. - [Cold Sores (Herpes)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cold-sores-herpes/) - A type of infection, cold sores result from the herpes virus. Cold sores often resolve on their own without treatment, but antiviral medication is also available. - [Burning Mouth Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/burning-mouth-syndrome/) - Burning mouth syndrome causes a burning sensation in the mouth, as well as dryness and a metallic taste. This condition can occur spontaneously or result from another medical issue. - [Denture Stomatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/denture-stomatitis/) - People who wear dentures are at risk of developing an oral infection called denture stomatitis. Symptoms include sore throat, discoloured patches in the mouth, and pain when swallowing. - [Mouth Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mouth-problems/) - Mouth problems can cause pain, infection, and even inhibit good eating habits. Regular dental care is crucial for diagnosing and treating common oral issues. - [Hypothermia: Severe](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/severe-hypothermia/) - [Hypothermia:
Moderate](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypothermia-moderate/) - [Hypothermia: Mild](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypothermia-mild/) - [Hypothermia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypothermia/) - Hypothermia entails rapid heat loss and low body temperature. It can be extremely dangerous, so knowing the signs ensures you can get medical attention immediately. - [Staphylococcal Scalded Skin
Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/staphylococcal-scalded-skin-syndrome/) - Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome results from bacteria. Symptoms include redness, fever, fatigue, and peeling skin. Hospitalization is often required to treat this condition. - [Cellulitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cellulitis/) - A skin infection that is caused by bacteria, cellulitis is characterized by redness and swelling. Proper wound care and antibiotics can prevent more serious effects. - [Boils](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/boils/) - Boils are caused by bacteria and develop within hair follicles. While home remedies can address minor issues, antibiotics and drainage procedures may be required for larger boils. - [Methicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus Aureus
(MRSA)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus/) - MRSA infections are caused by staph bacteria that are resistant to standard medical treatments. Immediate medical intervention is required to stop the infection from getting worse. - [Endocarditis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/endocarditis/) - An infection can cause inflammation within certain areas of the heart, which is known as endocarditis. Immediate treatment is required to prevent serious damage to the heart. - [Pneumonia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/staph-infection-pneumonia/) - A type of lung infection, pneumonia can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or even fungus. Timely treatment can help avoid more serious health effects and complications. - [Toxic Shock Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/toxic-shock-syndrome/) - While rare, toxic shock syndrome can be life-threatening. A type of bacterial infection, symptoms like high fever, headaches, and vomiting require immediate medical attention. - [Sepsis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sepsis/) - Considered a medical emergency, sepsis involves the body’s response to a serious infection that impacts numerous areas. Immediate treatment is needed to prevent worsening effects. - [Staphylococcus Aureus
Infection (Staph Infections)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/staphylococcus-aureus-infection/) - Staph infections can turn deadly without timely treatment by a doctor. Here’s how you can get the right medical care to maintain your health and wellness. - [Orgasm Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/orgasm-disorders/) - Explore the types of orgasm disorders affecting sexual health, including anorgasmia, delayed orgasm, and orgasmic pain. Learn about causes, emotional impact, and evidence-based treatments to support sexual well-being. - [Tyrosinemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tyrosinemia/) - [Argininosuccinic Aciduria (ASA)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/argininosuccinic-aciduria-asa/) - [Citrullinemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/citrullinemia/) - [Homocystinuria (HCY)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/homocystinuria-hcy/) - [Debrancher Enzyme Deficiency](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/debrancher-enzyme-deficiency/) - A debrancher enzyme deficiency impacts how sugar is broken down in the liver and muscles. As a progressive condition, symptoms may become more advanced over time. - [Urea Cycle Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/urea-cycle-disorders/) - Symptoms of urea cycle disorders include nausea, fatigue, breathing issues, and muscle tightness. Symptoms often appear soon after birth but can also develop later in life. - [Wilson’s Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/metabolic-disorders-wilsons-disease/) - [Tay-Sachs Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tay-sachs-disease/) - Tay-Sachs causes severe damage to the brain and spinal cord. The condition is often detected around six months, typically when a child begins missing development milestones. - [Porphyria](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/porphyria/) - [Phenylketonuria (PKU)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/phenylketonuria/) - PKU is a rare genetic disorder that causes a certain amino acid to accumulate in the body. Early treatment and lifelong management can improve a person's prognosis. - [Niemann-Pick](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/niemann-pick/) - Niemann-Pick prevents the body from properly breaking down phospholipids due to an enzyme deficiency. This can affect the spleen and liver, as well as lead to cognitive defects. - [Metachromatic
Leukodystrophy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/metachromatic-leukodystrophy/) - Metachromatic leukodystrophy can cause muscle rigidity, loss of sensation, and declining cognitive skills. Medication and therapy may prevent worsening effects. - [Maple Syrup Urine Disorder
(MSUD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/maple-syrup-urine-disorder/) - A type of genetic metabolic disorder, MSUD affects how the body processes amino acids. The most common symptom is bodily secretions that smell of maple syrup. - [Krabbe Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/krabbe-disease/) - Krabbe disease is a genetic disorder that can present at any time in the years between infancy and adulthood. While there’s no cure, Krabbe disease can be treated. - [Hunter Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hunter-syndrome/) - An enzyme deficiency causes Hunter syndrome, which leads to symptoms like recurring bouts of illness, hernias, and physical deformities. Treatments vary according to the patient's needs. - [Gaucher Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gaucher-disease/) - A metabolic disorder, Gaucher disease results from an enzyme deficiency. This can cause the spleen and liver to become enlarged, which can result in serious health effects. - [Familial Hypercholesterolemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/familial-hypercholesterolemia/) - Familial hypercholesterolemia increases a person’s risk of heart disease. This condition affects how cholesterol is processed, and excess cholesterol can accumulate in different body parts. - [Mycetoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mycetoma/) - Mycetoma can result from exposure to bacteria or fungus. The condition is identifiable by deformities to the skin, and treatment usually includes medication and surgery. - [Pneumocystis Pneumonia
(PCP)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pneumocystis-pneumonia/) - A fungal infection, PCP can cause serious symptoms like chest pain, problems breathing, and fever. People with compromised immune systems have the greatest risk of infection. - [Sporotrichosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sporotrichosis/) - Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection that impacts the skin. Minor infections are treated with antifungal medication, but more serious issues require advanced treatment. - [Fungal Eye Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fungal-eye-infection/) - A fungal eye infection can put a person at risk of vision loss. Early diagnosis and treatment with antifungal medication can prevent worsening effects from occurring. - [Talaromycosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/talaromycosis/) - A form of fungal infection, talaromycosis mostly affects people with compromised immune systems. Symptoms include coughing, weight loss, stomach pain, and fever. - [Mucormycosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mucormycosis/) - Exposure to fungal spores can cause mucormycosis. Because the infection is often life-threatening, immediate medical attention is required to ensure patients receive antifungal medication. - [Cryptococcus Neoformans
Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cryptococcus-neoformans-infection/) - A type of fungal disease, C. neoformans is acquired through inhalation of microscopic spores. Doctors usually prescribe antifungal medication to those affected. - [Invasive Candidiasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/invasive-candidiasis/) - A type of fungal infection, invasive candidiasis can impact numerous parts of the body, including the brain, heart, and bones. Antifungal medication is a common treatment. - [Candida Auris Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/candida-auris-infection/) - C. auris is a type of yeast that can cause an infection in some people. This includes people with compromised immune systems and those on breathing tubes and other devices. - [Aspergillosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/aspergillosis/) - An infection that results from mould exposure, aspergillosis causes symptoms like wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. Treatments include medication, corticosteroids, and surgery. - [Histoplasmosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/histoplasmosis/) - Histoplasmosis results from the inhalation of fungal spores. Symptoms include fatigue, headache, fever, and cough. Most infections resolve within several weeks. - [Coccidioidomycosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/coccidioidomycosis/) - [Fungal Nail Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fungal-nail-infections/) - Also known as onychomycosis, fungal infections can impact both the fingernails and toenails. Anti-fungal creams are often used to cure infections and relieve symptoms. - [Mitochondrial Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mitochondrial-disease/) - Mitochondria helps cells produce energy, and mitochondrial diseases affect this process. Symptoms include muscle weakness, seizures, stomach problems, and breathing difficulties. - [Hemochromatosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hemochromatosis/) - Hemochromatosis is a metabolic condition where a person’s body absorbs an excessive amount of iron. Elevated iron levels can damage organs, including the liver and heart. - [Inherited Metabolic Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/inherited-metabolic-disorders/) - Certain genetic disorders can impact metabolic processes. Disorders include Tay-Sachs, Hurler syndrome, Krabbe disease, and other metabolic conditions. - [Metabolic Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/metabolic-syndrome/) - Comprised of multiple disorders, metabolic syndrome can increase your risk of heart disease, stroke, and other ailments. A healthy lifestyle can prevent more serious effects. - [Metabolic Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/metabolic-disorders/) - Metabolic disorders increase your risk of developing heart disease, diabetes, and other issues. Here’s what you should know about these disorders and their effects. - [Gallbladder Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gallbladder-cancer/) - [Sclerosing Cholangitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sclerosing-cholangitis/) - Inflammation of the liver’s bile ducts is called sclerosing cholangitis, which causes fatigue, stomach pain, and itchiness. Medical treatments and lifestyle changes can help. - [Congenital Defects](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/congenital-defects/) - Birth defects involving the gallbladder can cause many symptoms and complications. Ongoing treatment may be required to reduce ill-effects and prevent serious issues. - [Gallbladder Polyps & Tumours](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gallbladder-polyps-tumours/) - Growths in the gallbladder can cause symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort. Treatment is often needed to remove growths and restore function. - [Gangrenous
Cholecystitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gangrenous-cholecystitis/) - Serious bouts of cholecystitis, which causes gallbladder inflammation, can cause tissues to die off. Advanced treatment is needed to prevent severe complications. - [Cholecystitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cholecystitis/) - Cholecystitis is when bile becomes trapped in the gallbladder. This ailment is characterized by inflammation of the organ, which causes symptoms like pain and nausea. - [Gallstone Pancreatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gallstone-pancreatitis/) - Pancreatitis can occur if a gallstone obstructs the pancreatic duct. Symptoms of this condition include vomiting, fever, and significant stomach pain. - [Gallstones](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gallstones/) - [Biliary Dyskinesia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/biliary-dyskinesia/) - Biliary dyskinesia impacts how the gallbladder functions. It can impede the process for storing and passing bile, which plays a significant role in digestion. - [Gallbladder Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gallbladder-disease/) - Gallbladders store bile, which helps the liver process fatty foods. Gallbladder disease inhibits this process and requires medical treatment to relieve symptoms. - [HbS Beta Thalassemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hbs-beta-thalassemia/) - The effects of HbS beta thalassemia can either be mild or severe depending on the type acquired. Regular medical treatment can prevent serious complications. - [Sickle Cell Trait (SCT)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sickle-cell-trait/) - SCT occurs when a person inherits an abnormal haemoglobin gene from one parent instead of both parents. SCT is often without symptoms, but issues can arise in some cases. - [Sickle Cell HbSO](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sickle-cell-hbso/) - [Sickle Cell HbSE](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sickle-cell-hbse/) - [Sickle Cell HbSD](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sickle-cell-hbsd/) - A rarer form of sickle cell disease, this condition can range from mild to severe. With mild conditions, it may be possible to manage symptoms through lifestyle changes. - [Sickle Cell HbSC](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sickle-cell-hbsc/) - While HbSC forms of sickle cell disease are usually less severe, those impacted can still experience recurring symptoms. Healthy lifestyle changes may help. - [Sickle Cell HbSS](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hbss/) - The HbSS type of sickle cell disease is often the most severe and associated with symptoms like bouts of pain, infections, and even stroke in some cases. - [Vision Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vision-loss/) - Vision loss is caused by deformities to the structures of the eye, illness, or issues with the brain. Get a doctor’s opinion if your child exhibits vision issues. - [Tourette Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tourette-syndrome/) - A type of tic disorder, Tourette syndrome is associated with involuntary movements and sounds. Medication and behavioural therapy are often beneficial. - [Tuberculosis (TB)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tuberculosis-tb/) - A bacterial infection that affects the lungs, tuberculosis can have serious effects on a person’s health. When symptoms present, proper treatment is crucial. - [Thalassemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/thalassemia/) - An inherited blood disorder, thalassemia prevents the body from making haemoglobin. While not curable, this condition can be managed with blood transfusions. - [Streptococci (Strep Throat)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/streptococci-strep-throat/) - Also known as strep throat, streptococci are bacteria that cause sore throats, fever, and other symptoms. Symptoms can usually be managed with rest and medication. - [Sinus Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sinus-infection/) - Sinus infections are usually caused by a virus. As sinuses swell and produce more mucus, germs can become trapped and cause symptoms like face pain and congestion. - [Shigella](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/shigella/) - A bacterial infection, shigella causes diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and fever. It’s spread by contaminated food and water, as well as touching contaminated objects. - [German Measles (Rubella)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/german-measles-rubella/) - Also known as rubella, German measles is not as severe as the standard form of the virus. Here’s what to expect from the illness and how you can reduce risk. - [Diarrhoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/diarrhoea/) - Diarrhoea can cause dehydration, which is why timely medical care is so crucial. Here’s how to avoid major health effects when dealing with digestive issues. - [Pertussis (Whooping Cough)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/childhood-whooping-cough/) - Whooping cough is associated with serious coughing fits. The condition is highly contagious and requires timely treatment to prevent worsening effects. - [Parasitic Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/parasitic-diseases/) - Parasitic infections include ringworm, lice, and giardiasis. Good hygiene, such as frequent hand washing, can help children avoid infections and illness. - [Obesity & Weight Gain](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/obesity-weight-gain/) - Much like adults, kids also experience issues with weight gain. A healthy, nutritious diet and regular exercise will help children maintain a reasonable weight. - [Childhood Diseases:
Mumps](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/childhood-mumps/) - Mumps, which causes facial glands to swell, usually only causes mild effects. Medical attention is recommended to ease symptoms and prevent worsening effects. - [Childhood Diseases:
Meningitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/childhood-meningitis/) - Meningitis can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Bacterial meningitis is the most serious type of infection and requires immediate medical attention to prevent worsening effects. - [Measles](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/measles/) - A highly contagious viral illness, measles can cause many serious health effects. Here’s what you must know to avoid transmission and ensure good treatment. - [Lice](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lice/) - Lice are small insects that spread from child to child due to close physical contact. Medicated shampoos are often the first line of defence against lice. - [Learning Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/learning-disorders/) - Learning disorders cause difficulties in numerous areas. For instance, a child may struggle to follow instructions or perform tasks like writing and drawing. - [Language Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/language-disorders/) - Childhood language disorders limit communication. A doctor can help you identify important language milestones and whether your child is meeting them. - [Hearing Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/childhood-hearing-loss/) - Childhood hearing loss can occur for many reasons, from congenital issues to illness. Hearing aids and other treatments help children lead full and happy lives. - [Hand, Foot, & Mouth Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hand-foot-mouth-disease/) - While it’s not linked to serious health effects, hand, foot, and mouth disease is very contagious. It most often affects kids under five years of age. - [Influenza/Flu](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/influenza-flu/) - As a common viral infection, flu symptoms are often mild and resolve on their own. However, they can also be severe in vulnerable people. - [Fetal Alcohol Spectrum
Disorders (FASDs)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/foetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorders/) - Exposure to alcohol before birth can lead to FASDs. These disorders cause issues with development, thinking, behaviour, and physicality. Early intervention is key. - [Ear Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ear-infection/) - Ear infections in kids are quite common, especially between 6 months and 2 years of age. Medication can treat symptoms and reduce discomfort in kids. - [Covid-19](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/covid-19/) - [Childhood Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/childhood-cancer/) - Certain types of cancer more often affect kids than adults, such as brain tumours, leukaemia, and lymphoma. A doctor can provide information on treatment options. - [Blood Clots](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/childhood-blood-clots/) - Some children have a higher risk of developing dangerous blood clots. Certain medications, such as blood thinners, can help prevent clots from forming. - [Autism Spectrum Disorders
(ASD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/autism-spectrum-disorders/) - ASD causes differences in how people communicate and interact with others. A combination of treatments, such as therapy, can improve daily functioning. - [Asthma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/childhood-asthma/) - Asthma causes breathing issues like coughing and shortness of breath. Medications, such as oral inhalers and allergy medicine, can reduce the frequency of symptoms. - [Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/developmental-disorder-adhd/) - ADHD makes it difficult to pay attention and may cause behavioural issues, such as poor impulse control. Treatment often includes therapy and medication to manage symptoms. - [Periodic Limb Movement
Disorder (PLMD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/periodic-limb-movement-disorder/) - PLMD causes jerking and cramping in the legs while a person is sleeping. Abnormal movements usually occur every 20 to 40 seconds and disturb the sleep cycle. - [Narcolepsy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/narcolepsy/) - Narcolepsy causes excessive drowsiness during the day that can be disruptive to life. A person may be unable to resist sleepiness or fall asleep suddenly. - [Circadian Rhythm Sleep
Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/circadian-rhythm-sleep-disorders/) - Circadian sleep disorders cause numerous issues during the sleep cycle. For instance, a person may have trouble falling asleep or may wake up too early. - [REM Sleep Behaviour
Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/rem-sleep-behaviour-disorder/) - REM disorder causes disruptive dream-enacting behaviour. That means a person may act out their dreams during a stage of sleep where movement shouldn’t occur. - [Parasomnias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/parasomnias/) - Parasomnias include sleep walking, night terrors, and other disorders. These conditions can disturb sleep and lead to other health effects if not properly treated. - [Hypersomnia
(Daytime Sleepiness)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypersomnia/) - Certain medical conditions cause excessive sleepiness during the day. Hypersomnia is usually linked to other medical disorders, such as insomnia or depression. - [Insomnia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/insomnia/) - Insomnia is a sleep disorder that stops a person from falling asleep or staying asleep. Lack of sleep can lead to health issues, so timely treatment is crucial. - [Central Sleep Apnoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/central-sleep-apnoea/) - Central sleep apnoea results from communication problems between the brain and the muscles that control breathing. The condition can be caused by medical issues. - [Obstructive Sleep Apnoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/obstructive-sleep-apnoea/) - Some people experience airway collapse during sleep. Obstructive sleep apnoea requires timely treatment to prevent more serious health issues, such as heart problems. - [Sleep Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sleep-disorders/) - Poor sleep quality can affect your health in many distinct ways. That’s why finding the right sleep disorder treatment is so crucial to your well-being. - [Trachoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/trachoma/) - Trachoma results from a bacterial infection that spreads through personal contact and insects. Surgery and medication are used to prevent worsening effects. - [Strabismus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/strabismus/) - Also known as crossed eyes, strabismus usually involves issues with neuromuscular control. Corrective lenses and medication can treat this vision problem. - [Amblyopia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/amblyopia/) - Also known as lazy eye, amblyopia causes vision in the affected eye to become weaker. Therapies like wearing an eye patch temporarily can correct the issue. - [Glaucoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/glaucoma/) - Glaucoma damages the optic nerve, which can then lead to vision loss. Timely diagnosis and treatment can prevent worsening effects to keep vision healthy. - [Diabetic Retinopathy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/diabetic-retinopathy/) - People with diabetes can experience increasing pressure in the eyes. Fortunately, proper management of diabetes can also help prevent diabetic retinopathy. - [Cataract](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cataract/) - Cataracts cause cloudiness in the lens of the eye. While the condition can cause vision problems, surgery can correct these issues and improve vision. - [Refractive Errors](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/refractive-errors/) - Refractive errors are caused by problems with the shape of different structures in the eye. These disorders are usually corrected with glasses or contact lenses. - [Eye Disorders & Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/eye-disorders-diseases/) - Vision issues can have a major impact on a person's life. Fortunately, many eye disorders can be treated or even prevented with the right medical assistance. - [Drug Allergy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/drug-allergy/) - People can be allergic to all types of medications, such as antibiotics and pain relievers. Identifying drug allergies can help you avoid negative health effects when receiving care. - [Pollen Allergy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pollen-allergy/) - [Pet Allergy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pet-allergy/) - [Vitiligo](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vitiligo/) - [Raynaud's
Phenomenon](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/raynauds-phenomenon/) - Raynaud's phenomenon causes the blood vessels in the body to become narrow. Attacks usually affect fingers and toes and are triggered by cold temperatures or stress. - [Psoriasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/psoriasis/) - A skin disorder associated with patches of thick, reddened skin, psoriasis can be effectively treated with topical ointments, medication, and light therapy. - [Pemphigus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pemphigus/) - Pemphigus causes blisters to form in certain areas of the body, including the mouth, throat, and genitals. Immunosuppressants and other drugs can reduce outbreaks. - [Pachyonychia
Congenita](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pachyonychia-congenita/) - Resulting from genetic mutations, pachyonychia congenita can lead to severe blisters and callouses. Symptoms usually present at birth or in early childhood. - [Ichthyosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ichthyosis/) - Ichthyosis causes patches of rough, scaly skin to form. Symptoms range from mild to severe depending on the disorder. Supportive therapies can provide relief. - [Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hidradenitis-suppurativa/) - HS causes painful lumps to form in areas, including the groin and underarm areas. While HS can’t be cured, a doctor can provide therapies to treat symptoms. - [Epidermolysis Bullosa](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/epidermolysis-bullosa/) - A grouping of rare diseases, epidermolysis bullosa causes skin fragility in children that leads to blistering. Symptoms can range from mild to severe. - [Scleroderma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/scleroderma/) - Scleroderma is an autoimmune condition that causes skin inflammation and increases collagen. Treatments include topical ointments, medication, and immunosuppressants. - [Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/eczema/) - Eczema is a skin condition associated with dry, itchy skin and increased infection risk. Topical treatments and medication can often ease health effects. - [Alopecia Areata](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/alopecia-areata/) - Alopecia areata causes the immune system to attack hair follicles. While this condition can cause hairlessness all over, the face and head are often affected. - [Rosacea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/skin-rosacea/) - [Acne](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acne/) - Acne is a common skin issue that is characterized by outbreaks of pimples. Self-management and medication can help control symptoms to ensure clear skin. - [Skin Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/skin-problems/) - Chronic skin irritation can result from allergies and immune system issues. Avoiding triggers and receiving proper care will alleviate many skin problems. - [Movement Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/movement-disorders/) - [Septicaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/septicaemia/) - Also known as sepsis, septicaemia is a bacterial infection of the blood. Sepsis requires immediate medical care to prevent serious effects, including septic shock. - [Encephalitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/encephalitis/) - [Migraine Headaches](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/migraine-headaches/) - [Tension Headaches](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tension-headaches/) - Most tension headaches cause mild to moderate pain. Lifestyle changes and medication, including over-the-counter drugs, are the most common forms of treatment. - [Cluster Headaches](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cluster-headaches/) - Cluster headaches cause a great deal of discomfort and pain. While there’s no cure, treatment can reduce the intensity and frequency of cluster headaches. - [Stroke](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/stroke/) - A stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is disrupted. Symptoms like facial numbness and vision issues require immediate medical intervention. - [Parkinson's Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/parkinsons-disease/) - Parkinson’s can cause uncontrollable movements that inhibit balance and coordination. As a progressive illness, lifelong management is needed to control symptoms. - [Neurocutaneous Syndromes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/neurocutaneous-syndromes/) - Neurocutaneous syndromes are conditions that impact the bones, skin, and brain. While they have no cure, effects can be managed via ongoing treatment. - [Muscular Dystrophy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/muscular-dystrophy/) - A grouping of muscle diseases, muscular dystrophy can decrease mobility over time. Medications, physical therapy, and assistive devices can limit ill-effects. - [Multiple Sclerosis (MS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/multiple-sclerosis/) - With MS, the immune system attacks the sheaths that protect nerve endings. Symptoms typically progress over time and often lead to lasting disability. - [Meningitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/meningitis/) - Meningitis can be caused by a viral or bacterial infection. To avoid serious effects, proper treatment must be sought immediately. Here’s what you should know. - [Lumbar Disk Disease
(Herniated Disk)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lumbar-disk-disease/) - [Hydrocephalus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hydrocephalus/) - Caused by an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, hydrocephalus causes a dangerous pressure increase. This condition affects infants as well as adults. - [Head Injuries](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/head-injuries/) - [Guillain-Barré Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/guillain-barre-syndrome/) - A rare condition, Guillain-Barre syndrome causes the immune system to attack nerves in the body. While there is no cure, treatment can enhance quality of life. - [Epilepsy & Seizure Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/epilepsy-seizure-disorders/) - [Cerebral Aneurysm](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cerebral-aneurysm/) - Weak areas in brain arteries can become filled with blood and bulge outward. Should the cerebral aneurysm burst, immediate medical attention is required. - [Brain Tumours](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/brain-tumour-types/) - Brain tumours are often treated using a combination of medication, surgery, and other therapies. Here’s what you must know if you’ve been recently diagnosed. - [Bell's Palsy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bells-palsy/) - As a neurological ailment, Bell’s palsy causes paralysis on one side of the face. Most people recover facial function in a few weeks to a few months. - [Ataxia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ataxia/) - Ataxia causes loss of muscle control in the arms and legs. The condition often results from health issues like stroke, nerve damage, and multiple sclerosis. - [Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
(ALS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis/) - A rare but serious neurological disorder, ALS affects muscle control. The illness is progressive and uncurable, and no treatments can reverse its effects. - [Alzheimer's](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/alzheimers/) - As a progressive illness, Alzheimer’s symptoms worsen over time. Here’s what to expect after diagnosis and how the condition can be managed to slow progression. - [Acute Spinal Cord Injury](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acute-spinal-cord-injury/) - A traumatic injury can cause damage to the spine, including bruising and lacerations. Depending on the severity, this condition may result in permanent disability. - [Brain & Nervous System
Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/brain-nervous-system-disorders/) - The brain and nervous system are crucial for many bodily functions. Strokes, infections, and vascular issues can disrupt function and lead to serious effects. - [Sexual Pain Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sexual-pain-disorders/) - [Desire Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/desire-disorders/) - A lack of sexual desire can affect both men and women. Low or no libido is very common and may result from an underlying medical or mental health condition. - [Arousal Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/arousal-disorders/) - Women with arousal disorders lack sexual interest and response. The condition can result from physical or mental causes, such as health conditions or depression. - [Sexual Health Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sexual-health-disorders/) - Sexual disorders can limit quality of life and disrupt conception. They can result from both physical and mental health causes, such as past trauma or injury. - [Parasite Food Poisoning](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/parasites/) - Parasites can cause bouts of food poisoning, with effects like vomiting and diarrhoea. These issues result from the consumption of contaminated food and water. - [Bacterial Food Poisoning](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bacteria-food-poisoning/) - Food contaminated with bacteria can lead to stomach illness, such as vomiting and diarrhoea. Proper cooking and hygiene can often help people avoid health effects. - [Food Poisoning](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/food-poisoning/) - Contaminated foods cause symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea. While not often severe, dehydration from rapid fluid loss can lead to more serious effects. - [Pneumonic Plague](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pneumonic-plague/) - [Bubonic Plague](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bubonic-plague/) - Bubonic plague results from the bite of an infected flea. While less common, the disease is still prevalent in certain parts of the world, including Africa. - [Plague](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/plague/) - Bacteria transmitted by infected flea bites can cause serious symptoms. However, timely antibiotic treatment can prevent complications and assist in recovery. - [Typhoid Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/typhoid-fever/) - A type of bacterial infection, typhoid fever is usually transmitted via contaminated food and drink. Fortunately, vaccines can prevent infections and symptoms. - [Thyroid Nodules](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/thyroid-nodules/) - [Grave's Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/graves-disease/) - An autoimmune condition, Grave’s disease causes the thyroid gland to become overactive. Medication, surgery, and radioiodine therapy can prevent ill-effects. - [Excessive Iodine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/excessive-iodine/) - [Postpartum Thyroiditis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/thyroid-conditions-postpartum/) - [Hashimoto's Thyroiditis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hashimotos-thyroiditis/) - With Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, the immune system attacks the thyroid gland and causes damage. While there is no cure, medication can limit health effects. - [Thyroiditis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/thyroiditis/) - Thyroiditis causes the thyroid to become inflamed. Swelling affects the production of hormones, which can impact bodily functions like heart rate and metabolism. - [Thyroid Conditions](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/thyroid-conditions/) - Your thyroid produces essential hormones. When problems arise with thyroid function, you may experience weight gain or loss, fatigue, and other symptoms. - [Persistent Diarrhoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/persistent-diarrhoea/) - [Acute Diarrhoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acute-diarrhoea/) - [Chronic Diarrhoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chronic-diarrhoea/) - [Protein-Losing Enteropathy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/protein-losing-enteropathy/) - [Xerophthalmia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/xerophthalmia/) - [Pellagra](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pellagra/) - [Vitamin K Deficiency](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vitamin-k-deficiency/) - [Osteomalacia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nutritional-disorder-osteomalacia/) - [Hypocalcaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypocalcaemia/) - When calcium in the blood is low, brittle nails, dry skin, and muscle cramps can occur. Along with identifying the underlying cause, calcium supplements also help. - [Beriberi](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/beriberi/) - A thiamine deficiency increases heart rate, causes issues with mobility, and leads to shortness of breath. Supplemental nutrients can prevent these health effects. - [Scurvy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/scurvy/) - A lack of vitamin C can lead to scurvy, a disease associated with weakness and fatigue. Regular intake of food containing vitamin C is crucial to wellness. - [Protein Energy Malnutrition](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/protein-energy-malnutrition/) - A protein deficiency can lead to hair loss, swelling, and starvation. Replenishment of nutrients can often reverse ill-effects and prevent health issues. - [Obesity](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nutritional-disorder-obesity/) - [Iron Deficiency Anaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/iron-deficiency-anaemia/) - When red blood cells lack iron, it’s more difficult for them to transfer oxygen throughout the body. Dietary changes and iron supplements can increase levels. - [Iron Deficiency Anaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nutritional-disorders-anaemia/) - [Growth Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/growth-problems/) - Growth problems can result from a number of issues, including genetic defects and hormonal disorders. These problems limit a child’s growth and development. - [Disorders of Protein Digestion](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/disorders-of-protein-digestion/) - An inability to digest certain proteins can lead to many bodily dysfunctions. A doctor specializing in GI disorders can help find the proper treatment. - [Disorders of Fat Digestion](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/disorders-of-fat-digestion/) - [Disorders of Vitamin
Absorption](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/disorders-of-vitamin-absorption/) - [Disorders of Metal Absorption](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/disorders-of-metal-absorption/) - [Disorders of Amino
Acid Absorption](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/disorders-amino-acid-absorption/) - [Carbohydrate Malabsorption](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/carbohydrate-malabsorption/) - The GI tract can have difficulty absorbing dietary carbohydrates. This condition can lead to nutritional deficits, as well as related health effects. - [Nutritional Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nutritional-disorders/) - The body needs nutrients to efficiently perform numerous functions. This guide explains how different nutritional disorders can affect health and wellness. - [Ectopic Pregnancy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ectopic-pregnancy/) - [Obesity and Weight Gain](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pregnancy-obesity-weight-gain/) - [Other Complications of
Pregnancy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/other-complications-of-pregnancy/) - Some pregnancy complications are more common than others. This highlights the importance of conferring with a doctor regularly throughout your pregnancy. - [Placental Complications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/placental-complications/) - Placental complications occur during pregnancy or childbirth. Complications are rare, but you must get medical assistance to protect yourself and your baby. - [Bleeding](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bleeding/) - Bleeding during pregnancy is common, but it can also indicate a complication. Accordingly, you should visit a doctor immediately to determine the underlying cause. - [Amniotic Fluid Complications](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/amniotic-fluid-complications/) - Pregnancy complications can result from too much or too little amniotic fluid. Monitoring by a doctor is crucial to ensure the health of the mother and baby. - [Preterm Stillbirth](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/preterm-stillbirth/) - Stillbirth occurs when a baby dies in the womb after the 20th week of pregnancy. While there are risk factors, stillbirth can occur spontaneously and without cause. - [Pregnancy Loss or
Miscarriage](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pregnancy-loss-miscarriage/) - Miscarriage can occur during all stages of pregnancy. Conferring with your OB-GYN can help you understand the risk and take possible steps to avoid pregnancy loss. - [Preterm Depression &
Anxiety](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/preterm-depression-anxiety/) - Some pregnant women experience bouts of depression and anxiety. Getting timely treatment for these issues is crucial for the wellness of mother and baby. - [Preterm Labour](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/preterm-labour/) - When labour begins before the 37th week of pregnancy, the baby is considered preterm. Knowing your preterm labour risk ensures doctors can take the right steps. - [Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/infections/) - Infections such as bacterial vaginosis and UTIs can occur during pregnancy. With the right medical care, infections can be treated to prevent more serious effects. - [Preeclampsia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/preeclampsia/) - Preeclampsia causes high blood pressure later in pregnancy or just after giving birth. Medications are often used to ensure a healthy delivery and baby. - [Gestational Diabetes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gestational-diabetes-pregnancy/) - Some pregnant women are unable to produce insulin, which leads to gestational diabetes. Proper treatment is needed to prevent worsening health effects. - [High Blood Pressure
in Pregnancy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypertension-pregnancy/) - High blood pressure during pregnancy can cause serious health effects, including increased risk of stroke. An OB-GYN can help you manage blood pressure. - [Complications of Pregnancy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/complications-of-pregnancy/) - Pregnancy complications can sometimes be avoided when you have the right healthcare information. These facts can improve your chances of a healthy delivery. - [Hepatic Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hepatic-hematoma/) - Also known as liver hematoma, this condition occurs when blood accumulates in a certain area of the liver. It can result from physical trauma and other issues. - [Splenic Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/splenic-hematoma/) - Abdominal trauma can cause bleeding within the spleen. When complications are present, surgical intervention is usually necessary to avoid worsening effects. - [Ear or Aural Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ear-aural-hematoma/) - Trauma to the ear can cause an aural hematoma. A collection of blood, ear hematomas can often be remedied with surgical procedures to improve physical appearance. - [Intra-abdominal, Peritoneal,
or Retroperitoneal Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/retroperitoneal-hematoma/) - Bleeding can affect different parts of the body, such as specific areas in the abdomen. Common causes include injuries, ruptured blood vessels, and tumours. - [Subungual Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/subungual-hematoma/) - Subungual hematomas cause blood to collect under a fingernail or toenail. The medical issue usually results from an injury and does not always require treatment. - [Intracranial Epidural
Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/intracranial-epidural-hematoma/) - This condition results from a burst blood vessel in the brain. Pressure can increase as a result, so timely treatment is needed to prevent health issues. - [Spinal Epidural Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/spinal-epidural-hematoma/) - Spinal epidural hematoma causes bleeding in a certain area of the spine. This condition can occur suddenly or may result from a surgical complication. - [Subdural Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/subdural-hematoma/) - Subdural hematomas occur when blood collects on the surface of the brain. This increases pressure and may lead to life-threatening effects without timely treatment. - [Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hematoma/) - A hematoma is a blood clot that forms due to a broken blood vessel. Hematomas can form anywhere in the body, including the organs and bodily tissues. - [Neurological Viral Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/neurological-viral-diseases/) - Certain viral infections, such as measles and chickenpox, can also cause neurological problems. Further research is needed to understand the direct link. - [Haemorrhagic Viral Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/haemorrhagic-viral-diseases/) - Viral haemorrhagic fever cause issues with abnormal bleeding. Because treatment remains limited at this time, prevention is the best way to avoid effects. - [Cutaneous Viral Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cutaneous-viral-diseases/) - A type of viral skin infection, cutaneous diseases can cause lesions to form. Good person hygiene, such as hand washing, can help avoid these effects. - [Hepatic Viral Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hepatic-viral-diseases/) - Viral hepatitis causes the liver to become inflamed, which can negatively impact function. Some forms are curable, while others can be managed with treatment. - [Exanthematous Viral Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/exanthematous-viral-disease/) - Exanthematous diseases typically cause skin rashes. Chickenpox and measles are two common examples of these viral diseases, which require timely treatment. - [Gastrointestinal Viral Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gastrointestinal-viral-diseases/) - Certain viruses can cause major stomach distress, including diarrhoea and vomiting. Most cases are not harmful, but steps must be taken to avoid dehydration. - [Respiratory Viral Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/respiratory-viral-diseases/) - Colds and flus result from respiratory viral diseases. Most people make a full recovery with supportive care, such as bed rest and increased fluid intake. - [Viral Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/viral-diseases/) - Viral infections result from exposure to a virus, which are often associated with colds and flu. Supportive care and antiviral medications can help ease symptoms. - [XMEN Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/xmen-disease/) - [X-Linked Lymphoproliferative
Disease (XLP)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/x-linked-lymphoproliferative-disease/) - [X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia
(XLA)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/x-linked-agammaglobulinemia/) - [Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
(WAS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/wiskott-aldrich-syndrome/) - [Warts,
Hypogammaglobulinemia,
Infections,
and Myelokathexis
(WHIM) Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/whim-syndrome/) - [STAT3 Dominant Negative
Disease (STAT3DN)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/stat3-dominant-negative-disease/) - [STAT3 Gain-of-Function
Disease (STAT3 GOF)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/stat3-gain-of-function-disease/) - [Severe Combined
Immunodeficiency
(SCID)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/severe-combined-immunodeficiency/) - SCID describes a group of rare disorders that result from mutated genes. Immediate treatment is needed to prevent life-threatening effects in infants. - [PLCG2-associated Antibody
Deficiency and Immune
Dysregulation (PLAID)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/plaid/) - [PI3 Kinase Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pi3-kinase-disease/) - [LRBA Deficiency](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lrba-deficiency/) - [Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency
(LAD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/leukocyte-adhesion-deficiency/) - [Interferon Gamma,
Interleukin 12
and Interleukin 23
Deficiencies](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/interferon-gamma-interleukin-12-23-deficiencies/) - [Hyper-Immunoglobulin M
Syndromes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hyper-immunoglobulin-m-syndromes/) - [Hyper-Immunoglobulin
E Syndromes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hyper-immunoglobulin-e-syndromes/) - HIES is a rare disease that causes skin abscesses, lung infections, and eczema. Topical treatments, antibiotics, and other therapies can help manage symptoms. - [GATA2 Deficiency](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gata2-deficiency/) - [DOCK8 Deficiency](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dock8-deficiency/) - [CTLA4 Deficiency](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ctla4-deficiency/) - [Congenital Neutropenia
Syndromes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/congenital-neutropenia-syndromes/) - [Common Variable
Immunodeficiency (CVID)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/common-variable-immunodeficiency/) - [Chronic Granulomatous
Disease (CGD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chronic-granulomatous-disease/) - CGD is a genetic disorder that affects the body’s ability to fight off certain infections. As a result, a person becomes more vulnerable to bacteria and fungi. - [CARD9 Deficiency & Other
Syndromes of Susceptibility
to Candidiasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/card9-deficiency/) - CARD9 deficiency reduces a person’s ability to fight off fungal infections, such as candidiasis. It’s a genetic disorder that affects immune function. - [Caspase Eight Deficiency State
(CEDS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/caspase-eight-deficiency-state-ceds/) - CEDS is a rare genetic disorder that causes symptoms like increased viral infections, enlargement of spleen and lymph nodes, and recurring respiratory infections. - [BENTA Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/benta-disease/) - BENTA disease causes enlargement of the spleen and increased infections targeting the lungs, ears, and sinuses. Because the disease is rare, research is ongoing. - [APS-1 (APECED)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/aps-1/) - APS-1 is an immune disorder caused by genetic factors. Symptoms include immune responses focusing on internal organs and a higher risk of certain fungal infections. - [Autoimmune
Lymphoproliferative
Syndrome (ALPS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/alps/) - A rare genetic disorder, ALPS impacts children and adults. The condition increases white blood cells in lymph nodes, which leads to enlargement of certain organs. - [Subacute Granulomatous
Thyroiditis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/subacute-granulomatous-thyroiditis/) - Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis causes inflammation and dysfunction of the thyroid. In many cases, this condition resolves on its own after weeks or months. - [Congenital Hypothyroidism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/congenital-hypothyroidism/) - Also known as underactive thyroid, congenital hypothyroidism is characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones. This can affect numerous areas of the body without proper treatment. - [Transient Hypothyroidism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/transient-hypothyroidism/) - Transient hypothyroidism is a temporary condition affecting children that impacts the function of the thyroid. Proper treatment can prevent long-term health effects from occurring. - [Psychogenic Non-Epileptic
Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/psychogenic-non-epileptic-seizures/) - [Non-Epileptic Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/non-epileptic-seizures/) - [Cryptogenic Epilepsy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cryptogenic-epilepsy/) - While the causes of cryptogenic epilepsy are not often known, it’s usually believed that an underlying injury of unknown origin plays a role in symptoms. - [Symptomatic Epilepsy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/symptomatic-epilepsy/) - Symptomatic epilepsy typically results from brain dysfunction or injury. This condition can usually be managed with medication, therapy, and surgery. - [Epilepsy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/epilepsy/) - Epilepsy is a medical condition that causes repeated seizures. Epilepsy often has no identifiable cause, but medication and surgery can help manage the condition. - [Generalized Tonic-Clonic
Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/generalized-tonic-clonic-seizures/) - Tonic-clonic seizures are associated with aggressive muscle contractions and loss of consciousness. Doctors may recommend medication or surgery if seizures recur. - [Myoclonic Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/myoclonic-seizures/) - Myoclonic seizures cause muscle tissue to contract and relax rapidly. The condition should be assessed by a doctor to determine if treatment is necessary. - [Absence Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/absence-seizures/) - [Parietal Lobe Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/parietal-lobe-seizures/) - [Occipital Lobe Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/occipital-lobe-seizures/) - [Frontal Lobe Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/frontal-lobe-seizures/) - Frontal lobe seizures affect movement, speech, and thinking. A type of epilepsy, these seizures are usually caused by developmental issues in the brain. - [Temporal Lobe Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/temporal-lobe-seizures/) - Temporal lobe seizures affect the temporal lobes of the brain, which control short-term memory and emotions. Treatments usually include medication and therapy. - [Focal Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/focal-seizures/) - Focal seizures cause abnormal movements, tingling, and other effects. A person may also appear distracted or use words that don’t make sense based on the context. - [Seizure Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/seizure-disorders/) - Proper management of a seizure disorder will limit its effects on your life. This guide can help you find the right treatment to avoid serious issues. - [Lupus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lupus/) - Along with other effects, lupus can also contribute to joint pain. While there is no cure for this condition, medication can reduce swelling and other symptoms. - [Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis/) - Children and teens can experience symptoms of arthritis due to inflammation and immune dysfunction. While the cause is unknown, there are many effective treatments. - [Gout](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gout/) - Gout causes acute joint pain and swelling. It can impact one or more joints, but usually targets the big toe. Medication and lifestyle changes are common treatments. - [Psoriatic Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/psoriatic-arthritis/) - Psoriasis is a skin disease that causes inflammation of the joints. Medication, therapy, and lifestyle management can often relieve symptoms and reduce discomfort. - [Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/arthritis/) - While arthritis can impact one’s life in many ways, treatment helps relieve symptoms. Here’s what you need to know if you experience this chronic pain disorder. - [Subacute Sinusitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/subacute-sinusitis/) - [Chronic Sinusitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chronic-sinusitis/) - Chronic sinusitis is caused by inflamed sinuses that last three months or longer. It can result from allergies, infections, and certain medical conditions. - [Acute Sinusitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acute-sinusitis/) - [Sinusitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sinusitis/) - An infection within the sinuses, sinusitis causes discomfort and overproduction of mucus. The right care can relieve symptoms and resolve the infection. - [Fibromyalgia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fibromyalgia/) - A chronic pain disorder, the exact cause of fibromyalgia is unknown. Treatment can help manage symptoms and enhance quality of life in those who have it. - [Ectoparasitic Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ectoparasitic-infections/) - [Lymphogranuloma Venereum
(LGV)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lymphogranuloma-venereum/) - [Chancroid](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chancroid/) - Chancroid is an infection caused by bacteria that is transmitted from person to person via sex. A doctor can prescribe antibiotic medication to cure the infection. - [Trichomoniasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/trichomoniasis/) - Trichomoniasis is an STD caused by a parasite. Antibiotics cure the infection and prevent worsening health effects, such as increased risk of cancer and other STDs. - [Syphilis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/syphilis/) - Syphilis is caused by bacteria that is transmitted through intercourse. Timely treatment is crucial to prevent serious health effects, including organ damage. - [Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
(PID)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pelvic-inflammatory-disease-pid/) - PID is an infection that affects areas of the reproductive tract. It can be caused by STDs, such as chlamydia, which highlights the importance of safe sex. - [Mycoplasma genitalium (Mgen)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mycoplasma-genitalium/) - [Human Papillomavirus (HPV)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/human-papillomavirus-hpv/) - The most common sexually transmitted disease, HPV doesn’t always lead to health issues. However, certain strains are linked to cervical and oral cancers. - [HIV/AIDS](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hiv-aids/) - HIV is a virus that impacts how the immune system functions. The virus eventually progresses into AIDS, which can lead to severe infections and illnesses. - [Hepatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hepatitis/) - [Genital Herpes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/genital-herpes/) - A sexually transmitted virus, genital herpes is not curable. However, proper treatment from a medical professional can help manage symptoms and reduce outbreaks. - [Gonorrhoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gonorrhea/) - Gonorrhoea is caused by bacteria transmitted via sexual intercourse. While it can cause serious health issues, certain treatments help avoid these effects. - [Chlamydia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chlamydia/) - A type of STD, chlamydia causes painful urination and vaginal discharge. Timely treatment with medication cures the infection and prevents long-term effects. - [Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bacterial-vaginosis-bv/) - Bacterial vaginosis is caused by an imbalance of vaginal bacteria. It’s treated with antibiotics and isn’t associated with any long-term health effects. - [Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/clinically-isolated-syndrome/) - While there are many similarities between CIS and MS, the primary difference is that CIS occurs once while MS causes repeated flare ups of progressively worsening symptoms. - [Saccular Aneurysm](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/saccular-aneurysm/) - The most common form of cerebral aneurysm, saccular aneurysms are sacs of blood that form on weakened arteries in the brain - [Acoustic Neuroma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acoustic-neuroma-2/) - A type of benign growth that can affect hearing and balance, acoustic neuromas can be treated effectively with surgery and other procedures - [Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sporadic-als/) - Most people with ALS are afflicted by a sporadic form of this medical condition, which means that the disease happens spontaneously and without family history or risk factors. - [Complete Spinal Cord Injury](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/spinal-cord-injury/) - Complete spinal cord injuries prevent nerves from communicating with areas below the site of the damage. This can lead to a lack of sensation, paralysis, and other serious health effects. - [External Haemorrhoids](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/external-haemorrhoids/) - External haemorrhoids form underneath the skin around the anus. While usually not serious, all rectal bleeding should be assessed by a doctor immediately. - [Prolapsed Haemorrhoids](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/prolapsed-haemorrhoids/) - Prolapsed haemorrhoids are swollen veins that protrude from the anus. While uncomfortable, most haemorrhoids can be managed with at-home care, such as ice packs. - [Internal Haemorrhoids](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/internal-haemorrhoids/) - Internal haemorrhoids don’t always cause discomfort, but they can cause bleeding during bowel movements. A doctor can diagnose haemorrhoids and recommend treatment. - [Haemorrhoids](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/haemorrhoids/) - Haemorrhoids develop when veins inside the anus and rectum become swollen. While uncomfortable, this common condition is easily treatable in most cases. - [Varicella](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/varicella/) - Also known as chickenpox, varicella is a highly infectious disease that most often affects children. A vaccine can prevent infection and associated complications. - [Acromegaly](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acromegaly/) - Excessive levels of growth hormone in the body contribute to a rare condition known as acromegaly, which often results from growths on the pituitary gland. - [Subacute Lymphocytic
Thyroiditis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/subacute-lymphocytic-thyroiditis/) - Often affecting post-partum women, subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis is a temporary condition that can impact function of the thyroid gland - [Toxic Adenoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/toxic-adenoma/) - Toxic adenoma can have a significant impact on the function of the thyroid gland. This condition causes the thyroid to produce excess hormones which can lead to minor and severe symptoms. - [Plummer Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/plummer-disease/) - Plummer disease causes the thyroid gland to release an excessive volume of hormones, which can lead to insomnia, extreme tiredness, and gastrointestinal issues. - [Postpartum Thyroiditis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/postpartum-thyroiditis/) - In a small percentage of women, the thyroid gland can become inflamed after pregnancy. For most women, the issue resolves within 12 to 18 months of symptoms. - [Hypothyroidism and Pregnancy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypothyroidism-and-pregnancy/) - Hypothyroidism is linked to many pregnancy complications that can endanger both the mother and baby. Here’s how to navigate the condition while pregnant. - [Thyroid Hormone
Replacement Therapy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/thyroid-hormone-replacement/) - When thyroid dysfunction occurs, hormone replacement therapy helps support healthy bodily functions. Here’s what patients can expect from the treatment. - [Thyroid Disorders in Women](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/thyroid-disorders-women/) - Thyroid disorders can cause symptoms like irregular menstruation, fatigue, and weight gain. Here’s how you can get help for this health condition. - [Thyroid Tumours & Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/thyroid-tumors-cancer/) - While thyroid cancer doesn’t always cause symptoms, some may feel a swelling in the neck. The condition often has a good prognosis with the right treatment. - [Cancerous Growths on
Thyroid Gland](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cancerous-growths-on-thyroid-gland/) - [Pituitary Gland Malfunction](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pituitary-gland-malfunction/) - [Subacute Thyroiditis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/subacute-thyroiditis/) - [Hypothyroidism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypothyroidism/) - Also known as an underactive thyroid, hypothyroidism occurs when the gland fails to make a sufficient number of hormones. This can lead to weight gain and fatigue. - [Hyperthyroidism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hyperthyroidism/) - [Thyroid Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/thyroid-disorders/) - The thyroid produces hormones responsible for numerous bodily functions. Thyroid disorders disrupt function and require treatment to prevent worsening symptoms. - [Antifungal Resistance
to Candidiasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/antifungal-resistance-candidiasis/) - [Invasive Candidiasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/invasive-candidiasis-infection/) - [Chronic Appendicitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chronic-appendicitis/) - [Acute Appendicitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acute-appendicitis/) - [Appendicitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/appendicitis/) - Caused by inflammation of the appendix, appendicitis is a medical emergency. Timely removal of the organ can help limit health effects for a good recovery. - [Streptococci Group B](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/streptococci-group-b/) - [Streptococci (Strep Throat)
Group A](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/strep-throat-group-a/) - [Nonspecific Conjunctivitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nonspecific-conjunctivitis/) - [Toxic Conjunctivitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/toxic-conjunctivitis/) - Toxic conjunctivitis can result from exposure to chemicals, smoke, or fumes in the eyes. Eyes must be rinsed immediately, and vision should be checked by a doctor. - [Allergic Conjunctivitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/allergic-conjunctivitis/) - [Bacterial Conjunctivitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bacterial-conjunctivitis/) - Some forms of conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, can result from bacteria. While symptoms usually resolve on their own, antibiotic eye drops may be prescribed. - [Viral Conjunctivitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/viral-conjunctivitis/) - While not harmful to your vision, pink eye causes eye irritation and other bothersome symptoms. Good hygiene can help you avoid this viral infection. - [Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/conjunctivitis-pink-eye/) - Typically caused by viruses or bacteria, pink eye is a common infection that often resolves on its own. Here’s how you can get relief from bothersome symptoms. - [Vitamin Deficiency Anaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vitamin-deficiency-anaemia/) - [Sickle Cell Anaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sickle-cell-anaemia/) - This genetic disorder impacts red blood cells, which leads to pain, swelling of the hands and feet, and recurring infections. Medications can relieve symptoms. - [Aplastic Anaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/aplastic-anaemia/) - People with aplastic anaemia can’t sufficiently produce new red blood cells. Treatments include medication, stem cell transplants, and blood transfusions. - [Anaemia (Dietary Iron
Deficiency)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/anaemia-dietary-iron-deficiency/) - With anaemia, a lower red blood cell count causes fatigue and shortness of breath. Anaemia often results from a deficiency, but a doctor can help determine the cause. - [Occupational Lung Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/occupational-lung-diseases/) - [Exercise-Induced
Bronchoconstriction
(EIB)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/exercise-bronchoconstriction/) - Some people experience asthma-like symptoms with physical activity. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, as it is medically known, can be treated with medications and self-care remedies. - [Adult-Onset Asthma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/adult-onset-asthma/) - While asthma commonly occurs in childhood, this common lung condition can also impact adults. Here’s what you should know about adult-onset asthma and how it is treated. - [Pertussis (Whooping Cough)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pertussis-whooping-cough/) - Whooping cough is associated with serious coughing fits. The condition is highly contagious and requires timely treatment to prevent worsening effects. - [Pneumonia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pneumonia/) - A type of lung infection, pneumonia can be caused by bacteria and viruses. Fortunately, the right treatment can limit symptoms and cure the underlying infection. - [NTM Lung Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ntm-lung-disease/) - This condition results from common bacteria that can cause health issues in some. Symptoms like shortness of breath and cough require timely medical evaluation. - [Middle Eastern Respiratory
Syndrome (MERS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/middle-eastern-respiratory-syndrome-mers/) - MERS results from a viral infection and is most common in certain areas of the Middle East. Symptoms include breathing problems, fever, and coughing. - [MAC Lung Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mac-lung-disease/) - [Legionnaires' Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/legionnaires-disease/) - [Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/interstitial-lung-disease-ild/) - ILD includes a group of conditions that contribute to lung scarring. It often results from exposure to certain toxins, including toxic forms of dust and fibers. - [Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
(IPF)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis/) - This condition causes scarring of the lungs for unknown reasons. While medication can slow the progression, lung transplants are needed for severe cases. - [Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypersensitivity-pneumonitis/) - An autoimmune condition, hypersensitivity pneumonitis causes flu-like symptoms when exposed to allergens. Along with avoiding triggers, medications can also help. - [Human Metapneumovirus
(hMPV)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/human-metapneumovirus/) - A respiratory disease, hMPV is characterized by cough, congestion, and shortness of breath. Supportive care can ease symptoms until the virus resolves. - [Hantavirus Pulmonary
Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hantavirus-pulmonary-syndrome/) - Caused by a virus transmitted by rodents, HPS causes fever, nausea, and problems breathing. Emergency care, including ventilation, is needed for severe cases. - [Eosinophilic Granulomatosis
With Polyangiitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/eosinophilic-granulomatosis-polyangiitis/) - EGPA results from inflamed blood vessels in the lungs, which can restrict blood flow. Treatment and monitoring of the condition are crucial in managing symptoms. - [Emphysema](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/emphysema/) - Emphysema is one aspect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Gradual damage over time affects lung function, but treatments can reduce ill-effects. - [Cryptogenic Organising
Pneumonia (COP)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cop/) - The cause of COP is unknown, but the lung condition causes symptoms like shortness of breath and fatigue. Most people make a full recovery with treatment. - [Coronavirus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/coronavirus/) - A contagious respiratory illness, coronavirus causes cough, fever, and fatigue. The virus can be avoided by good hygiene and regular disinfection of the home. - [Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis
(Black Lung Disease)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/coal-workers-pneumoconiosis/) - Inhaling coal dust over an extended period can lead to lung issues, including scarring and swelling. While damage can’t be reversed, this condition can be treated. - [Chronic Cough](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chronic-cough/) - [Acute Bronchitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acute-bronchitis/) - [Bronchiolitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bronchiolitis/) - A lung infection that most often affects infants and children, bronchiolitis causes small airways to become inflamed. Symptoms usually resolve in about two weeks. - [Bronchiectasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bronchiectasis/) - Bronchiectasis results from widening airways, which leaves the lungs more susceptible to infection. Treatments include breathing devices, medication, and surgery. - [Acute Respiratory Distress
Syndrome (ARDS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome-ards/) - ARDS is caused by fluid accumulation within the air sacs in the lungs. Along with shortness of breath, it can also cause low blood pressure and confusion. - [Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/alpha-1-antitrypsin-deficiency/) - A lack of a certain protein can increase your risk of developing lung conditions and other disorders. However, significant damage can be avoided with treatment. - [Acute Chest Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acute-chest-syndrome/) - A complication of sickle cell anaemia, acute chest syndrome results from blockages in the lungs. This causes symptoms like coughing and shortness of breath. - [Lung Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lung-diseases/) - Lung diseases are a group of disorders that affect the respiratory system and breathing, such as COPD. When the effects are severe, lung failure can occur. - [Haemorrhagic Stroke](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/haemorrhagic-strokes/) - A haemorrhagic stroke involves bleeding in the brain, which can have a severe impact on your health. Because they are a medical emergency, all strokes require immediate medical attention - [Ischemic Strokes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ischemic-strokes/) - Ischemic strokes are medical emergencies that require immediate assistance to prevent more serious effects. Here are some essential factors to remember - [Vein of Galen Malformation
(VGM)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vgm/) - VGM impacts infants and involves problems with how the arteries in the brain connect to veins. This condition is treated using minimally invasive surgery. - [Venous Angiomas](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/venous-angiomas/) - Also known as developmental venous anomaly, this benign condition involves the abnormal formation of veins. Treatment is not usually needed for venous angiomas. - [Moyamoya Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/moyamoya-disease/) - Moyamoya disease occurs when a major artery in the brain becomes blocked. Both children and adults can be affected, and the condition increases the risk of stroke. - [Vascular Malformations](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vascular-malformations/) - Vascular malformations can impact veins, arteries, and lymph vessels. While the condition is present from birth, effects may not become obvious until later in life. - [Carotid Stenosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/carotid-stenosis/) - This condition involves the narrowing of carotid arteries. Carotid stenosis can increase the risk of stroke, although many people don’t experience any symptoms. - [Cerebrovascular Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cerebrovascular-disease/) - Issues affecting blood vessels in the brain are known as cerebrovascular diseases. When blood flow is disrupted in the brain, many serious effects can occur. - [Transmissible Spongiform
Encephalopathies](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tse/) - Prion diseases impact the brain and can cause a host of serious health effects. It may take time for the effects to show, but prion diseases cannot be treated or cured. - [Parasitic Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/parasitic-infections/) - Parasites can cause major infections in the body. They can impact the internal organs, cause stomach issues, or contribute to skin rashes and other effects. - [Fungal Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fungal-infections/) - Spread by contact with fungus, fungal infections can impact your hair, skin, and internal organs in some cases. People with weakened immune systems have a higher risk. - [Bacterial Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bacterial-infections/) - Bacteria can cause a wide range of infections, including UTIs, tuberculosis, and sepsis. Antibiotics are usually prescribed to treat bacterial infections. - [Viral Infections](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/viral-infections/) - Colds and flu are common forms of viral infections. While some infections resolve on their own, others can lead to lifelong effects that must be managed correctly. - [Infectious Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/infectious-diseases/) - Bacteria, viruses, and parasites are all sources of infectious diseases. With the right information, you can protect yourself and your family from illness. - [Influenza B](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/influenza-b/) - A common form of seasonal flu, influenza B is a type of respiratory ailment. Symptoms include sore throat, fever, and body aches. Treatment varies according to severity. - [Influenza A](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/influenza-a-virus/) - [Inflammatory Bowel Disease
(IBD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/inflammatory-bowel-disease/) - Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are two conditions categorized as IBD. They lead to inflammation of the GI tract, which can cause lasting damage. - [Diverticulitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/diverticulitis/) - Small pouches sometimes form in the digestive tract. When these pouches become infected or inflamed, symptoms like abdominal pain and nausea can occur. - [Lactose Intolerance](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lactose-intolerance/) - Lactose intolerance makes it hard to process milk, which can lead to bloating and diarrhoea. Limiting dairy products and taking supplements can help with symptoms. - [Irritable Bowel Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/irritable-bowel-syndrome/) - IBS causes a range of stomach issues, including pain, bloating, and constipation. As a chronic condition, IBS requires lifelong management to mitigate symptoms. - [Ulcerative Colitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ulcerative-colitis/) - A type of IBD, ulcerative colitis causes symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and weight loss. Medications and surgery are often used to treat this condition. - [Crohn's Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/crohns-disease/) - This condition causes tissues within the digestive tract to become inflamed, which leads to stomach distress and other issues. Genetic factors often play a role. - [Digestive Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/digestive-disorders/) - Digestive disorders cause many effects throughout the gastrointestinal system. Common conditions include Crohn’s disease, GERD, IBS, and ulcerative colitis. - [Celiac Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/celiac-disease/) - Celiac disease causes major issues with the consumption of gluten. Avoiding foods containing gluten and taking supplements can offset the effects of this condition. - [Pernicious Anaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/pernicious-anaemia/) - Pernicious anaemia affects how the body absorbs vitamin B12. This condition can cause issues with heart and digestive function, as well as muscle weakness. - [Autoimmune Vasculitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/autoimmune-vasculitis/) - An autoimmune disorder, vasculitis causes the immune system to attack the blood vessels. Along with treatment, a healthy lifestyle can also relieve symptoms. - [Sjogren's Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sjogrens-syndrome/) - Sjogren's syndrome typically occurs alongside other autoimmune disorders. Symptoms include dryness of the mouth and eyes, as well as joint pain and stiffness. - [Grave's Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/autoimmune-graves-disease/) - An autoimmune disorder, Graves’ disease causes the thyroid to overproduce hormones. This leads to fatigue, increased irritability, weight loss, and other symptoms. - [Addison's Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/addisons-disease/) - [Inflammatory Bowel Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/autoimmune-inflammatory-bowel-disease/) - Crohn's and ulcerative colitis are two forms of IBD. A doctor can help you find a suitable treatment to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. - [Systemic Lupus
Erythematosus](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/systemic-lupus-erythematosus/) - SLE is an autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation throughout the body. Treatments include corticosteroids to reduce swelling and immunosuppressive medications. - [Multiple Sclerosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/autoimmune-multiple-sclerosis/) - MS affects the brain and spinal cord and can cause disability in some cases. While there’s no cure, treatment can relieve symptoms and slow progression. - [Psoriasis/Psoriatic Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/psoriasis-psoriatic-arthritis/) - Psoriasis causes skin rashes, as well as joint inflammation and dysfunction. Believed to result from an immune system response, treatment can help relieve symptoms. - [Autoimmune Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/autoimmune-diseases/) - Autoimmune disorders cause the immune system to attack healthy tissues by mistake. Common diseases include IBD, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. - [Kidney Stone Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/kidney-stone-disease/) - Kidney stones consist of minerals and salts and can cause significant discomfort. Here’s how kidney stones are treated and how you can possibly avoid them. - [Polycystic Kidney Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/polycystic-kidney-disease/) - This inherited disease causes the formation of cysts on the kidneys. Depending on the size and number of cysts, kidney function can be greatly reduced. - [aHUS](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ahus/) - Atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome is a rare condition that causes blood clots. These clots prevent blood from flowing to different organs, including the kidneys. - [Lupus Nephritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lupus-nephritis/) - This condition is a complication of lupus, an autoimmune disorder. Symptoms include high blood pressure, swelling of feet and ankles, and blood in the urine. - [IgA Nephropathy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/iga-nephropathy/) - Also known as Berger disease, IgA nephropathy affects kidney function due to the buildup of a certain protein. Treatment can slow the progression of this illness. - [Glomerulonephritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/glomerulonephritis/) - Glomerulonephritis involves inflammation of filters in the kidneys responsible for expelling waste products. Here’s what you should know about this condition. - [Cystinosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cystinosis/) - A rare genetic disorder, cystinosis causes an amino acid to build in cells. Along with the kidneys, it also impacts the eyes and organs like the pancreas and liver. - [Fabry Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fabry-disease/) - This inherited condition reduces an enzyme that limits the amount of a fatty substance called sphingolipids in the blood. It can affect numerous organs. - [Chronic Kidney Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/chronic-kidney-disease/) - While chronic kidney disease can’t be cured, doctors can slow the progression of symptoms. Treatments include medications, dialysis, and transplant surgery - [Kidney Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/kidney-disease/) - Kidneys play an important role in removing toxins from the body. Chronic kidney disease causes loss of function and requires ongoing treatment and management. - [Bulimia Nervosa](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bulimia-nervosa/) - Bulimia is an eating disorder that involves repeated patterns of binging and purging. Through treatment, it is possible to develop a healthy relationship with food and nutrition. - [Anorexia Nervosa](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/anorexia-nervosa/) - A mental health disorder that affects a person’s view of food and bodily image, anorexia nervosa can have serious consequences without prompt, comprehensive treatment. - [Schizoaffective Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/schizoaffective-disorder/) - Combining symptoms of schizophrenia and mood disorders, schizoaffective disorder requires comprehensive treatment and support to ensure good quality of life. - [Schizophrenia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/schizophrenia/) - Schizophrenia is an often-misunderstood psychiatric disorder. While the effects can be serious, this condition can be managed with the right treatment. - [Mixed Dementia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mixed-dementia/) - People with more than one type of dementia are said to have a mixed form of the disorder. For instance, a person can have both vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s. - [Frontotemporal Dementia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/frontotemporal-dementia/) - Disorders that impact the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain fall into the category of frontotemporal dementia. Symptoms impact mood, behaviour, and speech. - [Lewy Body Dementia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/lewy-body-dementia/) - Symptoms of Lewy body dementia include cognitive issues, problems with movement, and insomnia. Here’s what you should know about this condition and its effects. - [Vascular Dementia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/vascular-dementia/) - Vascular dementia results from damage to the vessels in the brain, such as after a stroke. Symptoms include confusion, cognitive decline, and problems with memory. - [Dementia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dementia/) - Dementia consists of a group of symptoms that impact memory and thinking. As a progressive condition, people with dementia require ongoing assistance. - [Obesity Class III](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/obesity-class-3/) - The most serious category of obesity, class III entails having a body mass index of 40 or higher. Major health effects like heart failure can accompany class III. - [Obesity Class II](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/obesity-class-2/) - People with a body mass index between 35 and 39 are categorized as class II obese. This condition entails a moderate risk of health issues like diabetes and stroke. - [Obesity Class I](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/obesity-class-1/) - People with class I obesity have a body mass index between 30 and 34. While considered a low-risk category, class I obesity can still lead to health effects. - [Obesity](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/obesity/) - While it causes many poor health effects, obesity is preventable in many cases. Here’s how exercise and a proper diet can help you maintain a healthy weight. - [Cirrhosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cirrhosis/) - Injuries to the liver can cause scarring, which then leads to cirrhosis. Early diagnosis and treatment are the best ways to prevent worsening effects. - [Acute Liver Failure](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acute-liver-failure/) - Decreasing liver function that occurs over the course of days is considered acute liver failure. It often results from infections or certain types of medication. - [Wilson’s Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/wilsons-disease/) - A rare disorder that causes copper to accumulate in the body, Wilson’s disease leads to muscle stiffness and other serious effects. Here’s what you should know. - [Hyperoxaluria](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/liver-disease/hyperoxaluria/) - A buildup of oxalate in your urine results from hyperoxaluria, which can cause major kidney issues. Early detection is key to preventing more serious effects. - [Hemochromatosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/liver-disease-hemochromatosis/) - Hemochromatosis occurs when a person’s body stores too much iron, which can lead to liver dysfunction and other health conditions. Here’s how a doctor can help. - [Liver Cell Adenoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/liver-cell-adenoma/) - Adenomas are benign liver tumors that cause abdominal pain and bloating. Because the condition is rare, accurate diagnosis is crucial to getting the right help. - [Bile Duct Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bile-duct-cancer/) - This form of cancer impacts the bile ducts, which play a role in digestion. Treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and liver transplantation in serious cases. - [Liver Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/liver-cancer/) - Cancer can originate in the liver, or it can spread there from other parts of the body. It can be treated via surgery, chemotherapy, and other medical procedures. - [Primary Biliary Cholangitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/primary-biliary-cholangitis/) - A type of liver disease, primary biliary cholangitis is an autoimmune disorder that most often impacts women. Here’s what you should know about the condition. - [Autoimmune Hepatitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/autoimmune-hepatitis/) - While the reason is unknown, autoimmune hepatitis causes the immune system to attack healthy liver cells. Other disorders, like type 1 diabetes, may play a role. - [Liver Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/liver-disease/) - The liver is a vital organ, and certain diseases can significantly impede healthy function. Here are some facts to consider if you suffer from liver disease. - [Hepatitis C](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hepatitis-c/) - An infection that impacts the liver, proper management of hepatitis C is crucial to preventing complications. Fortunately, most cases can be effectively cured. - [Hepatitis B](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hepatitis-b/) - Hepatitis B is a viral infection that impacts liver function. While some infections only last for a short while, others can go on to cause long-term effects. - [Hepatitis A](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hepatitis-a/) - Transmitted via contaminated food and drink, hepatitis A causes liver inflammation and can result in potentially severe illness. However, most people make a full recovery. - [Thyroid Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/thyroid-cancer/) - Thyroid cancer is diagnosed using physical exams and tests, such as blood and imaging tests. Fortunately, this cancer is very treatable in most cases. - [Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/non-hodgkins-lymphoma/) - Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma affects the lymphatic system, which plays a major role in immune system function. Here’s how the condition is diagnosed and treated. - [Melanoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/melanoma/) - Early-stage melanomas can usually be treated by removing cancerous tissue. More serious bouts of skin cancer may require additional treatment, like chemotherapy. - [Leukaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/leukaemia/) - A form of cancer that impacts the blood and bone marrow, leukemia causes white blood cells to behave abnormally. Here’s how this condition is diagnosed and treated. - [Kidney Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/kidney-cancer/) - Diagnostic testing is often necessary to identify kidney cancer. From there, patients may receive treatments like surgery, drug therapy, and radiation. - [Endometrial Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/endometrial-cancer/) - Irregular bleeding between periods and pelvic pain are two signs of endometrial cancer. By visiting a doctor, you can receive a timely diagnosis and treatment. - [Colon & Rectal Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/colon-and-rectal-cancer/) - Timely treatment of colorectal cancers offers patients the best chance of a positive health outcome. Here’s how these cancers can be identified and treated. - [Breast Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/breast-cancer/) - Early diagnosis of breast cancer is key to improving the outcome after treatment. Here are a few symptoms to watch for and when to contact your doctor. - [Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/cancer/) - Cancer occurs when cells in the body grow uncontrollably, which can lead to many complications. Here’s what you must know about cancer and how it’s treated. - [Inhalant Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/inhalant-use-disorder/) - Certain chemicals and substances can cause mind-altering effects when inhaled. Here’s how to identify inhalant use disorder and steps you can take to get help. - [Alcohol Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/alcohol-use-disorder/) - People with alcohol use disorder can’t control their consumption of intoxicating beverages. This can result in serious health effects, both physical and mental. - [Hallucinogen Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hallucinogen-use-disorder/) - Hallucinogens are drugs that can alter a person’s perception and mind. Using these drugs can lead to serious symptoms, including visual disturbances and paranoia. - [Sedative Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sedative-use-disorder/) - Misuse of sedating medications can lead to a range of mental and physical health effects. Here’s how you can avoid these harmful effects when taking sedatives. - [Stimulant Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/stimulant-use-disorder/) - In addition to health effects, use of stimulants can also lead to major issues with psychosis. Cocaine, MDMA, and amphetamines are common forms of stimulants. - [Nicotine Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/nicotine-use-disorder/) - Nicotine can lead to major health problems, including an increased risk of certain types of cancer. Fortunately, quitting brings almost immediate benefits. - [Marijuana Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/marijuana-use-disorder/) - This substance use disorder occurs when a person develops an unhealthy dependence on marijuana that impacts their quality of life. Here’s what you need to know. - [Opioid Use Disorder](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/opioid-use-disorder/) - Use of opioids can lead to issues with dependence and addiction, as well as significant health concerns. Misuse must be avoided to prevent these effects. - [Substance Use Disorder
(SUD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/substance-use-disorder-sud/) - Chronic abuse of drugs and/or alcohol can lead to severe mental and physical effects, but therapies are available that can assist in maintaining sobriety. - [Tic Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tic-disorders/) - Tic disorders impact the nervous system and cause involuntary movements and sounds that can’t be limited or controlled. Tourette syndrome is a type of tic disorder. - [Somatic System Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/somatic-system-disorders/) - Somatic disorders cause a person to fixate on physical symptoms. Health concerns are often excessive and get in the way of normal function by causing anxiety. - [Sexual & Gender Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sexual-gender-disorders/) - A disparity between a person’s assigned sex at birth and gender identity can lead to mental distress. This condition is also referred to as gender dysphoria. - [Factitious Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/factitious-disorders/) - With factitious disorders, a person pretends to be ill to deceive others. This condition usually arises from factors like prolonged stress and trauma. - [Dissociative Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/dissociative-disorders/) - Disassociation causes a person to feel removed from their thoughts and identity. This disorder is often treated using a combination of psychotherapy and medication. - [Stress Response Syndromes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/stress-response-syndromes/) - Stress can have a profound impact on your mental health and wellness. Fortunately, stress response syndromes usually only last a short period of time. - [Post-traumatic Stress
Disorder (PTSD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/) - A traumatic event can cause long-term mental health effects, including depression and anxiety. Here’s what you must know about PTSD and how it’s treated. - [Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder (OCD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/obsessive-compulsive-disorder/) - OCD is a complex mental disorder that affects thinking and behaviour. By having a greater understanding of the condition, you can reduce its harmful impact - [Personality Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/personality-disorders/) - A type of mental health issue, personality disorders impact your perception of yourself and others. Here’s how these conditions are diagnosed and treated. - [Impulse Control &
Addiction Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/impulse-control-disorders/) - Problems with impulse control can lead to addictive behaviors, such as drug and alcohol use. Here’s why treatment is so crucial to prevent further ill-effects. - [Eating Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/eating-disorders/) - Eating disorders cause unhealthy relationships with food, which can lead to mental and physical effects. Proper treatment is crucial to maintain overall well-being. - [Psychotic Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/psychotic-disorders/) - Hallucinations are just one aspect of psychotic disorders. Medication and behavioral therapy are often recommended to treat these mental health conditions. - [Mood Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mood-disorders/) - Mood disorders have a negative impact on a person’s emotional state, but help is available. Here’s what you should know about these mental health conditions. - [Generalized Anxiety
Disorder (GAD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/generalized-anxiety-disorder/) - Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by persistent feelings of worry. While this common mental health condition can be disruptive, it is possible to manage symptoms with the right treatment. - [Anxiety Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/anxiety-disorders/) - Anxiety disorders can leave a person in a continuous state of worry. With the right treatment, you can overcome these feelings to lead a full, happy life. - [Mental Illness](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mental-illness/) - Mental health disorders affect your life in many ways, from how you think to how you behave. Fortunately, help is available to ensure a good quality of life. - [Migraine without Aura](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/migraine-without-aura/) - As the most common form of the condition, migraines without auras can come on suddenly and unexpectedly. Here’s how you can get help for this ailment. - [Migraine with Aura](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/migraine-with-aura/) - Auras, such as light flashes and tingling hands, often precede migraine headaches. While uncomfortable, the condition does not usually cause serious health effects. - [Migraines](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/migraines/) - More than just a common headache, chronic migraines can be very disruptive to a person’s life. Here’s why this condition occurs and how it’s treated. - [Non-Infectious Meningitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/non-infectious-meningitis/) - Unlike other forms of meningitis, non-infectious meningitis does not result from pathogens. Possible causes include medication, certain cancers, and head injuries. - [Amoebic Meningitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/amoebic-meningitis/) - Rare and often fatal, this form of meningitis is caused by the Naegleria fowleri amoeba. Most people contract the infection when swimming in contaminated water. - [Parasitic Meningitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/parasitic-meningitis/) - While rare, parasitic meningitis can cause severe complications and even loss of life. Avoiding contaminated food is the best way to prevent illness. - [Fungal Meningitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fungal-meningitis/) - Fungal meningitis occurs when fungal infections spread to the spinal cord or brain. Long-term treatment with antifungal medication is often required. - [Viral Meningitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/viral-meningitis/) - As the most common form of meningitis, viral meningitis can become serious quickly. Accordingly, timely medical care is crucial to stopping severe effects. - [Bacterial Meningitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bacterial-meningitis/) - –Bacterial meningitis can cause major health effects, including permanent disability and loss of life. That’s why it’s crucial for parents to be informed. - [Standard Measles](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/standard-measles/) - An infection that occurs during childhood, measles is highly contagious and can have serious health effects. Fortunately, good hygiene can prevent transmission. - [Intermediate Yellow Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/intermediate-yellow-fever/) - The most common form of the virus, intermediate yellow fever involves semi-domestic mosquitoes, which breed in urban and forest areas, infecting humans and monkeys. - [Jungle Yellow Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/jungle-yellow-fever/) - Jungle yellow fever occurs when mosquitoes bite infected monkeys. The mosquitoes then pass the infection on to other monkeys, and less frequently, humans. - [Urban Yellow Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/urban-yellow-fever/) - One of three transmission cycles, urban yellow fever affects heavily populated areas where people lack proper immunity and face a high population of mosquitoes. - [Secondary Hypertension](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypertension-secondary/) - Secondary hypertension results from a medical condition, such as heart problems. Treatment of the underlying medical condition is key to managing blood pressure. - [Primary Hypertension](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hypertension-primary/) - Primary high blood pressure is caused by poor diet and family history. Management is key to decreasing blood pressure and preventing more serious effects. - [High Blood Pressure
(Hypertension)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/high-blood-pressure/) - Often called the silent killer, high blood pressure increases your risk of heart disease and stroke. Here are some facts to consider about the condition. - [Prediabetes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/prediabetes/) - Prediabetes occurs when blood sugar levels are elevated. This condition often precedes type 2 diabetes, which is why timely medical care is so crucial. - [Gestational Diabetes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/diabetes-gestational/) - [Diabetes Type 2](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/diabetes-type-2/) - Type 2 diabetes is usually controlled with a combination of medication and lifestyle changes. Here’s how you can manage your health and avoid symptoms. - [Diabetes Type 1](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/diabetes-type-1/) - Proper management of type 1 diabetes is key to ensuring a long and healthy life. With the right care, you can minimize symptoms and reduce ill-effects. - [Diabetes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/diabetes/) - Proper management of diabetes is a must for ongoing health and wellness. This guide explains more about the illness to help you get the right treatment. - [Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome (AIDS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acquired-immunodeficiency-syndrome-aids/) - As a later stage of HIV infections, AIDS has a significant impact on the immune system. Fortunately, medication is available that can stop worsening effects. - [HIV Group P](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hiv-group-p/) - The Group P strain of HIV is relatively new and not fully understood. Researchers are currently awaiting more cases to investigate this strain further. - [HIV Group O](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hiv-group-o/) - The HIV Group O virus is relegated to Cameroon, a country located in West-Central Africa. Group O infections typically do not occur outside of that region. - [HIV Group N](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hiv-group-n/) - A subtype of HIV, the Group N strain is isolated to the country Cameroon. The Group N strain is exceedingly rare and has only affected a small collection of people. - [HIV Group M (Major)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hiv-m-major/) - As the predominate strain of HIV, the Group M virus is known for causing the AIDS epidemic. HIV Group M can also be broken down into smaller subtypes. - [HIV-2](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hiv-2/) - HIV-2 infections are less likely to progress into AIDS, but those infected still require treatment and monitoring to ensure the best possible outcome. - [HIV-1](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/hiv-1/) - The most common form of the virus, HIV-1 infections reduce the function of your immune system. However, the condition can be controlled with the right treatment. - [Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv/) - A viral infection that diminishes immune system function, HIV can be managed with the right treatment. It can also be prevented by taking the right steps. - [Latent Tuberculosis Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/latent-tuberculosis/) - Latent tuberculosis infections do not cause symptoms, but the right treatment can prevent the illness from becoming more serious. Here’s what you can expect in terms of care. - [Active Tuberculosis Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/active-tuberculosis/) - Active tuberculosis infections require timely treatment to relieve symptoms and prevent transmission. Here’s what you need to know about this medical condition. - [Bradycardias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bradycardias/) - Bradycardia is a heart rhythm disorder that causes the heart to beat slower than normal. Prompt treatment can prevent more serious effects - [Inherited Arrhythmias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/inherited-arrhythmias/) - Inherited arrhythmias are rare, but they can have serious, sometimes life-threatening, health effects. Here is what you should know about these conditions and how they are treated. - [Chronic Pain After Bone
Fracture](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/bone-fracture-pain/) - Many bone fractures heal within eight weeks or less, but some people experience lasting pain long after healing has taken place. - [Sporadic Acoustic Neuroma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sporadic-acoustic-neuroma/) - A type of non-cancerous growth that develops in the ear, acoustic neuromas can cause hearing loss and other issues. Sporadic acoustic neuromas occur suddenly and most often affect adults - [Genetic Acoustic Neuroma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/genetic-acoustic-neuroma/) - Acoustic neuromas are benign tumours that develop within the ear. While not as serious as cancerous growths, these tumours can cause hearing loss over time. - [Left-Sided Heart Failure](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/leftside-heart-failure/) - Left-sided heart failure is a serious medical condition that requires timely treatment. Here’s how to identify symptoms of heart failure to ensure the right assistance - [Mitral Valve Regurgitation](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/mitral-valve-regurgitation/) - Mitral valve regurgitation affects how blood flows through the heart and to other areas of the body. Doctors often use a combination of surgery and medication to improve heart function. - [Right-Sided Heart Failure](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/rightside-heart-failure/) - Right-sided heart failure affects the body’s ability to pump blood into the lungs. Treatment of this condition often involves addressing any underlying medical issues affecting heart function. - [Tricuspid Atresia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/tricuspid-atresia/) - A type of birth defect, tricuspid atresia occurs when the valve connecting two sections of the heart fails to develop correctly. Surgery is needed to correct this condition and ensure proper blood flow. - [ST-Elevation Myocardial
Infarction (STEMI)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/stemi/) - STEMI heart attacks are often more serious and are associated with a higher risk of death than other types. Immediate medical attention is essential to avoiding a poor outcome. - [Acute Coronary Syndrome
(ACS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/acute-coronary-syndrome/) - Acute coronary syndrome results from a sudden blockage of blood flow to the heart and includes numerous medical conditions, including unstable angina and heart attacks - [Ventricular Arrhythmias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/ventricular-arrhythmias/) - Ventricular arrhythmias do not always negatively affect a person’s health, but they can cause very serious issues in some people. In this case, prompt treatment is required to avoid a severe outcome - [Supraventricular Arrhythmias](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/supraventricular-arrhythmias/) - Supraventricular arrhythmias are rapid heartbeats that affect the upper chambers of the heart. While not always serious, this condition can sometimes cause severe health problems. - [Mycetoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fungal-mycetoma/) - Mycetoma is a type of infection that can be caused by exposure to bacteria or fungus. Prompt treatment is needed to prevent more serious effects like limb dysfunction from occurring. - [Sporotrichosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/sporotrichosis-infection/) - Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection that impacts the skin, but it can also involve other areas of the body. Prompt treatment is necessary to control health effects and stop them from worsening. - [Talaromycosis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/talaromycosis-infection/) - Talaromycosis is a fungal infection that causes skin blemishes, fever, and stomach upset. Certain risk factors can increase the chance of infection and lead to more serious complications. - [Candida Auris Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fungal-candida-auris/) - Candida auris is a type of fungus that can cause serious medical issues and may even be life-threatening in some cases. Here’s what you should know about these infections and how they’re treated. - [Polycythaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/polycythaemia/) - Neonatal polycythaemia is a rare but serious medical condition that affects newborns. The condition is characterized by a high percentage of red blood cells, which can cause many health effects. - [What is total parenteral
nutrition?](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/total-parenteral-nutrition/) - [Metabolism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/metabolism/) - [Common Reproductive
Disorders in Men](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/reproductive-disorders-men/) - [Common Reproductive
Disorders in Women](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/reproductive-disorders-women/) - [Childhood Diseases:
Measles](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/childhood-measles/) - Highly contagious, measles can cause serious health effects in kids. Increased fluid intake and vitamin A therapy can offset the symptoms that accompany measles. - [Gastroenteritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/gastroenteritis/) - Gastroenteritis, also known as the stomach flu, often resolves on its own. When symptoms are severe, medical care may be necessary to prevent more serious health problems. - [Neonatal Seizures](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/neonatal-seizures/) - Neonatal seizures are a very serious condition that affects newborns. They’re considered a medical emergency and require immediate treatment to prevent severe effects. - [Fifth Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/fifth-disease/) - A viral illness, fifth disease causes mild redness on the cheeks. The condition, which often impacts children aged four through ten, doesn’t usually cause serious effects. - [Immunodeficiency Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/immunodeficiency-diseases/) - Immunodeficiency diseases prevent the body from effectively fighting off illness. Proper management is key to avoiding serious effects and maintaining wellness. - [Septicaemic Plague](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/medical_conditions/septicaemic-plague/) ## Categories - [Medical Conditions](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/medical-conditions/) - [Recent Posts](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/recent-posts/) - [Faq Blog Post](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/faq-blog-post/) - [Blog](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/blog/) - [Quality of Care](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/quality-of-care/) - [Telemedicine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/telemedicine/) - [Troubleshooting](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/troubleshooting/) - [COVID-19](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/covid-19/) - [Chronic Conditions](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/chronic-conditions/) - [Diagnosing](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/diagnosing/) - [Skin Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/skin-problems/) - [Mental Illness](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/mental-illness/) - [Neonatal Care](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/neonatal-care/) - [Latest Stories](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/latest-stories/) - [Tuberculosis (TB)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/tuberculosis-tb/) - [Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv/) - [Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/acquired-immunodeficiency-syndrome-aids/) - [Diabetes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/diabetes/) - [High Blood Pressure](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/high-blood-pressure/) - [Yellow Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/yellow-fever/) - [Measles](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/measles/) - [Malaria](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/malaria/) - [Meningitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/meningitis/) - [Migraines](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/migraines/) - [Substance Use Disorder (SUD)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/substance-use-disorder-sud/) - [Cancer](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/cancer/) - [Liver Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/liver-disease/) - [Obesity](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/obesity/) - [Dementia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/dementia/) - [Kidney Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/kidney-disease/) - [Autoimmune Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/autoimmune-diseases/) - [Lyme Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/lyme-disease/) - [Digestive Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/digestive-disorders/) - [Infectious Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/infectious-diseases/) - [Influenza/Flu](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/influenza-flu/) - [Cerebrovascular Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/cerebrovascular-disease/) - [Lung Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/lung-diseases/) - [Anaemia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/anaemia/) - [Conjunctivitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/conjunctivitis/) - [Streptococci](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/streptococci/) - [Appendicitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/appendicitis/) - [Candidiasis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/candidiasis/) - [Thyroid Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/thyroid-disorders/) - [Varicella](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/varicella/) - [Haemorrhoids](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/haemorrhoids/) - [Human Papillomavirus (HPV)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/human-papillomavirus-hpv/) - [Scabies](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/scabies/) - [Brain & Nervous System Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/brain-nervous-system-disorders/) - [Sexually Transmitted Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/sexually-transmitted-diseases/) - [Fibromyalgia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/fibromyalgia/) - [Sinusitis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/sinusitis/) - [Arthritis](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/arthritis/) - [Seizure Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/seizure-disorders/) - [Immunodeficiency Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/immunodeficiency-diseases/) - [Viral Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/viral-diseases/) - [Hematoma](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/hematoma/) - [Complications of Pregnancy](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/complications-of-pregnancy/) - [Nutritional Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/nutritional-disorders/) - [Diarrhoea](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/diarrhoea/) - [Thyroid Conditions](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/thyroid-conditions/) - [Typhoid Fever](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/typhoid-fever/) - [Plague](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/plague/) - [Food Poisoning](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/food-poisoning/) - [Sexual Health Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/sexual-health-disorders/) - [Allergies](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/allergies/) - [Eye Disorders & Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/eye-disorders-diseases/) - [Sleep Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/sleep-disorders/) - [Childhood Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/childhood-diseases/) - [Sickle Cell Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/sickle-cell-disease/) - [Metabolic Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/metabolic-disorders/) - [Biliary Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/biliary-diseases/) - [Staphylococcus Aureus Infection](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/staphylococcus-aureus-infection/) - [Hypothermia](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/hypothermia/) - [Mouth Problems](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/mouth-problems/) - [Oesophagus Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/oesophagus-disorders/) - [Disorders of the Pancreas](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/disorders-of-the-pancreas/) - [Infertility and Reproduction](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/infertility-and-reproduction/) - [Epstein-Barr Virus (EPV)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/epstein-barr-virus-epv/) - [Botulism](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/botulism/) - [Water Related-Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/water-related-diseases/) - [Immunisations](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/immunisations/) - [Blood Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/blood-disorders/) - [Venous Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/venous-disorders/) - [Jaundice](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/jaundice/) - [Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDs)](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/sudden-infant-death-syndrome-sids/) - [Skin Rashes](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/skin-rashes/) - [Bile Duct Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/bile-duct-diseases/) - [Hearing Loss](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/hearing-loss/) - [Heart Disease](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/heart-disease/) - [Developmental Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/developmental-disorders/) - [Orthopaedic Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/orthopaedic-disorders/) - [Respiratory Illnesses & Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/respiratory-illnesses-diseases/) - [Vital Signs](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/vital-signs/) - [Lymphatic Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/lymphatic-disorders/) - [Insect Bite Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/insect-bite-diseases/) - [E-Cigarettes & Vaping](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/e-cigarettes-vaping/) - [Children's Health](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/childrens-health/) - [Neonatal Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/neonatal-disorders/) - [Urologic & Bladder Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/urologic-bladder-disorders/) - [Types of Fungal Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/types-of-fungal-diseases/) - [Congenital Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/congenital-disorders/) - [Muscular System Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/muscular-system-diseases/) - [Circulatory System Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/circulatory-system-diseases/) - [Dehydration](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/dehydration/) - [Nose & Sinus Disorders](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/nose-sinus-disorders/) - [Craniofacial Disorders in Children](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/craniofacial-disorders-in-children/) - [Bone Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/bone-diseases/) - [Alternative Medicine](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/alternative-medicine/) - [Brain Tumours](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/brain-tumours/) - [Chronic Pain Syndrome](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/chronic-pain-syndrome/) - [Splenic Diseases](https://www.healthecentre.co.za/category/splenic-diseases/)